id sid tid token lemma pos en-wikipedia-org-5482 1 1 Medes Medes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 1 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 1 3 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 1 4 Medes Medes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 1 5 From from IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 1 6 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 1 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 1 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 1 9 free free JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 1 10 encyclopedia encyclopedia NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 1 11       _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 1 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 1 13 Redirected redirect VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 1 14 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 1 15 Median Median NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 1 16 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 1 17 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 1 18 Jump jump VB en-wikipedia-org-5482 1 19 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 1 20 navigation navigation NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 1 21 Jump Jump NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 1 22 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5482 1 23 search search VB en-wikipedia-org-5482 1 24 Ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 1 25 iranian iranian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 1 26 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 1 27 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 1 28 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 1 29 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 1 30 about about RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 1 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 1 32 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 1 33 Iranian iranian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 1 34 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 1 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 2 1 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 2 2 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 2 3 uses use NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 2 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 2 5 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-5482 2 6 Medes Medes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 2 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 2 8 disambiguation disambiguation NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 2 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 2 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 3 1 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 3 2 Medians Medians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 3 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 3 4 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-5482 3 5 Median Median NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 3 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 3 7 disambiguation disambiguation NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 3 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 3 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 4 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 4 2 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 4 3 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-5482 4 4 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5482 4 5 expanded expand VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 4 6 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 4 7 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 4 8 translated translate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 4 9 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 4 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 4 11 corresponding correspond VBG en-wikipedia-org-5482 4 12 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 4 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 4 14 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 4 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 5 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 5 2 February February NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 5 3 2020 2020 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 5 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 5 5 Click click VB en-wikipedia-org-5482 5 6 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 5 7 show show NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 5 8 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 5 9 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 5 10 important important JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 5 11 translation translation NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 5 12 instructions instruction NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 5 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 6 1 View view VB en-wikipedia-org-5482 6 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 6 3 machine machine NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 6 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 6 5 translated translate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 6 6 version version NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 6 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 6 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 6 9 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 6 10 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 6 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 7 1 Machine machine NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 7 2 translation translation NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 7 3 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 7 4 DeepL DeepL NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 7 5 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 7 6 Google Google NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 7 7 Translate Translate NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 7 8 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 7 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 7 10 useful useful JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 7 11 starting starting NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 7 12 point point NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 7 13 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 7 14 translations translation NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 7 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 7 16 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 7 17 translators translator NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 7 18 must must MD en-wikipedia-org-5482 7 19 revise revise VB en-wikipedia-org-5482 7 20 errors error NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 7 21 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 7 22 necessary necessary JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 7 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 7 24 confirm confirm VB en-wikipedia-org-5482 7 25 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 7 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 7 27 translation translation NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 7 28 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 7 29 accurate accurate JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 7 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 7 31 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 7 32 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 7 33 simply simply RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 7 34 copy copy NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 7 35 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 7 36 pasting paste VBG en-wikipedia-org-5482 7 37 machine machine NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 7 38 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 7 39 translated translate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 7 40 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 7 41 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 7 42 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 7 43 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 7 44 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 7 45 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 8 1 Do do VB en-wikipedia-org-5482 8 2 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 8 3 translate translate VB en-wikipedia-org-5482 8 4 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 8 5 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5482 8 6 appears appear VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 8 7 unreliable unreliable JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 8 8 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 8 9 low low JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 8 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 8 11 quality quality NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 8 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 9 1 If if IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 9 2 possible possible JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 9 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 9 4 verify verify VB en-wikipedia-org-5482 9 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 9 6 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 9 7 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 9 8 references reference NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 9 9 provided provide VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 9 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 9 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 9 12 foreign foreign JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 9 13 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 9 14 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 9 15 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 9 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 10 1 You -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5482 10 2 must must MD en-wikipedia-org-5482 10 3 provide provide VB en-wikipedia-org-5482 10 4 copyright copyright NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 10 5 attribution attribution NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 10 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 10 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 10 8 edit edit NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 10 9 summary summary NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 10 10 accompanying accompany VBG en-wikipedia-org-5482 10 11 your -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5482 10 12 translation translation NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 10 13 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 10 14 providing provide VBG en-wikipedia-org-5482 10 15 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 10 16 interlanguage interlanguage NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 10 17 link link NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 10 18 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 10 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 10 20 source source NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 10 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 10 22 your -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5482 10 23 translation translation NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 10 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 11 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 11 2 model model NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 11 3 attribution attribution NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 11 4 edit edit NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 11 5 summary summary NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 11 6 Content Content NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 11 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 11 8 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 11 9 edit edit NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 11 10 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 11 11 translated translate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 11 12 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 11 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 11 14 existing exist VBG en-wikipedia-org-5482 11 15 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 11 16 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 11 17 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 11 18 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 11 19 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 11 20 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 11 21 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5482 11 22 fr fr IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 11 23 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5482 11 24 Mèdes Mèdes NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 11 25 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 11 26 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 11 27 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5482 11 28 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-5482 11 29 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5482 11 30 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 11 31 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 11 32 attribution attribution NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 11 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 12 1 You -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5482 12 2 should should MD en-wikipedia-org-5482 12 3 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 12 4 add add VB en-wikipedia-org-5482 12 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 12 6 template template NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 12 7 { { -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 12 8 { { -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 12 9 Translated|fr|Mèdes translated|fr|mèdes NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 12 10 } } -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 12 11 } } -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 12 12 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 12 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 12 14 talk talk NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 12 15 page page NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 12 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 13 1 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 13 2 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-5482 13 3 guidance guidance NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 13 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 13 5 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-5482 13 6 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 13 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5482 13 8 Translation translation NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 13 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 14 1 Median Median NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 14 2 Dynasty Dynasty NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 14 3 Mādai Mādai NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 14 4 c. c. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 14 5 678 678 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 14 6 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 14 7 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5482 14 8 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 14 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 1 549 549 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 2 BC bc NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 3 A A NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 4 map map NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 7 Median Median NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 8 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 9 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 10 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 11 greatest great JJS en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 12 extent extent NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 14 6th 6th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 15 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 16 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 17 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 19 according accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 20 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 21 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 22 Capital Capital NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 23 Ecbatana Ecbatana NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 24 Common Common NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 25   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 26 languages language VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 27 Median Median NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 28 Religion Religion NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 29 Ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 30 Iranian iranian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 31 religion religion NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 32 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 33 related relate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 34 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 35 Mithraism Mithraism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 37 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 38 Zoroastrianism zoroastrianism NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 39 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 40 King King NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 41     _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 42 Historical historical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 43 era era NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 44 Iron Iron NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 45 Age Age NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 46 • • NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 47   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 48 Established establish VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 49 c. c. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 50 678 678 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 51 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 52 • • NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 53   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 54 Conquered conquer VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 55 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 56 Cyrus Cyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 57 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 58 Great Great NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 59 c. c. NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 60 549 549 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 61 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 62 Area Area NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 63 585 585 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 64 BC[1][2 BC[1][2 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 65 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 66 2,800,000 2,800,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 67   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 68 km2 km2 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 69 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 70 1,100,000 1,100,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 71   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 72 sq sq XX en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 73   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 74 mi mi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 75 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 76 Preceded precede VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 77 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 78 Succeeded succeed VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 79 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 80 Neo Neo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 81 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 82 Assyrian Assyrian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 83 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 84 Urartu Urartu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 85 Achaemenid Achaemenid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 86 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 87 Part Part NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 88 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 89 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 90 series series NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 91 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 92 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 93 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 94 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 95 Iran Iran NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 96 Mythological Mythological NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 97 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 98 Pishdadian pishdadian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 99 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 100 Kayanian Kayanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 101 dynasty dynasty NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 102 Ancient Ancient NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 103 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 104 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 105 Prehistory Prehistory NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 106 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 107 Iran Iran NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 108 Ancient Ancient NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 109 Times–4000 times–4000 ADD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 110 Kura Kura NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 111 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 112 Araxes araxes NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 113 culture culture NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 114 3400–2000 3400–2000 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 115 Proto Proto NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 116 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 117 Elamite Elamite NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 118 3200–2700 3200–2700 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 119 Jiroft Jiroft NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 120 culture culture NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 121 c. c. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 122 3100 3100 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 123 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 124 c. c. NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 125 2200 2200 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 126 Elam Elam NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 127 2700–539 2700–539 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 128 Akkadian Akkadian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 129 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 130 2400–2150 2400–2150 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 131 Lullubi Lullubi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 132 culture culture NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 133 c. c. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 134 2300 2300 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 135 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 136 700 700 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 137 Kassites Kassites NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 138 c. c. NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 139 1500 1500 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 140 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 141 c. c. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 142 1155 1155 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 143 Neo Neo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 144 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 145 Assyrian Assyrian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 146 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 147 911–609 911–609 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 148 Urartu Urartu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 149 860–590 860–590 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 150 Mannaeans Mannaeans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 151 850–616 850–616 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 152 Imperial imperial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 153 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 154 Median Median NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 155 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 156 678–550 678–550 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 157 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 158 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 159 Scythian Scythian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 160 Kingdom Kingdom NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 161 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 162 652–625 652–625 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 163 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 164 Anshanite Anshanite NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 165 Kingdom Kingdom NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 166 635 635 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 167 BC–550 BC–550 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 168 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 169 Neo Neo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 170 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 171 Babylonian Babylonian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 172 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 173 626 626 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 174 BC–539 BC–539 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 175 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 176 Achaemenid Achaemenid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 177 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 178 550 550 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 179 BC–330 BC–330 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 180 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 181 Kingdom Kingdom NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 182 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 183 Armenia Armenia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 184 331 331 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 185 BC–428 BC–428 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 186 AD AD NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 187 Atropatene Atropatene NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 188 c. c. NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 189     _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 190 323 323 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 191 BC–226 BC–226 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 192 AD AD NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 193 Kingdom Kingdom NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 194 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 195 Cappadocia Cappadocia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 196 320s 320s NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 197 BC–17 BC–17 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 198 AD AD NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 199 Seleucid Seleucid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 200 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 201 312 312 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 202 BC–63 BC–63 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 203 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 204 Kingdom Kingdom NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 205 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 206 Pontus Pontus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 207 281 281 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 208 BC–62 BC–62 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 209 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 210 Fratarakas Fratarakas NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 211 3rd 3rd JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 212 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 213 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 214 BC–132 BC–132 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 215 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 216 Parthian Parthian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 217 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 218 247 247 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 219 BC–224 bc–224 NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 220 AD ad NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 221 Elymais Elymais NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 222 147 147 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 223 BC–224 bc–224 NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 224 AD ad NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 225 Characene characene NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 226 141 141 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 227 BC–222 bc–222 NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 228 AD ad NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 229 Kings king NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 230 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 231 Persis persis NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 232 132 132 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 233 BC–224 bc–224 NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 234 AD AD NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 235 Indo Indo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 236 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 237 Parthian Parthian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 238 Kingdom Kingdom NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 239 19 19 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 240 AD–224/5 ad–224/5 DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 241 Paratarajas Paratarajas NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 242 125–300 125–300 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 243 Sasanian Sasanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 244 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 245 224–651 224–651 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 246 Zarmihrids Zarmihrids NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 247 6th 6th NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 248 century–785 century–785 NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 249 Qarinvandids Qarinvandids NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 250 550s–11th 550s–11th CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 251 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 252 Medieval medieval JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 253 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 254 Rashidun Rashidun NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 255 Caliphate Caliphate NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 256 632 632 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 257 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 258 661 661 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 259 Umayyad Umayyad NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 260 Caliphate Caliphate NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 261 661–750 661–750 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 262 Abbasid Abbasid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 263 Caliphate Caliphate NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 264 750–1258 750–1258 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 265 Dabuyids Dabuyids NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 266 642–760 642–760 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 267 Bavandids bavandids NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 268 651–1349 651–1349 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 269 Masmughans Masmughans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 270 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 271 Damavand Damavand NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 272 651–760 651–760 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 273 Baduspanids Baduspanids NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 274 665–1598 665–1598 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 275 Justanids Justanids NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 276 791 791 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 277 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 278 11th 11th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 279 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 280 Alid Alid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 281 dynasties dynastie VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 282 864 864 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 283 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 284 14th 14th CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 285 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 286 Tahirid Tahirid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 287 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 288 821–873 821–873 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 289 Samanid Samanid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 290 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 291 819–999 819–999 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 292 Saffarid Saffarid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 293 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 294 861–1003 861–1003 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 295 Ghurid Ghurid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 296 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 297 pre-879 pre-879 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 298 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 299 1215 1215 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 300 Sajid Sajid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 301 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 302 889–929 889–929 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 303 Sallarid Sallarid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 304 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 305 919–1062 919–1062 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 306 Ziyarid Ziyarid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 307 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 308 930–1090 930–1090 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 309 Ilyasids Ilyasids NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 310 932–968 932–968 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 311 Buyid Buyid NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 312 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 313 934–1062 934–1062 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 314 Ghaznavid Ghaznavid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 315 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 316 977–1186 977–1186 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 317 Kakuyids Kakuyids NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 318 1008–1141 1008–1141 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 319 Nasrid Nasrid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 320 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 321 1029–1236 1029–1236 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 322 Shabankara Shabankara NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 323 1030–1355 1030–1355 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 324 Seljuk Seljuk NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 325 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 326 1037–1194 1037–1194 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 327 Khwarazmian khwarazmian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 328 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 329 1077–1231 1077–1231 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 330 Eldiguzids Eldiguzids NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 331 1135–1225 1135–1225 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 332 Atabegs Atabegs NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 333 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 334 Yazd Yazd NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 335 1141–1319 1141–1319 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 336 Salghurids Salghurids NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 337 1148–1282 1148–1282 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 338 Hazaraspids Hazaraspids NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 339 1155–1424 1155–1424 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 340 Pishkinid Pishkinid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 341 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 342 1155–1231 1155–1231 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 343 Khorshidi Khorshidi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 344 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 345 1184 1184 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 346 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 347 1597 1597 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 348 Qutlugh Qutlugh NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 349 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 350 Khanids Khanids NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 351 1223 1223 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 352 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 353 1306 1306 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 354 Mihrabanids Mihrabanids NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 355 1236–1537 1236–1537 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 356 Kurt Kurt NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 357 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 358 1244–1396 1244–1396 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 359 Ilkhanate Ilkhanate NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 360 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 361 1256–1335 1256–1335 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 362 Chobanid Chobanid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 363 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 364 1335–1357 1335–1357 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 365 Muzaffarid Muzaffarid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 366 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 367 1335–1393 1335–1393 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 368 Jalayirid Jalayirid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 369 Sultanate Sultanate NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 370 1337–1376 1337–1376 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 371 Sarbadars Sarbadars NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 372 1337–1376 1337–1376 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 373 Injuids Injuids NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 374 1335–1357 1335–1357 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 375 Afrasiyab Afrasiyab NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 376 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 377 1349–1504 1349–1504 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 378 Mar'ashis Mar'ashis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 379 1359–1596 1359–1596 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 380 Timurid Timurid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 381 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 382 1370–1507 1370–1507 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 383 Kar Kar NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 384 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 385 Kiya Kiya NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 386 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 387 1370s–1592 1370s–1592 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 388 Kara Kara NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 389 Koyunlu Koyunlu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 390 1406–1468 1406–1468 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 391 Aq Aq NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 392 Qoyunlu Qoyunlu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 393 1468–1508 1468–1508 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 394 Early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 395 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 396 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 397 Safavid Safavid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 398 Iran Iran NNP 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en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 420 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 421 1925–1979 1925–1979 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 422 Iranian Iranian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 423 Revolution Revolution NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 424 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 425 Interim Interim NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 426 Government Government NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 427 1979 1979 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 428 Islamic Islamic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 429 Republic Republic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 430 1979–present 1979–present CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 431 Related related JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 432 articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 433 Name name VBP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 434 Monarchs Monarchs NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 435 Heads head NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 436 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 437 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 438 Economic economic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 439 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 440 Military military NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 441 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 442 Wars Wars NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 443 Timeline Timeline NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 444   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 445 Iran Iran NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 446 portal portal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 447 v v NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 448 t t NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 449 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 450 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 451 Apadana Apadana NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 452 Palace Palace NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 453 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 454 5th 5th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 455 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 456 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 457 Achaemenid Achaemenid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 458 bas bas NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 459 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 460 relief relief NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 461 shows show VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 462 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 463 Mede Mede NNP 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en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 487 Μῆδοι Μῆδοι NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 488 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 489 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 490 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 491 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 492 Iranian iranian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 493 people[N people[n CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 494 2 2 LS en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 495 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 496 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 497 spoke speak VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 498 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 499 Median median JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 500 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 501 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 502 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 503 inhabited inhabit VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 504 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 505 area area NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 506 known know VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 507 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 508 Media medium NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 15 509 between between IN 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en-wikipedia-org-5482 22 29 kingdom kingdom NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 22 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 2 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 3 case case NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 5 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 6 appears appear VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 7 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 8 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 10 fall fall NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 13 last last JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 14 Median median JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 15 king king NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 16 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 17 Cyrus Cyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 19 Great Great NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 22 Persian Persian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 23 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 25 Media Media NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 26 became become VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 27 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 28 important important JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 29 province province NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 31 prized prize VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 32 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 34 empires empire NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 35 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 36 successively successively RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 37 dominated dominate VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 38 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 39 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 40 Achaemenids Achaemenids NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 41 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 42 Seleucids Seleucids NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 44 Parthians Parthians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 45 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 46 Sasanids Sasanids NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 47 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 23 48 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 1 Contents content NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 2 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 3 Tribes tribe NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 4 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 5 Etymology etymology NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 6 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 7 Mythology Mythology NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 8 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 9 Archaeology archaeology NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 10 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 11 Geography geography NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 12 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 13 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 14 6.1 6.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 15 Prehistory prehistory NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 16 6.2 6.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 17 Rise rise NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 19 fall fall VB en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 20 6.3 6.3 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 21 Median median JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 22 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 23 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 24 Culture Culture NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 26 society society NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 27 7.1 7.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 28 Language Language NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 29 7.2 7.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 30 Religion Religion NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 31 8 8 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 32 Kurds Kurds NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 33 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 34 Medes Medes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 35 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 36 See see VBP en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 37 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 38 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 39 Notes note NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 40 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 41 References reference NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 42 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 43 Sources source NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 44 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 45 Further further JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 46 reading read VBG en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 47 14 14 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 48 External external JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 49 links link NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 50 Tribes[edit Tribes[edit '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 51 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 52 According accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 53 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 54 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 55 Histories Histories NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 56 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 57 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 58 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 59 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 60 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 61 six six CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 62 Median median JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 63 tribes:[6 tribes:[6 NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 64 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 65 Thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 66 Deioces Deioces NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 67 collected collect VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 68 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 69 Medes Medes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 70 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 71 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 72 nation nation NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 73 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 74 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 75 ruled rule VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 76 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 77 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 78 alone alone RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 24 79 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 25 1 Now now RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 25 2 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 25 3 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5482 25 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 25 5 tribes tribe NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 25 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 25 7 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5482 25 8 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5482 25 9 consist consist VBP en-wikipedia-org-5482 25 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5482 25 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 25 12 Busae Busae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 25 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 25 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 25 15 Paretaceni Paretaceni NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 25 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 25 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 25 18 Struchates Struchates NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 25 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 25 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 25 21 Arizanti Arizanti NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 25 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 25 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 25 24 Budii Budii NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 25 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 25 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 25 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 25 28 Magi Magi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 25 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 26 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 26 2 six six CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 26 3 Median median JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 26 4 tribes tribe NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 26 5 resided reside VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 26 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 26 7 Media Media NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 26 8 proper proper JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 26 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 26 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 26 11 triangular triangular JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 26 12 area area NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 26 13 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 26 14 Rhagae Rhagae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 26 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 26 16 Aspadana Aspadana NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 26 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 26 18 Ecbatana Ecbatana NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 26 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 27 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 27 2 7 7 LS en-wikipedia-org-5482 27 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 27 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 27 5 present present JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 27 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 27 7 day day NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 27 8 Iran,[8 Iran,[8 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 27 9 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 27 10 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 27 11 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 27 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 27 13 area area NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 27 14 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 27 15 Tehran Tehran NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 27 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 27 17 Isfahan Isfahan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 27 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 27 19 Hamadan Hamadan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 27 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 27 21 respectively respectively RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 27 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 28 1 Of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 28 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 28 3 Median median JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 28 4 tribes tribe NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 28 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 28 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 28 7 Magi Magi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 28 8 resided reside VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 28 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 28 10 Rhagae,[9 Rhagae,[9 NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 28 11 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 28 12 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 28 13 Tehran Tehran NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 28 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 29 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 29 2 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 29 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 29 4 They -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5482 29 5 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 29 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 29 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 29 8 sacred sacred JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 29 9 caste caste NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 29 10 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5482 29 11 ministered minister VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 29 12 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 29 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 29 14 spiritual spiritual JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 29 15 needs need NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 29 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 29 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 29 18 Medes Medes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 29 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 30 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 30 2 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 30 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 30 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 30 5 Paretaceni paretaceni JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 30 6 tribe tribe NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 30 7 resided reside VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 30 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 30 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 30 10 around around IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 30 11 Aspadana Aspadana NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 30 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 30 13 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 30 14 Isfahan,[7][12][13 Isfahan,[7][12][13 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 30 15 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 30 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 30 17 Arizanti Arizanti NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 30 18 lived live VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 30 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 30 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 30 21 around around IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 30 22 Kashan Kashan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 30 23 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 30 24 Isfahan Isfahan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 30 25 Province),[7 Province),[7 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 30 26 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 30 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 30 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 30 29 Busae Busae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 30 30 tribe tribe NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 30 31 lived live VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 30 32 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 30 33 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 30 34 around around IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 30 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 30 36 future future JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 30 37 Median median JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 30 38 capital capital NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 30 39 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 30 40 Ecbatana Ecbatana NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 30 41 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 30 42 near near IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 30 43 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 30 44 Hamadan Hamadan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 30 45 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 31 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 31 2 7 7 LS en-wikipedia-org-5482 31 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 31 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 31 5 Struchates Struchates NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 31 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 31 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 31 8 Budii Budii NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 31 9 lived live VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 31 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 31 11 villages village NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 31 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 31 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 31 14 Median median JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 31 15 triangle triangle NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 31 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 32 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 32 2 14 14 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 32 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 32 4 Etymology[edit etymology[edit FW en-wikipedia-org-5482 32 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 32 6 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 32 7 original original JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 32 8 source source NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 32 9 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 32 10 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5482 32 11 name name NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 32 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 32 13 homeland homeland NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 32 14 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 32 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 32 16 directly directly RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 32 17 transmitted transmit VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 32 18 Old old JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 32 19 Iranian iranian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 32 20 geographical geographical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 32 21 name name NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 32 22 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5482 32 23 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 32 24 attested attest VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 32 25 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 32 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 32 27 Old Old NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 32 28 Persian Persian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 32 29 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 32 30 Māda- Māda- NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 32 31 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 32 32 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 32 33 singular singular JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 32 34 masculine masculine NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 32 35 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 32 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 33 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 33 2 15 15 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 33 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 33 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 33 5 meaning meaning NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 33 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 33 7 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 33 8 word word NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 33 9 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 33 10 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 33 11 precisely precisely RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 33 12 known know VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 33 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 2 16 16 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 4 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 7 linguist linguist JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 8 W. W. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 9 Skalmowski Skalmowski NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 10 proposes propose VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 12 relation relation NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 13 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 15 proto proto RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 16 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 17 Indo indo JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 18 European european JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 19 word word NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 20 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 21 med(h)- med(h)- NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 22 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 24 meaning mean VBG en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 25 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 26 central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 28 suited suit VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 29 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 31 middle middle NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 32 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 34 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 35 referring refer VBG en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 36 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 38 Old Old NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 39 Indic Indic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 40 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 41 madhya- madhya- JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 42 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 43 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 44 Old old JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 45 Iranian iranian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 46 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 47 maidiia- maidiia- NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 48 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 49 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 50 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 51 carry carry VBP en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 52 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 53 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 54 meaning meaning NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 34 55 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 35 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 35 2 15 15 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 35 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 35 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 35 5 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 35 6 medium medium NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 35 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 35 8 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 35 9 méso méso NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 35 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 35 11 Armenian armenian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 35 12 mej mej NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 35 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 35 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 35 15 English english JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 35 16 mid mid NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 35 17 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5482 35 18 similarly similarly RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 35 19 derived derive VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 35 20 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 35 21 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5482 35 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 36 1 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 36 2 scholars scholar NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 36 3 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 36 4 antiquity antiquity NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 36 5 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-5482 36 6 base base VB en-wikipedia-org-5482 36 7 ethnological ethnological JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 36 8 conclusions conclusion NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 36 9 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 36 10 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 36 11 legends legend NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 36 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 36 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 36 14 similarity similarity NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 36 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 36 16 names name NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 36 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 1 According accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 2 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 4 Histories Histories NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 6 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 8 440 440 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 9 BC):[17 bc):[17 NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 10 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 11 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 12 Medes Medes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 13 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 14 formerly formerly RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 15 called call VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 16 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 17 everyone everyone NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 18 Arians Arians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 20 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 21 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 23 Colchian colchian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 24 woman woman NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 25 Medea Medea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 26 came come VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 27 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 28 Athens Athens NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 29 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 31 Arians Arians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 33 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 34 changed change VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 35 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 36 name name NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 38 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 39 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 40 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 41 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 42 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 43 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 44 Perses Perses NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 45 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 46 son son NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 47 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 48 Perseus Perseus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 49 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 50 Andromeda Andromeda NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 51 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 37 52 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 38 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 38 2 18 18 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 38 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 38 4 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 38 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 38 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 38 7 Medes Medes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 38 8 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-5482 38 9 own own JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 38 10 account account NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 38 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 38 12 themselves -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5482 38 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 39 1 Mythology[edit mythology[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-5482 39 2 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 39 3 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 39 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 39 5 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 39 6 myth myth NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 39 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 39 8 Jason Jason NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 39 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 39 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 39 11 Argonauts Argonauts NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 39 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 39 13 Medea Medea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 39 14 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 39 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 39 16 daughter daughter NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 39 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 39 18 King King NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 39 19 Aeëtes Aeëtes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 39 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 39 21 Colchis Colchis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 39 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 39 23 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 39 24 paternal paternal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 39 25 granddaughter granddaughter NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 39 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 39 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 39 28 sun sun NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 39 29 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 39 30 god god NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 39 31 Helios Helios NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 39 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 40 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 40 2 19 19 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 40 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 40 4 Following follow VBG en-wikipedia-org-5482 40 5 her -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5482 40 6 failed fail VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 40 7 marriage marriage NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 40 8 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 40 9 Jason Jason NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 40 10 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 40 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 40 12 Corinth Corinth NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 40 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 40 14 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 40 15 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 40 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 40 17 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 40 18 reasons reason NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 40 19 depending depend VBG en-wikipedia-org-5482 40 20 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 40 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 40 22 version,[20 version,[20 NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 40 23 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 40 24 she -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5482 40 25 marries marry VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 40 26 King King NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 40 27 Aegeus Aegeus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 40 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 40 29 Athens Athens NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 40 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 40 31 bears bear VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 40 32 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 40 33 son son NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 40 34 Medus Medus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 40 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 1 After after IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 2 failing fail VBG en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 3 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 4 make make VB en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 5 Aegeus Aegeus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 6 kill kill VB en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 7 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 8 older old JJR en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 9 son son NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 10 Theseus Theseus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 12 she -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 14 her -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 15 son son NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 16 fled flee VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 17 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 18 Aria Aria NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 20 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 22 Medes Medes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 23 take take VBP en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 24 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 25 name name NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 26 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 27 her -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 29 according accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 30 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 31 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 32 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 33 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 34 later later JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 35 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 36 accounts account NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 38 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 39 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 40 Pausanias Pausanias NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 41 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 42 Description description NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 43 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 44 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 45 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 46 1st 1st JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 47 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 48 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 49 AD ad NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 50 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 41 51 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 2 21 21 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 4 According accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 5 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 6 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 7 versions version NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 9 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 10 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 12 Strabo Strabo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 13 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 14 Geographica Geographica NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 15 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 16 1st 1st JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 17 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 18 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 19 AD ad NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 20 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 22 Justin Justin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 23 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 24 Epitoma Epitoma NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 25 Historiarum Historiarum NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 26 Philippicarum Philippicarum NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 27 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 28 2nd 2nd JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 29 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 30 3rd 3rd JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 31 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 32 AD AD NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 33 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 35 she -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 36 returned return VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 37 home home RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 38 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 39 conquer conquer VB en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 40 neighboring neighboring NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 41 lands land NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 42 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 43 her -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 44 husband husband NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 45 Jason Jason NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 46 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 47 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 48 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 49 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 50 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 51 named name VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 52 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 53 her -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 54 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 55 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 56 another another DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 57 version version NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 58 related relate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 59 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 60 Diodorus Diodorus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 61 Siculus Siculus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 62 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 63 Bibliotheca Bibliotheca NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 64 Historica Historica NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 65 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 66 1st 1st JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 67 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 68 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 69 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 70 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 71 states state VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 72 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 73 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 74 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 75 exiled exile VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 76 she -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 77 married marry VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 78 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 79 Asian asian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 80 king king NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 81 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 82 bore bore NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 83 Medus Medus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 84 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 85 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 86 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 87 greatly greatly RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 88 admired admired JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 89 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 90 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 91 courage courage NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 92 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 93 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 94 whom whom WP en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 95 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 96 took take VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 97 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 98 name name NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 42 99 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 43 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 43 2 22 22 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 43 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 43 4 Archaeology[edit archaeology[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 43 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 43 6 Excavation excavation NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 43 7 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 43 8 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 43 9 Ecbatana Ecbatana NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 43 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 43 11 Hamadan Hamadan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 43 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 43 13 Iran Iran NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 43 14 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 43 15 discoveries discovery NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 43 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 43 17 Median median JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 43 18 sites site NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 43 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 43 20 Iran Iran NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 43 21 happened happen VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 43 22 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 43 23 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 43 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 43 25 1960s 1960s CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 43 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 2 23 23 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 4 Prior prior RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 5 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 7 1960s 1960 NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 10 search search NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 11 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 12 Median median JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 13 archeological archeological JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 14 sources source NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 15 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 16 mostly mostly RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 17 focused focus VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 19 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 20 area area NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 21 known know VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 22 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 24 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 25 Median median JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 26 triangle triangle NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 27 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 29 defined define VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 30 roughly roughly RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 31 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 33 region region NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 34 bounded bound VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 35 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 36 Hamadān Hamadān NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 37 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 38 Malāyer Malāyer NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 39 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 40 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 41 Hamadan Hamadan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 42 Province Province NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 43 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 44 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 45 Kangāvar Kangāvar NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 46 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 47 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 48 Kermanshah Kermanshah NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 49 Province Province NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 50 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 44 51 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 45 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 45 2 23 23 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 45 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 45 4 Three three CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 45 5 major major JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 45 6 sites site NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 45 7 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 45 8 central central JJ 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46 15 site site NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 46 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 46 17 Median median JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 46 18 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 46 19 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 46 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 46 21 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 46 22 site site NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 46 23 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 46 24 located locate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 46 25 14 14 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 46 26   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 46 27 km km VBG en-wikipedia-org-5482 46 28 west west RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 46 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 46 30 Malāyer Malāyer NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 46 31 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 46 32 Hamadan Hamadan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 46 33 province province NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 46 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 47 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 47 2 23 23 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 47 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 47 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 47 5 excavations excavation NNS 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CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 51 27 silver silver NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 51 28 mica mica NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 51 29 temper temper NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 51 30 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 51 31 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-5482 51 32 jars jar NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 51 33 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 51 34 various various JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 51 35 size size NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 51 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 51 37 largest large JJS en-wikipedia-org-5482 51 38 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 51 39 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5482 51 40 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 51 41 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 51 42 form form NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 51 43 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 51 44 ribbed rib VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 51 45 pithoi pithos NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 51 46 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 52 1 Smaller small JJR en-wikipedia-org-5482 52 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 52 3 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-5482 52 4 elaborate elaborate JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 52 5 vessels vessel NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 52 6 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 52 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 52 8 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 52 9 grey grey JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 52 10 ware ware NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 52 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 52 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 52 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 52 14 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 52 15 display display NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 52 16 smoothed smooth VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 52 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 52 18 burnished burnish VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 52 19 surface surface NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 52 20 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 52 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 53 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 53 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 53 3 cooking cooking NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 53 4 ware ware NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 53 5 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 53 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 53 7 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 53 8 crumbly crumbly RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 53 9 ware ware NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 53 10 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 53 11 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5482 53 12 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 53 13 recognized recognize VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 53 14 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 53 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 53 16 single single JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 53 17 handmade handmade JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 53 18 products product NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 53 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 54 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 54 2 26 26 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 54 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 54 4 Godin Godin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 54 5 Tepe Tepe NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 54 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 54 7 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5482 54 8 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 54 9 II ii CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 54 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5482 54 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 54 12 fortified fortified JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 54 13 palace palace NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 54 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 54 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 54 16 Median median JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 54 17 king king NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 54 18 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 54 19 tribal tribal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 54 20 chief chief NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 54 21 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 54 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 54 23 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 54 24 site site NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 54 25 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 54 26 located locate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 54 27 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 54 28   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 54 29 km km NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 54 30 east east RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 54 31 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 54 32 Kangāvar Kangāvar NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 54 33 city city NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 54 34 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 54 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 54 36 left left JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 54 37 bank bank NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 54 38 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 54 39 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 54 40 river river NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 54 41 Gamas Gamas NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 54 42 Āb Āb NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 54 43 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 54 44 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 55 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 55 2 excavations excavation NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 55 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 55 4 started start VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 55 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 55 6 1965 1965 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 55 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 55 8 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 55 9 led lead VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 55 10 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 55 11 T. T. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 55 12 C. C. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 55 13 Young Young NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 55 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 55 15 Jr. Jr. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 55 16 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5482 55 17 according accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-5482 55 18 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 55 19 David David NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 55 20 Stronach Stronach NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 55 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 55 22 evidently evidently RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 55 23 shows show VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 55 24 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 55 25 important important JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 55 26 Bronze Bronze NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 55 27 Age Age NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 55 28 construction construction NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 55 29 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5482 55 30 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 55 31 reoccupied reoccupie VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 55 32 sometime sometime RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 55 33 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 55 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 55 35 beginning beginning NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 55 36 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 55 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 55 38 Iron Iron NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 55 39 III iii CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 55 40 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 55 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 56 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 56 2 excavations excavation NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 56 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 56 4 Young Young NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 56 5 indicate indicate VBP en-wikipedia-org-5482 56 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 56 7 remains remain NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 56 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 56 9 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 56 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 56 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 56 12 single single JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 56 13 residence residence NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 56 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 56 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 56 16 local local JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 56 17 ruler ruler NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 56 18 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5482 56 19 later later RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 56 20 became become VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 56 21 quite quite RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 56 22 substantial substantial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 56 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 57 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 57 2 23 23 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 57 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 57 4 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 57 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 57 6 similar similar JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 57 7 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 57 8 those those DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 57 9 mentioned mention VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 57 10 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 57 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 57 12 Assyrian assyrian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 57 13 sources source NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 57 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 58 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 58 2 24 24 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 58 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 58 4 Babajan Babajan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 58 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 58 6 probably probably RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 58 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 58 8 seat seat NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 58 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 58 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 58 11 lesser less JJR en-wikipedia-org-5482 58 12 tribal tribal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 58 13 ruler ruler NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 58 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 58 15 Media Media NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 58 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 58 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 59 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 59 2 site site NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 59 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 59 4 located locate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 59 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 59 6 northeastern northeastern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 59 7 Lorestan Lorestan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 59 8 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 59 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 59 10 distance distance NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 59 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 59 12 roughly roughly RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 59 13 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 59 14   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 59 15 km km RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 59 16 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 59 17 Nūrābād Nūrābād NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 59 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 59 19 Lorestan Lorestan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 59 20 province province NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 59 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 60 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 60 2 excavations excavation NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 60 3 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 60 4 conducted conduct VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 60 5 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 60 6 C. C. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 60 7 Goff Goff NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 60 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 60 9 1966–69 1966–69 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 60 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 61 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 61 2 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 61 3 level level NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 61 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 61 5 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 61 6 site site NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 61 7 probably probably RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 61 8 dates date VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 61 9 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 61 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 61 11 7th 7th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 61 12 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 61 13 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 61 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 62 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 62 2 27 27 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 62 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 62 4 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 62 5 sources source NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 62 6 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-5482 62 7 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 62 8 similarities similarity NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 62 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 62 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 62 11 cultural cultural JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 62 12 characteristics characteristic NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 62 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 62 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 62 15 differences difference NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 62 16 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 62 17 due due JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 62 18 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 62 19 functional functional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 62 20 differences difference NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 62 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 62 22 diversity diversity NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 62 23 among among IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 62 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 62 25 Median median JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 62 26 tribes tribe NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 62 27 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 62 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 2 24 24 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 5 architecture architecture NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 7 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 8 archaeological archaeological JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 9 findings finding NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 11 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 12 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 13 probably probably RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 14 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 15 dated date VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 16 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 18 Median median JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 19 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 21 show show VBP en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 22 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 23 link link NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 24 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 26 tradition tradition NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 28 columned columned JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 29 audience audience NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 30 halls hall NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 31 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 32 seen see VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 33 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 35 Achaemenid Achaemenid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 36 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 37 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 38 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 39 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 40 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 41 Persepolis Persepolis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 42 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 43 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 44 Safavid Safavid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 45 Iran Iran NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 46 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 47 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 48 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 49 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 50 Chehel Chehel NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 51 Sotoun Sotoun NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 52 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 53 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 54 17th 17th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 55 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 56 AD AD NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 57 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 58 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 59 what what WP en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 60 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 61 seen see VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 62 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 63 Median median JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 64 architecture architecture NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 63 65 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 2 24 24 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 5 materials material NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 6 found find VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 7 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 8 Tepe Tepe NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 9 Nush Nush NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 10 - - : en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 11 i i NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 12 Jan Jan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 14 Godin Godin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 15 Tepe Tepe NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 18 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 19 sites site NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 20 located locate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 22 Media medium NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 23 together together RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 24 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 26 Assyrian assyrian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 27 reliefs relief NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 28 show show VBP en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 30 existence existence NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 31 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 32 urban urban JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 33 settlements settlement NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 34 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 35 Media Media NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 36 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 38 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 39 half half NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 40 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 41 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 42 1st 1st JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 43 millennium millennium NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 44 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 45 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 46 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 47 functioned function VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 48 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 49 centres centre NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 50 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 51 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 52 production production NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 53 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 54 handicrafts handicraft NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 55 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 56 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 57 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 58 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 59 agricultural agricultural JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 60 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 61 cattle cattle NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 62 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 63 breeding breed VBG en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 64 economy economy NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 65 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 66 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 67 secondary secondary JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 68 type type NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 64 69 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 65 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 65 2 28 28 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 65 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 65 4 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 65 5 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 65 6 historical historical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 65 7 documentation documentation NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 65 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 65 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 65 10 archaeological archaeological JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 65 11 evidence evidence NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 65 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 65 13 though though IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 65 14 rare rare JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 65 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 65 16 together together RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 65 17 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 65 18 cuneiform cuneiform NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 65 19 records record NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 65 20 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 65 21 Assyrian Assyrian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 65 22 make make VB en-wikipedia-org-5482 65 23 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5482 65 24 possible possible JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 65 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 65 26 regardless regardless RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 65 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 65 28 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 65 29 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-5482 65 30 accounts account NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 65 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 65 32 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5482 65 33 establish establish VB en-wikipedia-org-5482 65 34 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 65 35 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 65 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 65 37 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 65 38 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 65 39 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 65 40 Medians Medians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 65 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 66 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 66 2 29 29 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 66 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 66 4 Geography[edit Geography[edit `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 66 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 66 6 An an DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 66 7 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 66 8 description description NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 66 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 66 10 Media medium NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 66 11 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 66 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 66 13 end end NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 66 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 66 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 66 16 9th 9th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 66 17 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 66 18 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 66 19 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 66 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 66 21 beginning beginning NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 66 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 66 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 66 24 7th 7th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 66 25 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 66 26 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 66 27 comes come VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 66 28 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 66 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 66 30 Assyrians Assyrians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 66 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 67 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 67 2 southern southern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 67 3 border border NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 67 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 67 5 Media Media NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 67 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 67 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 67 8 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 67 9 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 67 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 67 11 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 67 12 named name VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 67 13 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 67 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 67 15 Elamite elamite JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 67 16 region region NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 67 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 67 18 Simaški Simaški NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 67 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 67 20 present present JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 67 21 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 67 22 day day NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 67 23 Lorestan Lorestan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 67 24 Province Province NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 67 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 68 1 To to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 68 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 68 3 west west NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 68 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 68 5 northwest northwest NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 68 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 68 7 Media Media NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 68 8 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 68 9 bounded bound VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 68 10 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 68 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 68 12 Zagros Zagros NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 68 13 Mountains Mountains NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 68 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 68 15 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 68 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 68 17 east east NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 68 18 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 68 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 68 20 Dasht Dasht NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 68 21 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 68 22 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 68 23 Kavir Kavir NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 68 24 desert desert NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 68 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 69 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 69 2 region region NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 69 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 69 4 Media medium NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 69 5 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 69 6 ruled rule VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 69 7 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 69 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 69 9 Assyrians Assyrians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 69 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 69 11 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 69 12 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5482 69 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 69 14 region region NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 69 15 fell fall VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 69 16 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 69 17 along along IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 69 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 69 19 Great Great NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 69 20 Khorasan Khorasan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 69 21 Road Road NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 69 22 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 69 23 just just RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 69 24 east east RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 69 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 69 26 Harhar Harhar NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 69 27 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 69 28 Alwand Alwand NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 69 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 69 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 69 31 probably probably RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 69 32 beyond beyond IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 69 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 70 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 70 2 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 70 3 30 30 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 70 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 70 5 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 70 6 location location NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 70 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 70 8 Harhar Harhar NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 70 9 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 70 10 suggested suggest VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 70 11 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5482 70 12 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5482 70 13 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 70 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 70 15 central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 70 16 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 70 17 eastern eastern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 70 18 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 70 19 Mahidasht Mahidasht NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 70 20 District District NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 70 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 70 22 Kermanshah Kermanshah NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 70 23 Province Province NNP 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6 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 84 7 larger large JJR en-wikipedia-org-5482 84 8 areas area NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 84 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 85 1 Subsequently subsequently RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 85 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 85 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 85 4 boundaries boundary NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 85 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 85 6 Media medium NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 85 7 changed change VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 85 8 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 85 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 85 10 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 85 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 85 12 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 85 13 hundred hundred CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 85 14 years year NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 85 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 86 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 86 2 35 35 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 86 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 86 4 Iranian iranian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 86 5 tribes tribe NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 86 6 were be 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these these DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 87 9 regions region NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 87 10 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 87 11 established establish VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 87 12 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 87 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 87 14 beginning beginning NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 87 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 87 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 87 17 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 87 18 half half NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 87 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 87 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 87 21 8th 8th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 87 22 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 87 23 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 87 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 88 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 88 2 36 36 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 88 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 88 4 By by IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 88 5 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 88 6 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 88 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 88 8 Iranian iranian JJ 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en-wikipedia-org-5482 89 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 89 4 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 89 5 study study NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 89 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 89 7 textual textual JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 89 8 sources source NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 89 9 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 89 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 89 11 region region NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 89 12 shows show VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 89 13 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 89 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 89 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 89 16 Neo Neo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 89 17 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 89 18 Assyrian assyrian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 89 19 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 89 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 89 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 89 22 regions region NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 89 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 89 24 Media medium NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 89 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 89 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 89 27 further far RBR en-wikipedia-org-5482 89 28 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 89 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 89 30 west west NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 89 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 89 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 89 33 northwest northwest NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 89 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 89 35 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 89 36 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 89 37 population population NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 89 38 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 89 39 Iranian iranian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 89 40 speaking speak VBG en-wikipedia-org-5482 89 41 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 89 42 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 89 43 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 89 44 majority majority NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 89 45 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 90 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 90 2 37 37 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 90 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 90 4 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 90 5 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 90 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 90 7 migration migration NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 90 8 coincided coincide VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 90 9 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 90 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 90 11 power power NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 90 12 vacuum vacuum NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 90 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 90 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 90 15 Near Near NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 90 16 East East NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 90 17 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 90 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 90 19 Middle Middle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 90 20 Assyrian Assyrian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 90 21 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 90 22 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 90 23 1365–1020 1365–1020 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 90 24 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 90 25 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 90 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 90 27 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5482 90 28 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 90 29 dominated dominate VBN 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91 9 settle settle VB en-wikipedia-org-5482 91 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 92 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 92 2 addition addition NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 92 3 Elam Elam NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 92 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 92 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 92 6 dominant dominant JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 92 7 power power NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 92 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 92 9 Iran Iran NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 92 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 92 11 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 92 12 suffering suffer VBG en-wikipedia-org-5482 92 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 92 14 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 92 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 92 16 severe severe JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 92 17 weakness weakness NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 92 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 92 19 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 92 20 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 92 21 Babylonia Babylonia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 92 22 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 92 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 92 24 west west NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 92 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 93 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 93 2 western western JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 93 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 93 4 northwestern northwestern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 93 5 Iran Iran NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 93 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 93 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 93 8 areas area NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 93 9 further further RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 93 10 west west RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 93 11 prior prior RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 93 12 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 93 13 Median median JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 93 14 rule rule NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 93 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 93 16 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-5482 93 17 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 93 18 evidence evidence NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 93 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 93 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 93 21 earlier early JJR en-wikipedia-org-5482 93 22 political political JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 93 23 activity activity NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 93 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 93 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 93 26 powerful powerful JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 93 27 societies society NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 93 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 93 29 Elam Elam NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 93 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 93 31 Mannaea Mannaea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 93 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 93 33 Assyria Assyria NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 93 34 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 93 35 Urartu Urartu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 93 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 94 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 94 2 36 36 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 94 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 94 4 There there EX en-wikipedia-org-5482 94 5 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5482 94 6 various various JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 94 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 94 8 up up RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 94 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 94 10 dated date VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 94 11 opinions opinion NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 94 12 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 94 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 94 14 positions position NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 94 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 94 16 activities activity NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 94 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 94 18 Iranian iranian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 94 19 tribes tribe NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 94 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 94 21 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 94 22 societies society NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 94 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 94 24 prior prior RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 94 25 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 94 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 94 27 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 94 28 major major JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 94 29 Iranian iranian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 94 30 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 94 31 formations formation NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 94 32 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 94 33 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 94 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 94 35 late late JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 94 36 7th 7th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 94 37 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 94 38 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 94 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 95 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 95 2 36 36 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 95 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 95 4 One one CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 95 5 opinion opinion NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 95 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 95 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 95 8 Herzfeld Herzfeld NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 95 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 95 10 et et NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 95 11 al al NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 95 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 95 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 96 1 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 96 2 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 96 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 96 4 ruling rule VBG en-wikipedia-org-5482 96 5 class class NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 96 6 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 96 7 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 96 8 Iranian iranian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 96 9 migrants migrant NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 96 10 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 96 11 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 96 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 96 13 society society NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 96 14 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 96 15 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 96 16 autonomous autonomous JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 96 17 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 96 18 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 96 19 another another DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 96 20 opinion opinion NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 96 21 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 96 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 96 23 Grantovsky Grantovsky NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 96 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 96 25 et et NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 96 26 al al NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 96 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 96 28 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 97 1 holds hold VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 97 2 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 97 3 both both CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 97 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 97 5 ruling rule VBG en-wikipedia-org-5482 97 6 class class NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 97 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 97 8 basic basic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 97 9 elements element NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 97 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 97 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 97 12 population population NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 97 13 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 97 14 Iranian iranian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 97 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 2 38 38 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 4 Rhyton Rhyton NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 7 shape shape NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 10 ram ram NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 11 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 12 head head NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 14 gold gold NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 15 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 16 western western JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 17 Iran Iran NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 18 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 19 Median median JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 21 late late JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 22 7th 7th NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 23 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 24 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 25 6th 6th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 26 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 27 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 28 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 29 neighboring neighbor VBG en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 30 Neo Neo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 31 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 32 Babylonian Babylonian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 33 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 34 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 35 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 36 greatest great JJS en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 37 extent extent NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 38 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 39 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 40 destruction destruction NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 41 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 42 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 43 Neo Neo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 44 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 45 Assyrian Assyrian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 46 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 47 Protoma Protoma NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 48 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 49 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 50 form form NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 51 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 52 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 53 bull bull NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 54 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 55 head head NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 56 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 57 8th 8th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 58 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 59 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 60 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 61 gold gold NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 62 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 63 filigree filigree NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 64 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 65 National National NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 66 Museum Museum NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 67 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 68 Warsaw Warsaw NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 69 Rise Rise NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 70 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 71 fall[edit fall[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 72 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 73 From from IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 74 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 75 10th 10th NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 76 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 77 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 78 late late JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 79 7th 7th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 80 centuries century NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 81 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 82 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 83 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 84 western western JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 85 parts part NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 86 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 87 Media medium NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 88 fell fall VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 89 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 90 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 91 domination domination NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 92 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 93 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 94 vast vast JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 95 Neo Neo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 96 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 97 Assyrian Assyrian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 98 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 99 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 100 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 101 northern northern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 102 Mesopotamia Mesopotamia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 103 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 104 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 105 stretched stretch VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 106 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 107 Cyprus Cyprus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 108 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 109 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 110 west west NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 111 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 112 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 113 parts part NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 114 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 115 western western JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 116 Iran Iran NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 117 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 118 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 119 east east NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 120 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 121 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 122 Egypt Egypt NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 123 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 124 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 125 north north NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 126 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 127 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 128 Arabian Arabian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 129 Peninsula Peninsula NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 98 130 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 99 1 Assyrian assyrian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 99 2 kings king NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 99 3 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 99 4 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 99 5 Tiglath Tiglath NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 99 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 99 7 Pileser Pileser NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 99 8 III III NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 99 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 99 10 Sargon Sargon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 99 11 II II NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 99 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 99 13 Sennacherib Sennacherib NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 99 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 99 15 Esarhaddon Esarhaddon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 99 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 99 17 Ashurbanipal Ashurbanipal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 99 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 99 19 Ashur Ashur NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 99 20 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 99 21 etil etil NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 99 22 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 99 23 ilani ilani NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 99 24 imposed impose VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 99 25 Vassal Vassal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 99 26 Treaties Treaties NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 99 27 upon upon IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 99 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 99 29 Median median JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 99 30 rulers ruler NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 99 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 99 32 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 99 33 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 99 34 protected protect VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 99 35 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5482 99 36 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 99 37 predatory predatory NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 99 38 raids raid NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 99 39 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 99 40 marauding maraud VBG en-wikipedia-org-5482 99 41 Scythians Scythians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 99 42 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 99 43 Cimmerians Cimmerians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 99 44 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 100 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 100 2 39 39 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 100 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 100 4 During during IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 100 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 100 6 reign reign NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 100 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 100 8 Sinsharishkun Sinsharishkun NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 100 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 100 10 622–612 622–612 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 100 11 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 100 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 100 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 100 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 100 15 Assyrian assyrian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 100 16 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 100 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 100 18 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5482 100 19 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 100 20 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 100 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 100 22 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 100 23 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 100 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 100 25 constant constant JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 100 26 civil civil JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 100 27 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 100 28 since since IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 100 29 626 626 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 100 30 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 100 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 100 32 began begin VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 100 33 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5482 100 34 unravel unravel VB en-wikipedia-org-5482 100 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 101 1 Subject subject JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 101 2 peoples people NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 101 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 101 4 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 101 5 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 101 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 101 7 Medes Medes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 101 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 101 9 Babylonians Babylonians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 101 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 101 11 Chaldeans Chaldeans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 101 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 101 13 Egyptians Egyptians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 101 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 101 15 Scythians Scythians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 101 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 101 17 Cimmerians Cimmerians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 101 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 101 19 Lydians Lydians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 101 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 101 21 Arameans Arameans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 101 22 quietly quietly RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 101 23 ceased cease VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 101 24 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5482 101 25 pay pay VB en-wikipedia-org-5482 101 26 tribute tribute NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 101 27 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 101 28 Assyria Assyria NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 101 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 1 Neo Neo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 3 Assyrian assyrian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 4 dominance dominance NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 5 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 7 Medians Medians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 8 came come VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 9 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 10 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 11 end end NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 12 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 14 reign reign NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 16 Median Median NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 17 King King NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 18 Cyaxares Cyaxares NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 20 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 23 alliance alliance NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 24 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 25 King King NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 26 Nabopolassar Nabopolassar NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 29 Neo Neo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 30 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 31 Babylonian Babylonian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 32 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 34 attacked attack VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 35 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 36 destroyed destroy VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 38 strife strife NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 39 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 40 riven riven NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 41 Neo Neo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 42 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 43 Assyrian assyrian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 44 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 45 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 46 616 616 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 47 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 48 609 609 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 49 BC bc NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 102 50 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 103 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 103 2 40 40 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 103 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 103 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 103 5 newfound newfound JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 103 6 alliance alliance NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 103 7 helped help VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 103 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 103 9 Medes Medes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 103 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5482 103 11 capture capture VB en-wikipedia-org-5482 103 12 Nineveh Nineveh NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 103 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 103 14 612 612 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 103 15 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 103 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 103 17 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5482 103 18 resulted result VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 103 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 103 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 103 21 eventual eventual JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 103 22 collapse collapse NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 103 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 103 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 103 25 Neo Neo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 103 26 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 103 27 Assyrian Assyrian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 103 28 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 103 29 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 103 30 609 609 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 103 31 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 103 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 104 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 104 2 Medes Medes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 104 3 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 104 4 subsequently subsequently RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 104 5 able able JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 104 6 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5482 104 7 establish establish VB en-wikipedia-org-5482 104 8 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5482 104 9 Median Median NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 104 10 Kingdom Kingdom NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 104 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 104 12 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 104 13 Ecbatana Ecbatana NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 104 14 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 104 15 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5482 104 16 royal royal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 104 17 capital capital NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 104 18 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 104 19 beyond beyond IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 104 20 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5482 104 21 original original JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 104 22 homeland homeland NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 104 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 104 24 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 104 25 eventually eventually RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 104 26 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 104 27 territory territory NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 104 28 stretching stretch VBG en-wikipedia-org-5482 104 29 roughly roughly RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 104 30 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 104 31 northeastern northeastern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 104 32 Iran Iran NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 104 33 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 104 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 104 35 Kızılırmak Kızılırmak NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 104 36 River River NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 104 37 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 104 38 Anatolia Anatolia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 104 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 105 1 After after IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 105 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 105 3 fall fall NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 105 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 105 5 Assyria Assyria NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 105 6 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 105 7 616 616 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 105 8 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 105 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 105 10 609 609 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 105 11 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 105 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 105 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 105 14 unified unified JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 105 15 Median median JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 105 16 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 105 17 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 105 18 formed form VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 105 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 105 20 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5482 105 21 together together RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 105 22 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 105 23 Babylonia Babylonia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 105 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 105 25 Lydia Lydia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 105 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 105 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 105 28 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 105 29 Egypt Egypt NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 105 30 became become VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 105 31 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 105 32 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 105 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 105 34 four four CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 105 35 major major JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 105 36 powers power NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 105 37 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 105 38 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 105 39 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 105 40 Near Near NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 105 41 East East NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 105 42 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 106 1 Cyaxares cyaxare NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 106 2 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 106 3 succeeded succeed VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 106 4 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 106 5 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5482 106 6 son son NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 106 7 King King NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 106 8 Astyages Astyages NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 106 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 107 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 107 2 553 553 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 107 3 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 107 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 107 5 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5482 107 6 maternal maternal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 107 7 grandson grandson NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 107 8 Cyrus Cyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 107 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 107 10 Great Great NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 107 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 107 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 107 13 King King NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 107 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 107 15 Anshan Anshan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 107 16 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5482 107 17 Persia Persia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 107 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 107 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 107 20 Median median JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 107 21 vassal vassal NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 107 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 107 23 revolted revolt VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 107 24 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 107 25 Astyages astyage NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 107 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 108 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 108 2 550 550 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 108 3 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 108 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 108 5 Cyrus Cyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 108 6 finally finally RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 108 7 won win VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 108 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 108 9 decisive decisive JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 108 10 victory victory NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 108 11 resulting result VBG en-wikipedia-org-5482 108 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 108 13 Astyages astyage NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 108 14 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-5482 108 15 capture capture NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 108 16 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 108 17 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5482 108 18 own own JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 108 19 dissatisfied dissatisfied JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 108 20 nobles noble NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 108 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 108 22 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-5482 108 23 promptly promptly RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 108 24 turned turn VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 108 25 him -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5482 108 26 over over RP en-wikipedia-org-5482 108 27 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 108 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 108 29 triumphant triumphant NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 108 30 Cyrus Cyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 108 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 109 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 109 2 41 41 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 109 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 109 4 After after IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 109 5 Cyrus Cyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 109 6 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5482 109 7 victory victory NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 109 8 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 109 9 Astyages Astyages NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 109 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 109 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 109 12 Medes Medes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 109 13 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 109 14 subjected subject VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 109 15 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 109 16 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5482 109 17 close close JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 109 18 kin kin NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 109 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 109 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 109 21 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 109 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 2 42 42 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 6 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 7 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 8 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 9 retained retain VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 11 prominent prominent JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 12 position position NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 13 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 15 honour honour NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 17 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 19 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 20 stood stand VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 21 next next RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 22 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 24 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 25 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 26 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 27 court court NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 28 ceremony ceremony NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 29 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 30 adopted adopt VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 31 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 33 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 34 sovereigns sovereign NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 36 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 37 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 38 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 39 summer summer NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 40 months month NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 41 resided reside VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 42 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 43 Ecbatana Ecbatana NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 44 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 45 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 46 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 47 noble noble JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 48 Medes Medes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 49 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 50 employed employ VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 51 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 52 officials official NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 53 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 54 satraps satrap NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 55 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 56 generals general NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 110 57 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 111 1 Median Median NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 111 2 dynasty[edit dynasty[edit , en-wikipedia-org-5482 111 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 111 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 111 5 list list NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 111 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 111 7 Median median JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 111 8 rulers ruler NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 111 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 111 10 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5482 111 11 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 111 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 111 13 reign reign NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 111 14 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 111 15 compiled compile VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 111 16 according accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-5482 111 17 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 111 18 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 111 19 sources source NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 111 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 112 1 Firstly firstly RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 112 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 112 3 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 112 4 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-5482 112 5 calls call VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 112 6 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5482 112 7 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 112 8 kings king NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 112 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 112 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 112 11 associates associate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 112 12 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5482 112 13 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 112 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 112 15 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 112 16 family family NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 112 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 113 1 Secondly secondly RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 113 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 113 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 113 4 Babylonian babylonian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 113 5 Chronicle Chronicle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 113 6 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5482 113 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 113 8 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 113 9 Gadd Gadd NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 113 10 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5482 113 11 Chronicle Chronicle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 113 12 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 113 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 113 14 Fall fall NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 113 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 113 16 Nineveh Nineveh NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 113 17 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 113 18 gives give VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 113 19 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5482 113 20 own own JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 113 21 list list NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 113 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 2 combined combined JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 3 list list NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 4 stretching stretch VBG en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 5 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 6 150 150 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 7 years year NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 8 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 9 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 11 Deioces deioce NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 13 700–647 700–647 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 14 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 16 Phraortes Phraortes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 17 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 18 647–625 647–625 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 19 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 20 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 21 Scythian scythian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 22 rule rule NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 23 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 24 624–597 624–597 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 25 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 26 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 27 Cyaxares cyaxare NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 28 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 29 624–585 624–585 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 30 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 31 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 32 Astyages astyage NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 33 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 34 585–549 585–549 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 35 BC)[43 BC)[43 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 36 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 37 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 39 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 40 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 41 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 42 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 43 dates date NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 44 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 45 personalities personality NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 46 given give VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 47 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 48 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 49 match match NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 50 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 51 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 52 near near IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 53 eastern eastern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 54 sources source NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 114 55 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 115 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 115 2 43 43 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 115 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 115 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 115 5 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 115 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 115 7 book book NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 115 8 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 115 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 115 10 chapters chapter NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 115 11 95–130 95–130 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 115 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 115 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 115 14 Deioces Deioces NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 115 15 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 115 16 introduced introduce VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 115 17 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 115 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 115 19 founder founder NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 115 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 115 21 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 115 22 centralised centralised JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 115 23 Median median JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 115 24 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 115 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 1 He -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 2 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 3 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 4 known know VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 5 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 7 Median median JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 8 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 9 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 10 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 12 just just JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 14 incorruptible incorruptible JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 15 man man NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 16 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 18 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 19 asked ask VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 20 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 22 Median median JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 23 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 24 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 25 solve solve VB en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 26 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 27 possible possible JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 28 disputes dispute NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 29 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 30 agreed agree VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 32 put put VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 33 forward forward RP en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 35 condition condition NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 36 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 37 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 38 make make VBP en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 39 him -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 40 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 41 king king NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 42 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 43 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 44 build build VB en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 45 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 46 great great JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 47 city city NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 48 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 49 Ecbatana Ecbatana NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 50 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 51 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 52 capital capital NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 53 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 54 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 55 Median median JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 56 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 116 57 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 117 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 117 2 44 44 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 117 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 117 4 Judging judge VBG en-wikipedia-org-5482 117 5 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 117 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 117 7 contemporary contemporary JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 117 8 sources source NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 117 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 117 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 117 11 region region NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 117 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 117 13 disregarding[45 disregarding[45 NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 117 14 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 117 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 117 16 account account NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 117 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 117 18 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 117 19 puts put VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 117 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 117 21 formation formation NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 117 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 117 23 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 117 24 unified unified JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 117 25 Median median JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 117 26 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 117 27 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 117 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 117 29 reign reign NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 117 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 117 31 Cyaxares Cyaxares NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 117 32 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 117 33 later later RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 117 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 2 46 46 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 4 Culture culture NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 6 society[edit society[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 7 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 8 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 9 references reference NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 10 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 11 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 12 Median median JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 13 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 14 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 15 make make VBP en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 16 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 17 clear clear JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 18 distinction distinction NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 19 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 21 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 22 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 23 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 26 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 27 Medians Medians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 28 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 29 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 30 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 31 fact fact NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 32 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 33 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 34 Greek Greek NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 35 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 36 become become VB en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 37 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 38 too too RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 39 closely closely RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 40 associated associate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 41 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 42 Iranian iranian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 43 culture culture NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 44 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 45 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 46 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 47 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 48 become become VB en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 49 Medianized medianized JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 50 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 51 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 52 Persianized persianize VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 53 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 118 54 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 2 24 24 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 5 Median Median NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 6 Kingdom Kingdom NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 7 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 9 short short RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 11 lived live VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 12 Iranian iranian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 13 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 16 textual textual JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 18 archaeological archaeological JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 19 sources source NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 21 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 22 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 23 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 24 rare rare JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 26 little little JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 27 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 28 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 29 known know VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 30 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 32 Median median JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 33 culture culture NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 34 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 35 nevertheless nevertheless RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 36 made make VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 37 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 38 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 39 profound profound JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 41 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 42 lasting last VBG en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 44 contribution contribution NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 45 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 46 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 47 greater great JJR en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 48 world world NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 49 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 50 Iranian iranian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 51 culture culture NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 119 52 " 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122 6 deciphered deciphered JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 122 7 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 122 8 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 122 9 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 122 10 proven prove VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 122 11 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5482 122 12 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-5482 122 13 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 122 14 written write VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 122 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 122 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 122 17 Median median JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 122 18 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 122 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 123 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5482 123 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 123 3 suggested suggest VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 123 4 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 123 5 similar similar JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 123 6 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 123 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 123 8 later later JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 123 9 Iranian iranian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 123 10 practice 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NFP en-wikipedia-org-5482 142 14 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 142 15 vispa- vispa- NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 142 16 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5482 142 17 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 142 18 all"[59 all"[59 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 142 19 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 142 20 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 142 21 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 142 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 142 23 Avestan Avestan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 142 24 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 142 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 143 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 143 2 component component NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 143 3 appears appear VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 143 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 143 5 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 143 6 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 143 7 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 143 8 vispafryā vispafryā NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 143 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 143 10 Med Med NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 143 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 144 1 fem fem NNP 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en-wikipedia-org-5482 147 17 Median median JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 147 18 word word NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 147 19 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 147 20 attested attest VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 147 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 147 22 * * NFP en-wikipedia-org-5482 147 23 xšaθra xšaθra NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 147 24 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 147 25 pā- pā- NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 147 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 147 27 continued continue VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 147 28 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 147 29 Middle middle JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 147 30 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 147 31 šahr šahr VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 147 32 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 147 33 land land NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 147 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 147 35 country country NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 147 36 ; ; , en-wikipedia-org-5482 147 37 city city NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 147 38 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 147 39 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 147 40 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 147 41 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 147 42 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 147 43 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 147 44 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 147 45 whose whose WP$ en-wikipedia-org-5482 147 46 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 147 47 form form NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 147 48 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 147 49 known know VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 147 50 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 147 51 romanized romanize VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 147 52 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 147 53 satrap satrap NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 147 54 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 147 55 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 147 56 Gk Gk NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 147 57 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 148 1 σατράπης σατράπης NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 148 2 satrápēs satrápēs NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 148 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 148 4 mirrors mirror NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 148 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 148 6 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 148 7 opposed oppose VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 148 8 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 148 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 148 10 tradition,[N tradition,[N NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 148 11 3 3 LS en-wikipedia-org-5482 148 12 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 148 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 148 14 Median Median NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 148 15 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 148 16 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 148 17 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 148 18 Old old JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 148 19 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 148 20 form form NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 148 21 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 148 22 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 148 23 attested attest VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 148 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 148 25 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 148 26 xšaça- xšaça- NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 148 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 148 28 xšaçapāvā xšaçapāvā NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 148 29 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 148 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 148 31 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 148 32 Old old JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 148 33 Iranian iranian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 148 34 word word NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 148 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 149 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 149 2 61 61 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 149 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 149 4 zūra- zūra- XX en-wikipedia-org-5482 149 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5482 149 6 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 149 7 evil evil JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 149 8 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 149 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 149 10 zūrakara- zūrakara- XX en-wikipedia-org-5482 149 11 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5482 149 12 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 149 13 evil evil NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 149 14 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 149 15 doer doer NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 149 16 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 149 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 150 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 150 2 51 51 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 150 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 150 4 Religion[edit religion[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 150 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 150 6 Apadana Apadana NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 150 7 Hall Hall NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 150 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 150 9 5th 5th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 150 10 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 150 11 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 150 12 Achaemenid Achaemenid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 150 13 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 150 14 era era NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 150 15 carving carving NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 150 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 150 17 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 150 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 150 19 Median median JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 150 20 soldiers soldier NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 150 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 150 22 traditional traditional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 150 23 costume costume NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 150 24 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 150 25 Medians Medians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 150 26 are be VBP 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personal personal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 151 24 names name NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 151 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 151 26 Median median JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 151 27 individuals individual NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 151 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 151 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 151 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 151 31 Histories Histories NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 151 32 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 151 33 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 151 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 152 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 152 2 archaeological archaeological JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 152 3 source source NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 152 4 gives give VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 152 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 152 6 earliest early JJS en-wikipedia-org-5482 152 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 152 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 152 9 temple temple NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 152 10 structures structure NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 152 11 in in IN 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en-wikipedia-org-5482 152 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 153 1 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 153 2 mentions mention NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 153 3 Median Median NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 153 4 Magi Magi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 153 5 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 153 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 153 7 Median median JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 153 8 tribe tribe NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 153 9 providing provide VBG en-wikipedia-org-5482 153 10 priests priest NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 153 11 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 153 12 both both CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 153 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 153 14 Medes Medes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 153 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 153 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 153 17 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 153 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 154 1 They -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5482 154 2 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 154 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 154 4 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 154 5 priestly priestly RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 154 6 caste caste JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 154 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 154 8 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5482 154 9 passed pass VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 154 10 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5482 154 11 functions function NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 154 12 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 154 13 father father NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 154 14 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 154 15 son son NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 154 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 155 1 They -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5482 155 2 played play VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 155 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 155 4 significant significant JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 155 5 role role NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 155 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 155 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 155 8 court court NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 155 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 155 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 155 11 Median median JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 155 12 king king NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 155 13 Astyages Astyages NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 155 14 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-5482 155 15 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 155 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 155 17 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5482 155 18 court court NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 155 19 certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 155 20 Medians Medians NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 155 21 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 155 22 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 155 23 advisers adviser NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 155 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 155 25 dream dream NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 155 26 interpreters interpreter NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 155 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 155 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 155 29 soothsayers soothsayer NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 155 30 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 155 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 156 1 Classical classical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 156 2 historians historian NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 156 3 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 156 4 unanimously unanimously RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 156 5 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 156 6 regarded regard VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 156 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 156 8 Magi Magi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 156 9 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 156 10 priests priest NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 156 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 156 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 156 13 Zoroastrian zoroastrian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 156 14 faith faith NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 156 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 157 1 From from IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 157 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 157 3 personal personal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 157 4 names name NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 157 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 157 6 Medes Medes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 157 7 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 157 8 recorded record VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 157 9 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 157 10 Assyrians Assyrians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 157 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 157 12 in in IN 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en-wikipedia-org-5482 158 3 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 158 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 158 5 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5482 158 6 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 158 7 familiar familiar JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 158 8 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 158 9 both both CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 158 10 Avestan Avestan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 158 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 158 12 Old Old NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 158 13 Persian Persian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 158 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 158 15 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 158 16 examples example NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 158 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 158 18 theophoric theophoric JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 158 19 names name NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 158 20 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-5482 158 21 Maždakku Maždakku NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 158 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 158 23 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 158 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 158 25 name name NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 158 26 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 158 27 Ahura Ahura NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 158 28 Mazdā Mazdā NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 158 29 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 158 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 159 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 159 2 62 62 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 159 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 159 4 Scholars scholar NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 159 5 disagree disagree VBP en-wikipedia-org-5482 159 6 whether whether IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 159 7 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 159 8 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5482 159 9 indications indication NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 159 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 159 11 Zoroastrian zoroastrian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 159 12 religion religion NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 159 13 amongst amongst IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 159 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 159 15 Medes Medes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 159 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 1 Diakonoff Diakonoff NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 2 believes believe VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 3 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 4 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 5 Astyages astyage NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 7 perhaps perhaps RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 8 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 9 Cyaxares cyaxare NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 10 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 11 already already RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 12 embraced embrace VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 14 religion religion NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 15 derived derive VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 16 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 18 teachings teaching NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 20 Zoroaster Zoroaster NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 21 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 23 Mary Mary NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 24 Boyce Boyce NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 25 believes believe VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 26 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 27 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 29 existence existence NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 32 Magi Magi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 33 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 34 Media Media NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 35 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 36 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 37 own own JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 38 traditions tradition NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 39 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 40 forms form NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 41 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 42 worship worship NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 43 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 44 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 45 obstacle obstacle NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 46 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 47 Zoroastrian Zoroastrian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 48 proselytizing proselytize VBG en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 49 there there RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 50 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 160 51 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 161 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 161 2 62 62 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 161 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 161 4 Boyce Boyce NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 161 5 wrote write VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 161 6 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 161 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 161 8 Zoroastrian zoroastrian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 161 9 traditions tradition NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 161 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 161 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 161 12 Median median JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 161 13 city city NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 161 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 161 15 Ray Ray NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 161 16 probably probably RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 161 17 goes go VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 161 18 back back RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 161 19 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 161 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 161 21 8th 8th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 161 22 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 161 23 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 161 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 162 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 162 2 63 63 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 162 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 162 4 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5482 162 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 162 6 suggested suggest VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 162 7 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 162 8 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 162 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 162 10 8th 8th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 162 11 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 162 12 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 162 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 162 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 162 15 form form NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 162 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 162 17 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 162 18 Mazdaism Mazdaism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 162 19 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 162 20 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 162 21 Iranian iranian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 162 22 traditions tradition NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 162 23 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 162 24 existed exist VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 162 25 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 162 26 Media medium NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 162 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 162 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 162 29 strict strict JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 162 30 reforms reform NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 162 31 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 162 32 Zarathustra Zarathustra NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 162 33 began begin VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 162 34 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5482 162 35 spread spread VB en-wikipedia-org-5482 162 36 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 162 37 western western JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 162 38 Iran Iran NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 162 39 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 162 40 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 162 41 reign reign NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 162 42 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 162 43 the the DT 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en-wikipedia-org-5482 164 5 Median median JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 164 6 name name NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 164 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 164 8 Medes Medes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 164 9 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-5482 164 10 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-5482 164 11 practised practise VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 164 12 Mithraism Mithraism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 164 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 164 14 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 164 15 Mithra Mithra NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 164 16 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 164 17 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5482 164 18 supreme supreme JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 164 19 deity deity NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 164 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 165 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 165 2 64 64 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 165 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 165 4 Kurds Kurds NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 165 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 165 6 Medes[edit medes[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 165 7 ] ] -RRB- 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30 land land NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 165 31 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-5482 165 32 currently currently RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 165 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 165 34 Kurds Kurds NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 165 35 form form VBP en-wikipedia-org-5482 165 36 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 165 37 majority majority NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 165 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 165 39 might may MD en-wikipedia-org-5482 165 40 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-5482 165 41 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 165 42 forefathers forefather NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 165 43 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 165 44 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 165 45 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 165 46 Kurds Kurds NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 165 47 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 166 1 He -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5482 166 2 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 166 3 states state VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 166 4 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 166 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 166 6 Medes Medes NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 166 7 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-5482 166 8 invaded invade VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 166 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 166 10 region region NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 166 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 166 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 166 13 eighth eighth JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 166 14 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 166 15 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 166 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 166 17 linguistically linguistically RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 166 18 resembled resemble VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 166 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 166 20 Kurds Kurds NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 166 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 167 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 167 2 view view NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 167 3 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 167 4 accepted accept VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 167 5 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 167 6 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 167 7 Kurdish kurdish JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 167 8 nationalists nationalist NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 167 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 167 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 167 11 twentieth twentieth JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 167 12 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 167 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 168 1 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 168 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 168 3 Martin Martin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 168 4 van van NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 168 5 Bruinessen Bruinessen NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 168 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 168 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 168 8 Dutch dutch JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 168 9 scholar scholar NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 168 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 168 11 argues argue VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 168 12 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 168 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 168 14 attempt attempt NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 168 15 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5482 168 16 take take VB en-wikipedia-org-5482 168 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 168 18 Medes Medes NNP 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NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 169 41 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 169 42 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 169 43 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 169 44 attestation attestation NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 169 45 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 169 46 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 169 47 Kurds Kurds NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 169 48 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 169 49 - - : en-wikipedia-org-5482 169 50 van van NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 169 51 Bruinessen Bruinessen NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 169 52 Contemporary Contemporary NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 169 53 linguistic linguistic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 169 54 evidence evidence NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 169 55 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 169 56 challenged challenge VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 169 57 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 169 58 previously previously RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 169 59 suggested suggest VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 169 60 view view NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 169 61 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 169 62 the the 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as IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 170 17 Parthian parthian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 170 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 170 19 albeit albeit IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 170 20 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 170 21 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 170 22 Median median JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 170 23 substratum substratum NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 170 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 171 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 171 2 68 68 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 171 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 171 4 David David NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 171 5 Neil Neil NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 171 6 MacKenzie MacKenzie NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 171 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 171 8 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 171 9 authority authority NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 171 10 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 171 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 171 12 Kurdish kurdish JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 171 13 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 171 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 171 15 said say VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 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en-wikipedia-org-5482 176 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 176 2 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 176 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 176 4 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-5482 176 5 A a NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 176 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 176 7 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 176 8 Archaeological archaeological JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 176 9 evidence evidence NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 176 10 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 176 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 176 12 religion religion NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 176 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 176 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 176 15 Iranian Iranian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 176 16 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 176 17 speaking speak VBG en-wikipedia-org-5482 176 18 Medes Medes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 176 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 176 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 176 21 ... ... : en-wikipedia-org-5482 176 22 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 176 23 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 176 24 Diakonoff Diakonoff NNP 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NFP en-wikipedia-org-5482 177 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 177 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 177 7 Medes Medes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 177 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 177 9 Iranians Iranians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 177 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 177 11 what what WP en-wikipedia-org-5482 177 12 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 177 13 now now RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 177 14 north north JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 177 15 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 177 16 west west NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 177 17 Iran Iran NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 177 18 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 177 19 ... ... : en-wikipedia-org-5482 177 20 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 177 21 EIEC EIEC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 177 22 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 177 23 1997:30 1997:30 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 177 24 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 177 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 178 1 C C NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 178 2 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 178 3 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 178 4 ... ... NFP en-wikipedia-org-5482 178 5 succeeded succeed VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 178 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 178 7 uniting unite VBG en-wikipedia-org-5482 178 8 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 178 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 178 10 kingdom kingdom NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 178 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 178 12 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 178 13 Median median JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 178 14 tribes tribe NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 178 15 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 178 16 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 178 17 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 178 18 Encyclopædia Encyclopædia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 178 19 Britannica[4 Britannica[4 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 178 20 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 178 21 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 178 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 179 1 D d LS en-wikipedia-org-5482 179 2 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 179 3 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 179 4 Proto proto JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 179 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 179 6 Iranian iranian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 179 7 split split NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 179 8 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 179 9 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 179 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 179 11 Median Median NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 179 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 179 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 179 14 others other NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 179 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 179 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 179 17 Eastern Eastern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 179 18 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 179 19 Scythian Scythian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 179 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 179 21 Ossetic Ossetic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 179 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 179 23 Saka Saka NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 179 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 179 25 Pamir Pamir NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 179 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 179 27 others other NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 179 28 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 179 29 ... ... . en-wikipedia-org-5482 179 30 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 179 31 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 179 32 Kuz'mina Kuz'mina NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 179 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 179 34 Elena Elena NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 179 35 E. 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M. 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I. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 197 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 197 2 1985 1985 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 197 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 197 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 198 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 198 2 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 198 3 History History NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 198 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 198 5 Iran Iran NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 198 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 199 1 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 199 2 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 199 3 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 199 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 200 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 200 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 200 3 75 75 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 200 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 201 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 201 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 201 3 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 201 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 201 5 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 201 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 201 7 521 521 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 201 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 201 9 20091 20091 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 201 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 201 11 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 201 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 202 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 202 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 202 3 Diaconus Diaconus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 202 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 202 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 202 6 Leo Leo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 202 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 202 8 2005 2005 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 202 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 202 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 203 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 203 2 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 203 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 203 4 Leo Leo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 203 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 203 6 Deacon Deacon NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 203 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5482 203 8 Byzantine Byzantine NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 203 9 Military Military NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 203 10 Expansion Expansion NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 203 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 203 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 203 13 Tenth Tenth NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 203 14 Century Century NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 203 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 204 1 Dumbarton Dumbarton NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 204 2 Oaks Oaks NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 204 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 205 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 205 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 205 3 204 204 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 205 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 206 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 206 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 206 3 9780884023241 9780884023241 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 206 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 207 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 207 2 Boyce Boyce NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 207 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 207 4 Mary Mary NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 207 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 207 6 1982 1982 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 207 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 207 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 208 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 208 2 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 208 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 208 4 Zoroastrianism zoroastrianism NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 208 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5482 208 6 Volume volume NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 208 7 II II NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 208 8 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5482 208 9 Under under IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 208 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 208 11 Achaemenians Achaemenians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 208 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 209 1 BRILL BRILL NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 209 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 210 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 210 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 210 3 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 210 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 210 5 90 90 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 210 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 210 7 04 04 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 210 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 210 9 06506 06506 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 210 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 210 11 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 210 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 211 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 211 2 Zumerchik Zumerchik NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 211 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 211 4 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 211 5 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5482 211 6 Danver Danver NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 211 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 211 8 Steven Steven NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 211 9 Laurence Laurence NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 211 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 211 11 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 211 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 211 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 212 1 Seas sea NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 212 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 212 3 Waterways Waterways NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 212 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 212 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 212 6 World World NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 212 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5482 212 8 An an DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 212 9 Encyclopedia encyclopedia NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 212 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 212 11 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 212 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 212 13 Uses Uses NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 212 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 212 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 212 16 Issues issue NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 212 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 213 1 ABC ABC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 213 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 213 3 CLIO CLIO NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 213 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 214 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 214 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 214 3 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 214 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 214 5 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 214 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 214 7 85109 85109 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 214 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 214 9 711 711 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 214 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 214 11 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 214 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 215 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 215 2 Sabourin Sabourin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 215 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 215 4 Leopold Leopold NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 215 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 215 6 1973 1973 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 215 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 215 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 216 1 Priesthood Priesthood NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 216 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 217 1 Brill Brill NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 217 2 Archive Archive NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 217 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 218 1 GGKEY GGKEY NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 218 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5482 218 3 ZRNUJJQ6GG2 ZRNUJJQ6GG2 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 218 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 219 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 219 2 Travels travel VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 219 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 219 4 Luristan Luristan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 219 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 219 6 Arabistan Arabistan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 219 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 220 1 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 220 2 Madden Madden NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 220 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 220 4 Company Company NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 220 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 221 1 1845 1845 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 221 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 221 3 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 221 4   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 221 5 312 312 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 221 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 222 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 222 2 Christensen Christensen NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 222 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 222 4 Peter Peter NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 222 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 222 6 1993 1993 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 222 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 222 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 223 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 223 2 Decline decline NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 223 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 223 4 Iranshahr Iranshahr NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 223 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5482 223 6 Irrigation irrigation NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 223 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 223 8 Environments environment NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 223 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 223 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 223 11 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 223 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 223 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 223 14 Middle Middle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 223 15 East East NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 223 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 223 17 500 500 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 223 18 B.C. B.C. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 224 1 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 224 2 A.D. A.D. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 224 3 1500 1500 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 224 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 225 1 Museum Museum NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 225 2 Tusculanum Tusculanum NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 225 3 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 225 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 226 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 226 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 226 3 131 131 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 226 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 227 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 227 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 227 3 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 227 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 227 5 87 87 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 227 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 227 7 7289 7289 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 227 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 227 9 259 259 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 227 10 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5482 227 11 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 227 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 228 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 228 2 Thomson Thomson NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 228 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 228 4 James James NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 228 5 Oliver Oliver NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 228 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 228 7 1948 1948 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 228 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 228 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 229 1 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 229 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 229 3 Ancient Ancient NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 229 4 Geography Geography NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 229 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 230 1 Biblo Biblo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 230 2 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 230 3 Tannen Tannen NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 230 4 Publishers Publishers NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 230 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 231 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 231 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 231 3 292 292 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 231 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 232 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 232 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 232 3 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 232 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 232 5 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 232 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 232 7 8196 8196 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 232 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 232 9 0143 0143 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 232 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 232 11 8 8 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 232 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 233 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 233 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 233 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 233 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 233 5 Tavernier Tavernier NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 233 6 2007 2007 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 233 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 233 8 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 233 9   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 233 10 27 27 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 233 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 233 12 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 233 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 233 14 Diakonoff Diakonoff NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 233 15 1985 1985 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 233 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 233 17 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 233 18   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 233 19 57 57 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 233 20 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 233 21 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-5482 233 22 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 233 23 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 233 24 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 233 25 7.62 7.62 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 233 26 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 233 27 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 233 28 7.61 7.61 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 233 29 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5482 233 30 Hesiod Hesiod NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 233 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 233 32 700 700 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 233 33 BC bc NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 233 34 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5482 233 35 Theogony Theogony NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 233 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 233 37 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 233 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 234 1 993–1002 993–1002 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 234 2 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 234 3 Ketevan Ketevan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 234 4 Nadareishvili Nadareishvili NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 234 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 234 6 2010–2011 2010–2011 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 234 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 234 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 235 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 235 2 Madea madea NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 235 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 235 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 235 5 Context Context NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 235 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 235 7 East East NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 235 8 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5482 235 9 West West NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 235 10 Relationships Relationships NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 235 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 235 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 236 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-5482 236 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 236 3 PAUSANIAS PAUSANIAS NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 236 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 236 5 DESCRIPTION description NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 236 6 OF of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 236 7 GREECE GREECE NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 236 8 2.1 2.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 236 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 236 10 14 14 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 236 11 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 236 12 Theoi Theoi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 236 13 Classical Classical NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 236 14 Texts Texts NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 236 15 Library Library NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 236 16 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 236 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 237 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-5482 237 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 237 3 DIODORUS DIODORUS NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 237 4 SICULUS SICULUS NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 237 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 237 6 LIBRARY LIBRARY NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 237 7 OF of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 237 8 HISTORY HISTORY NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 237 9 BOOK BOOK NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 237 10 4.40 4.40 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 237 11 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5482 237 12 58 58 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 237 13 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 237 14 Theoi Theoi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 237 15 Classical Classical NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 237 16 Texts Texts NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 237 17 Library Library NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 237 18 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 237 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 4 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 5 d d NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 7 Stronach1982 Stronach1982 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 9 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 10   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 11 288 288 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 13 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 15 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 16 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 17 d d NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 18 e e NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 19 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 20 Young Young NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 21 1997 1997 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 23 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 24   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 25 449 449 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 26 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 27 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 28 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 29 Stronach Stronach NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 30 1968 1968 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 32 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 33   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 34 179 179 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 35 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 36 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 37 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 38 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 39 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 40 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 41 Stronach Stronach NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 42 1982 1982 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 44 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 45   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 46 290 290 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 47 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 48 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 49 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 50 Henrickson Henrickson NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 51 1988 1988 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 52 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 238 53 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 239 1 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-5482 239 2 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 240 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 240 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 240 3 Dandamayev Dandamayev NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 240 4 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 240 5 Medvedskaya Medvedskaya NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 240 6 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 240 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 240 8 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 241 1 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-5482 241 2 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 242 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 242 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 242 3 Young Young NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 242 4 1997 1997 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 242 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 242 6 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 242 7   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 242 8 448 448 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 242 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 242 10 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-5482 242 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 242 12 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 242 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 242 14 Levine Levine NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 242 15 1974 1974 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 242 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 242 17 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 242 18   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 242 19 119 119 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 242 20 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 242 21 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 242 22 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 242 23 Levine Levine NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 242 24 1974 1974 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 242 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 242 26 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 242 27   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 242 28 117 117 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 242 29 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 242 30 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 242 31 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 242 32 Levine Levine NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 242 33 1974 1974 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 242 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 242 35 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 242 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 243 1 118–119 118–119 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 243 2 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 243 3 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5482 243 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 243 5 Levine Levine NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 243 6 1974 1974 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 243 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 243 8 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 243 9   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 243 10 118 118 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 243 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 243 12 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 243 13 Ayatollahi Ayatollahi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 243 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 243 15 Habibollah Habibollah NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 243 16 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 243 17 2003 2003 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 243 18 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 243 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 244 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 244 2 Book Book NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 244 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 244 4 Iran Iran NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 244 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5482 244 6 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 244 7 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 244 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 244 9 Iranian iranian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 244 10 Art art NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 244 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 245 1 Alhoda alhoda VB en-wikipedia-org-5482 245 2 UK UK NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 245 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 246 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 246 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 246 3 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 246 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 246 5 964 964 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 246 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 246 7 94491 94491 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 246 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 246 9 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 246 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 246 11 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 246 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 246 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 246 14 page page NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 246 15 93 93 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 246 16 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 246 17 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 246 18 Diakonoff Diakonoff NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 246 19 1985 1985 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 246 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 246 21 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 246 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 247 1 36–41 36–41 LS en-wikipedia-org-5482 247 2 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 247 3 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-5482 247 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 247 5 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 247 6 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 247 7 d d NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 247 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 247 9 Dandamaev Dandamaev NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 247 10 et et FW en-wikipedia-org-5482 247 11 al al NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 247 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 248 1 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 248 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 248 3 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 248 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 249 1 2–3 2–3 LS en-wikipedia-org-5482 249 2 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 249 3 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 249 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 249 5 Zadok Zadok NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 249 6 2002 2002 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 249 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 249 8 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 249 9   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 249 10 140 140 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 249 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 249 12 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5482 249 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 249 14 Dandamaev Dandamaev NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 249 15 et et FW en-wikipedia-org-5482 249 16 al al NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 249 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 250 1 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 250 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 250 3 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 250 4   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 250 5 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 250 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 250 7 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5482 250 8 Georges Georges NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 250 9 Roux Roux NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 250 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 250 11 Ancient Ancient NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 250 12 Iraq Iraq NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 250 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 250 14 1992[full 1992[full NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 250 15 citation citation NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 250 16 needed need VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 250 17 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 250 18 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5482 250 19 Encyclopaedia Encyclopaedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 250 20 Britannica Britannica NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 250 21 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 250 22 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 250 23 last last JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 250 24 great great JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 250 25 Assyrian assyrian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 250 26 ruler ruler NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 250 27 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 250 28 Ashurbanipal Ashurbanipal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 250 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 250 30 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 250 31 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5482 250 32 last last JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 250 33 years year NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 250 34 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 250 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 250 36 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 250 37 following follow VBG en-wikipedia-org-5482 250 38 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5482 250 39 death death NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 250 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 250 41 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 250 42 627 627 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 250 43 BCE BCE NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 250 44 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 250 45 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5482 250 46 obscure obscure JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 250 47 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 251 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 251 2 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 251 3 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 251 4 finally finally RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 251 5 destroyed destroy VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 251 6 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 251 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 251 8 Chaldean Chaldean NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 251 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 251 10 Median median JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 251 11 coalition coalition NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 251 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 251 13 612–609 612–609 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 251 14 bce bce NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 251 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 251 16 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 252 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 252 2 Briant Briant NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 252 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 252 4 Pierre Pierre NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 252 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 252 6 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 252 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 252 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 253 1 From from IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 253 2 Cyrus Cyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 253 3 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 253 4 Alexander Alexander NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 253 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5482 253 6 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 253 7 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 253 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 253 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 253 10 Persian Persian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 253 11 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 253 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 254 1 Eisenbrauns eisenbraun NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 254 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 255 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 255 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 255 3 31 31 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 255 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 256 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 256 2 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 256 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 256 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 256 5 Histories Histories NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 256 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 256 7 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 257 1 93 93 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 257 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 2 full full JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 3 citation citation NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 4 needed need VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 6 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 8 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 10 Diakonoff Diakonoff NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 11 1985 1985 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 13 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 14   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 15 112 112 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 17 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 18 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 19 Young Young NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 20 1988 1988 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 22 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 23   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 24 16 16 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 25 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 26 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 27 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 28 Young Young NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 29 1988 1988 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 31 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 32   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 33 19 19 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 34 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 35 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 36 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 37 Young Young NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 38 1988 1988 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 40 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 41   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 42 21 21 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 43 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 44 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 45 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 46 Young Young NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 47 1997 1997 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 48 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 49 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 50   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 51 450 450 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 52 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 53 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 54 Geography Geography NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 55 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 56 Strab Strab NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 258 57 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 1 15.2.8 15.2.8 JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 2 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 3 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 4 Gershevitch Gershevitch NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 5 1968 1968 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 7 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 8   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 9 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 11 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 13 Gershevitch Gershevitch NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 14 1968 1968 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 16 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 17   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 18 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 19 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 20 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 21 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 22 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 23 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 24 d d NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 25 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 26 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 27 Schmitt Schmitt NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 28 2008 2008 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 30 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 31   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 32 98 98 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 33 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 34 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 35 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 36 Tavernier Tavernier NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 37 2007 2007 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 39 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 40   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 41 619 619 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 42 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 43 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 44 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 45 Tavernier Tavernier NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 46 2007 2007 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 47 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 48 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 259 49 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 1 157–8 157–8 LS en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 2 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 3 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 5 Tavernier Tavernier NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 6 2007 2007 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 8 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 9   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 10 312 312 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 12 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 14 Hawkins Hawkins NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 15 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 17 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 18 Greek Greek NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 21 Languages Languages NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 23 Asia Asia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 24 Minor Minor NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 25 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 27 Classical Classical NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 28 Period Period NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 29 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 31 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 32 226 226 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 33 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 34 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 35 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 36 Gamkrelidze Gamkrelidze NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 37 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 38 Ivanov Ivanov NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 40 1995 1995 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 41 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 42 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 43 Indo indo JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 44 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 45 European european JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 46 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 47 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 48 Indo Indo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 49 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 50 Europeans Europeans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 51 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 52 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 53 Reconstruction Reconstruction NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 54 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 55 Historical historical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 56 .. .. NFP en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 57 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 58 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 59 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 60 505 505 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 61 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 62 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 63 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 64 Fortson Fortson NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 65 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 66 IV IV NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 67 2009 2009 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 68 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 69 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 70 Indo indo JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 71 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 72 European European NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 73 Language Language NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 74 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 75 Culture Culture NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 76 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 77 An an DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 78 Introduction introduction NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 79 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 80 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 81 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 82 419 419 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 83 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 84 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 85 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 86 YarShater YarShater NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 87 2007 2007 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 88 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 89 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 90 Encyclopaedia Encyclopaedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 91 Iranica Iranica NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 92 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 93 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 94 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 95 96 96 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 96 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 97 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 98 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 99 Tavernier Tavernier NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 100 2007 2007 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 101 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 102 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 103   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 104 627 627 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 105 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 106 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 107 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 108 Tavernier Tavernier NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 109 2007 2007 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 110 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 111 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 260 112 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 1 352–3 352–3 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 2 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 3 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 5 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 7 Schmitt Schmitt NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 8 2008 2008 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 10 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 11   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 12 99 99 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 14 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 16 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 17 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 18 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 19 Dandamayev Dandamayev NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 20 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 21 Medvedskaya Medvedskaya NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 22 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 24 Median Median NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 25 Religion Religion NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 26 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 27 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 28 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 29 Boyce Boyce NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 30 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 31 Grenet Grenet NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 32 1991 1991 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 34 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 35   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 36 81 81 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 37 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 38 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 39 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 40 Soudavar Soudavar NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 41 2003 2003 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 42 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 43 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 44   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 45 84 84 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 46 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 47 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 48 Hakan Hakan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 49 Özoğlu Özoğlu NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 50 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 51 Kurdish kurdish JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 52 notables notable NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 53 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 54 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 55 Ottoman Ottoman NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 56 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 57 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 58 Evolving Evolving NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 59 Identities Identities NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 60 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 61 Competing Competing NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 62 Loyalties Loyalties NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 63 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 64 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 65 Shifting Shifting NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 66 Boundaries Boundaries NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 67 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 68 SUNY SUNY NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 69 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 70 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 71 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 72 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 73 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 74 25 25 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 261 75 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 262 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-5482 262 2 Turkey Turkey NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 262 3 Foreign Foreign NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 262 4 Policy Policy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 262 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 262 6 Government Government NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 262 7 Guide Guide NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 262 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 263 1 April April NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 263 2 2003 2003 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 263 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 264 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 264 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 264 3 9780739762820 9780739762820 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 264 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 265 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 265 2 Division Division NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 265 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 265 4 Federal Federal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 265 5 Research Research NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 265 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 265 7 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 265 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 265 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 266 1 Turkey Turkey NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 266 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 267 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 267 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 267 3 9781419191268 9781419191268 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 267 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 268 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 268 2 Windfuhr Windfuhr NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 268 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 268 4 Gernot Gernot NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 268 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 268 6 1975 1975 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 268 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 268 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 268 9 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 268 10 Isoglosses isoglosse VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 268 11 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5482 268 12 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 268 13 Sketch Sketch NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 268 14 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 268 15 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 268 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 268 17 Parthians Parthians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 268 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 268 19 Kurds Kurds NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 268 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 268 21 Medes Medes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 268 22 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 268 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 268 24 Monumentum Monumentum NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 268 25 H.S. H.S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 269 1 Nyberg Nyberg NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 269 2 II II NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 269 3 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 269 4 Acta Acta NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 269 5 Iranica-5 Iranica-5 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 269 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 269 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 269 8 Leiden Leiden NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 269 9 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5482 269 10 457–471 457–471 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 269 11 ^ ^ VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 269 12 Paul Paul NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 269 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 269 14 Ludwig Ludwig NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 269 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 270 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 270 2 KURDISH KURDISH NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 270 3 LANGUAGE LANGUAGE NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 270 4 i. i. NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 271 1 HISTORY history NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 271 2 OF of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 271 3 THE the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 271 4 KURDISH KURDISH NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 271 5 LANGUAGE LANGUAGE NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 271 6 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 271 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 272 1 Encyclopædia Encyclopædia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 272 2 Iranica Iranica NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 272 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 273 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 273 2 31 31 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 273 3 October October NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 273 4 2016 2016 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 273 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 274 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 274 2 Schmitt Schmitt NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 274 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 274 4 Rüdiger Rüdiger NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 274 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 274 6 1989 1989 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 274 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 274 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 275 1 Compendium Compendium NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 275 2 Linguarum Linguarum NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 275 3 Iranicarum Iranicarum NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 275 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 276 1 Wiesbaden Wiesbaden NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 276 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5482 276 3 Reichert Reichert NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 276 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 277 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 277 2 G. G. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 277 3 Asatrian Asatrian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 277 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 277 5 Prolegomena Prolegomena NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 277 6 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 277 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 277 8 Study Study NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 277 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 277 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 277 11 Kurds Kurds NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 277 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 277 13 Iran Iran NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 277 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 277 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 277 16 Caucasus Caucasus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 277 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 277 18 Vol Vol NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 277 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 278 1 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 278 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 278 3 pp pp ADD en-wikipedia-org-5482 278 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 279 1 1–58 1–58 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 279 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 279 3 2009 2009 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 279 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 280 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 280 2 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 280 3 21 21 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 280 4 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 280 5 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 280 6 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 280 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 280 8 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-5482 280 9 Asatrian Asatrian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 280 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 280 11 Garnik Garnik NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 280 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 281 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 281 2 Prolegomena Prolegomena NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 281 3 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 281 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 281 5 Study Study NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 281 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 281 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 281 8 Kurds Kurds NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 281 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 281 10 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 282 1 Iran Iran NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 282 2 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 282 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 282 4 Caucasus Caucasus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 282 5   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 282 6 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 282 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 282 8 no no UH en-wikipedia-org-5482 282 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 283 1 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 283 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 283 3 2009 2009 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 283 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 283 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5482 283 6 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 283 7 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5482 283 8 57 57 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 283 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 284 1 Accessed access VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 284 2 September September NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 284 3 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 284 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 284 5 2020 2020 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 284 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 284 7 http://www.jstor.org/stable/25597392 http://www.jstor.org/stable/25597392 UH en-wikipedia-org-5482 284 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 1 Sources[edit sources[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 2 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 3 Boyce Boyce NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 5 Mary Mary NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 6 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 7 Grenet Grenet NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 9 Frantz Frantz NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 11 1991 1991 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 14 Zoroastrianism Zoroastrianism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 15 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 16 Macedonian Macedonian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 18 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 19 rule rule NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 21 BRILL BRILL NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 23 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 24   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 25 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 26 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 27 90 90 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 28 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 29 04 04 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 30 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 31 09271 09271 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 32 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 33 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 34 Bryce Bryce NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 36 Trevor Trevor NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 37 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 38 2009 2009 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 39 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 41 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 42 Routledge Routledge NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 43 Handbook Handbook NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 44 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 45 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 46 Peoples Peoples NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 47 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 48 Places Places NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 49 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 50 Ancient Ancient NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 51 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 52 Asia Asia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 285 53 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 286 1 From from IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 286 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 286 3 Early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 286 4 Bronze Bronze NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 286 5 Age Age NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 286 6 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 286 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 286 8 Fall fall NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 286 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 286 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 286 11 Persian Persian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 286 12 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 286 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 286 14 Taylor Taylor NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 286 15 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 286 16 Francis Francis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 286 17 Dandamaev Dandamaev NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 286 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 286 19 M. M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 286 20 A. A. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 286 21 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5482 286 22 Lukonin Lukonin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 286 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 286 24 V. V. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 286 25 G. G. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 286 26 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5482 286 27 Kohl Kohl NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 286 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 286 29 P. P. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 286 30 L. L. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 286 31 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5482 286 32 Dadson Dadson NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 286 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 286 34 D. D. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 286 35 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 287 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 287 2 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 287 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 287 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 287 5 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 287 6 Culture Culture NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 287 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 287 8 Social Social NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 287 9 Institutions Institutions NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 287 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 287 11 Ancient Ancient NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 287 12 Iran Iran NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 287 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 287 14 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 287 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 287 16 UK UK NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 287 17 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5482 287 18 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 287 19 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 287 20 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 287 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 287 22 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 287 23   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 287 24 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 287 25 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 287 26 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 287 27 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 287 28 521 521 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 287 29 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 287 30 61191 61191 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 287 31 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 287 32 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 287 33 Dandamayev Dandamayev NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 287 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 287 35 M. M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 287 36 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5482 287 37 Medvedskaya Medvedskaya NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 287 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 287 39 I. I. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 288 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 288 2 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 288 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 288 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 288 5 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 288 6 Media Media NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 288 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 288 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 288 9 Encyclopaedia Encyclopaedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 288 10 Iranica Iranica NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 288 11 Online Online NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 288 12 Edition Edition NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 288 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 288 14 archived archive VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 288 15 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 288 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 288 17 original original NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 288 18 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 288 19 30 30 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 288 20 August August NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 288 21 2017 2017 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 288 22 Diakonoff Diakonoff NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 288 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 288 24 I. I. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 288 25 M. M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 288 26 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 288 27 1985 1985 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 288 28 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 288 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 288 30 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 288 31 Media Media NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 288 32 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 288 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 288 34 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 288 35 Ilya Ilya NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 288 36 Gershevitch Gershevitch NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 288 37 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 288 38 ed ed NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 288 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 289 1 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 289 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 289 3 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 289 4 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 289 5 History History NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 289 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 289 7 Iran Iran NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 289 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 289 9 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 289 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 289 11 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 289 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 289 13 UK UK NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 289 14 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5482 289 15 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 289 16 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 289 17 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 289 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 289 19 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 289 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 290 1 36–148 36–148 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 290 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 290 3 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 290 4   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 290 5 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 290 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 290 7 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 290 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 290 9 521 521 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 290 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 290 11 20091 20091 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 290 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 290 13 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 290 14 Gershevitch Gershevitch NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 290 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 290 16 I. I. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 291 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 291 2 1968 1968 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 291 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 291 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 291 5 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 291 6 Old old JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 291 7 Iranian Iranian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 291 8 Literature Literature NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 291 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 291 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 291 11 Iranian Iranian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 291 12 Studies Studies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 291 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 291 14 Hanbuch Hanbuch NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 291 15 Der Der NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 291 16 Orientalistik Orientalistik NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 291 17 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5482 291 18 Abeteilung Abeteilung NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 291 19 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5482 291 20 Der Der NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 291 21 Nahe Nahe NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 291 22 Und Und NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 291 23 Der Der NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 291 24 Mittlere Mittlere NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 291 25 Osten Osten NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 291 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 291 27 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 291 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 291 29 Brill Brill NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 291 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 291 31 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 291 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 1 1–30 1–30 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 3 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 4   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 5 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 7 90 90 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 9 04 04 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 11 00857 00857 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 13 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 14 Henrickson Henrickson NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 16 R. R. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 17 C. C. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 18 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 19 1988 1988 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 20 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 22 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 23 Baba Baba NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 24 Jan Jan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 25 Teppe Teppe NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 26 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 28 Encyclopaedia Encyclopaedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 29 Iranica Iranica NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 31 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 33 Routledge Routledge NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 34 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 35 Kegan Kegan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 36 Paul Paul NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 38 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 39   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 40 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 41 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 42 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 43 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 44 933273 933273 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 45 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 46 67 67 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 47 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 48 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 49 Levine Levine NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 50 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 51 Louis Louis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 52 D. D. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 53 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 54 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 55 January January NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 56 1973 1973 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 57 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 58 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 59 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 60 Geographical Geographical NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 61 Studies Studies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 62 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 63 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 64 Neo Neo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 65 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 66 Assyrian Assyrian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 67 Zagros Zagros NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 68 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 69 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 70 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 71 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 72 Iran Iran NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 73 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 74 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 75 : : SYM en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 76 1–27 1–27 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 77 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 78 doi:10.2307/4300482 doi:10.2307/4300482 NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 79 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 80 ISSN issn NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 81   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 82 0578 0578 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 83 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 84 6967 6967 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 85 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 86 JSTOR JSTOR NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 87   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 88 4300482 4300482 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 89 Levine Levine NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 90 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 91 Louis Louis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 92 D. D. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 93 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 94 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 95 January January NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 96 1974 1974 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 97 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 98 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 99 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 100 Geographical Geographical NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 101 Studies Studies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 102 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 103 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 104 Neo Neo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 105 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 106 Assyrian Assyrian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 107 Zagros Zagros NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 108 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 109 II II NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 110 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 111 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 112 Iran Iran NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 113 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 114 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 115 : : SYM en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 116 99–124 99–124 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 117 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 118 doi:10.2307/4300506 doi:10.2307/4300506 FW en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 119 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 120 ISSN issn NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 121   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 122 0578 0578 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 123 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 124 6967 6967 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 125 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 126 JSTOR JSTOR NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 127   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 128 4300506 4300506 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 129 Schmitt Schmitt NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 130 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 131 Rüdiger Rüdiger NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 132 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 133 2008 2008 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 134 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 135 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 136 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 137 Old Old NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 138 Persian Persian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 139 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 140 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 141 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 142 Woodard Woodard NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 143 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 144 Roger Roger NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 292 145 D. D. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 293 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 293 2 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 293 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 294 1 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 294 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 294 3 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 294 4 Ancient Ancient NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 294 5 Languages Languages NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 294 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 294 7 Asia Asia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 294 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 294 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 294 10 Americas Americas NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 294 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 294 12 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 294 13 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 294 14 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 294 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 294 16 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 294 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 1 76–100 76–100 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 3 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 4   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 5 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 7 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 9 521 521 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 11 68494 68494 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 13 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 14 Soudavar Soudavar NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 16 Abolala Abolala NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 17 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 18 2003 2003 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 19 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 21 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 22 aura aura NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 24 kings king NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 25 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 26 legitimacy legitimacy NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 28 divine divine JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 29 sanction sanction NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 30 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 31 Iranian iranian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 32 kingship kingship NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 34 Mazda Mazda NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 35 Publishers Publishers NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 37 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 38   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 39 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 40 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 41 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 42 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 43 56859 56859 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 44 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 45 109 109 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 46 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 47 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 48 Stronach Stronach NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 49 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 50 David David NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 51 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 52 1968 1968 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 53 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 54 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 55 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 56 Tepe Tepe NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 57 Nush Nush NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 58 - - : en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 59 i i NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 60 Jan Jan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 61 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 62 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 63 Mound Mound NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 64 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 65 Media Media NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 66 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 67 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 68 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 69 Metropolitan Metropolitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 70 Museum Museum NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 71 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 72 Art Art NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 73 Bulletin Bulletin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 74 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 75 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 76 Series Series NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 77 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 78 27 27 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 79 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 80 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 81 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 82 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 83 177–186 177–186 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 84 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 85 doi:10.2307/3258384 doi:10.2307/3258384 NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 86 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 87 ISSN ISSN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 88   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 89 0026 0026 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 90 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 91 1521 1521 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 92 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 93 JSTOR JSTOR NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 94   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 95 3258384 3258384 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 96 Stronach Stronach NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 97 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 98 David David NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 99 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 100 1982 1982 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 101 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 102 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 103 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 104 Archeology Archeology NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 105 ii ii NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 295 106 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 296 1 Median median JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 296 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 296 3 Achaemenid Achaemenid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 296 4 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 296 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 296 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 296 7 Yarshater Yarshater NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 296 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 296 9 E. E. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 297 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 297 2 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 297 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 298 1 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 298 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 298 3 Encyclopædia Encyclopædia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 298 4 Iranica Iranica NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 298 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 298 6 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 298 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 298 8 Routledge Routledge NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 298 9 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 298 10 Kegan Kegan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 298 11 Paul Paul NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 298 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 298 13 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 298 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 299 1 288–296 288–296 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 299 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 299 3 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 299 4   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 299 5 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 299 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 299 7 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 299 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 299 9 933273 933273 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 299 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 299 11 67 67 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 299 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 299 13 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 299 14 Tavernier Tavernier NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 299 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 299 16 Jan Jan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 299 17 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 299 18 2007 2007 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 299 19 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 299 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 299 21 Iranica Iranica NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 299 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 299 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 299 24 Achaemenid Achaemenid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 299 25 Period Period NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 299 26 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 299 27 ca ca NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 299 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 300 1 550 550 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 300 2 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5482 300 3 330 330 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 300 4 B.C. B.C. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 1 ): ): NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 2 Linguistic Linguistic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 3 Study Study NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 5 Old Old NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 6 Iranian Iranian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 7 Proper Proper NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 8 Names Names NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 10 Loanwords Loanwords NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 12 Attested attest VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 14 Non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 15 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 16 Iranian iranian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 17 Texts Texts NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 19 Peeters Peeters NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 20 Publishers Publishers NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 22 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 23   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 24 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 25 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 26 90 90 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 27 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 28 429 429 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 29 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 30 1833 1833 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 31 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 32 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 33 Van Van NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 34 De De NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 35 Mieroop Mieroop NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 37 Marc Marc NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 38 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 39 2015 2015 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 40 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 41 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 42 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 43 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 44 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 45 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 46 Ancient Ancient NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 47 Near Near NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 48 East East NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 49 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 50 ca ca NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 301 51 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 302 1 3000 3000 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 302 2 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5482 302 3 323 323 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 302 4 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 302 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 302 6 Wiley Wiley NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 302 7 Blackwell Blackwell NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 302 8 Windfuhr Windfuhr NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 302 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 302 10 Gernot Gernot NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 302 11 L. L. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 302 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 302 13 1991 1991 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 302 14 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 302 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 302 16 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 302 17 Central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 302 18 dialects dialect VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 302 19 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 302 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 302 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 302 22 Yarshater Yarshater NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 302 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 302 24 E. E. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 303 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 303 2 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 303 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 304 1 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 304 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 304 3 Encyclopædia Encyclopædia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 304 4 Iranica Iranica NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 304 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 304 6 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 304 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 1 242–251 242–251 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 3 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 4   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 5 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 7 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 9 939214 939214 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 11 79 79 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 13 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 14 Young Young NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 16 T. T. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 17 Cuyler Cuyler NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 19 Jr. Jr. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 20 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 21 1988 1988 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 22 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 24 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 25 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 26 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 27 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 30 Medes Medes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 33 Persians Persians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 34 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 36 Achaemenid achaemenid JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 37 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 38 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 39 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 40 death death NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 41 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 42 Cambyses Cambyses NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 43 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 44 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 45 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 46 Boardman Boardman NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 47 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 48 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 49 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 50 Hammond Hammond NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 51 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 52 N. N. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 53 G. G. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 54 L. L. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 55 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 56 Lewis Lewis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 57 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 58 D. D. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 59 M. M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 60 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 61 Ostwald Ostwald NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 62 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 305 63 M. M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 306 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 306 2 eds eds PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5482 306 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 307 1 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 307 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 307 3 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 307 4 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 307 5 Ancient Ancient NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 307 6 History History NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 307 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 307 8 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 307 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 307 10 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 307 11 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 307 12 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 307 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 307 14 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 307 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 308 1 1–52 1–52 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 308 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 308 3 doi:10.1017 doi:10.1017 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 308 4 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5482 308 5 CHOL9780521228046.002 CHOL9780521228046.002 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 308 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 308 7 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 308 8   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 308 9 9781139054317 9781139054317 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 308 10 Young Young NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 308 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 308 12 T. T. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 308 13 Cuyler Cuyler NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 308 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 308 15 1997 1997 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 308 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 308 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 308 18 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 308 19 Medes Medes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 308 20 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 308 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 308 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 308 23 Meyers Meyers NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 308 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 308 25 Eric Eric NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 308 26 M. M. 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en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 3 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 4   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 5 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 7 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 9 19 19 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 11 511217 511217 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 13 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 14 Zadok Zadok NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 16 Ran Ran NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 17 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 18 2002 2002 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 19 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 21 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 22 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 23 Ethno Ethno NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 24 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 25 Linguistic Linguistic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 26 Character Character NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 28 Northwestern Northwestern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 29 Iran Iran NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 31 Kurdistan Kurdistan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 32 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 34 Neo Neo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 35 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 36 Assyrian Assyrian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 37 Period Period NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 38 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 40 Iran Iran NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 41 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 42 40 40 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 43 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 44 89–151 89–151 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 45 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 46 doi:10.2307/4300620 doi:10.2307/4300620 NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 47 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 48 ISSN issn NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 49   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 50 0578 0578 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 51 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 52 6967 6967 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 53 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 54 JSTOR JSTOR NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 55   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 56 4300620 4300620 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 57 Further further JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 58 reading[edit reading[edit VB en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 59 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 60 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 61 Mede Mede NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 62 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 311 63 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 312 1 Encyclopædia Encyclopædia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 312 2 Britannica Britannica NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 312 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 313 1 2008 2008 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 313 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 314 1 Encyclopædia Encyclopædia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 314 2 Britannica Britannica NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 314 3 Online Online NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 314 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 315 1 16 16 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 315 2 January January NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 315 3 2008 2008 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 315 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 316 1 Gershevitch Gershevitch NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 316 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 316 3 Ilya Ilya NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 316 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 316 5 1985 1985 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 316 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 316 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 316 8 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 316 9 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 316 10 History History NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 316 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 316 12 Iran Iran NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 316 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 316 14 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 316 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 316 16 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 316 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 316 18 UK UK NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 316 19 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5482 316 20 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 316 21 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 316 22 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 316 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 316 24 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 316 25   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 316 26 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 316 27 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 316 28 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 316 29 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 316 30 521 521 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 316 31 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 316 32 20091 20091 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 316 33 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 316 34 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 316 35 External External NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 316 36 links[edit links[edit , en-wikipedia-org-5482 316 37 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 316 38 Wikimedia Wikimedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 316 39 Commons Commons NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 316 40 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 316 41 media medium NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 316 42 related relate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 316 43 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 316 44 Median Median NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 316 45 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 316 46 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 317 1 Median median JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 317 2 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 317 3 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 317 4 Iran Iran NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 317 5 Chamber Chamber NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 317 6 Society Society NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 317 7 website website NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 317 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 1 v v NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 2 t t NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 3 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 4 Ancient Ancient NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 5 Mesopotamia Mesopotamia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 6 Geography Geography NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 7 Modern Modern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 8 Euphrates Euphrates NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 9 Upper Upper NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 10 Mesopotamia Mesopotamia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 11 Mesopotamian mesopotamian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 12 Marshes marshe VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 13 Persian Persian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 14 Gulf Gulf NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 15 Syrian Syrian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 16 Desert Desert NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 17 Taurus Taurus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 18 Mountains Mountains NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 19 Tigris Tigris NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 20 Zagros Zagros NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 21 Mountains Mountains NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 22 Ancient Ancient NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 23 Akkad Akkad NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 24 Assyria Assyria NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 25 Babylonia Babylonia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 26 Chaldea Chaldea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 27 Elam Elam NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 28 Hittites Hittites NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 29 Media Media NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 30 Mitanni Mitanni NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 31 Sumer Sumer NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 32 Urartu Urartu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 33 Cities Cities NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 34 History History NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 35 Pre- Pre- NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 36 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 37 Protohistory Protohistory NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 38 Acheulean Acheulean NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 39 Mousterian Mousterian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 40 Trialetian trialetian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 41 Zarzian zarzian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 42 Natufian Natufian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 43 Nemrikian Nemrikian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 44 Khiamian Khiamian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 45 Pre Pre NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 46 - - NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 47 Pottery Pottery NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 48 Neolithic neolithic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 49 A a NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 50 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 51 PPNA PPNA NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 52 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 53 Pre pre JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 54 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 55 Pottery pottery JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 56 Neolithic neolithic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 57 B b NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 58 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 59 PPNB PPNB NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 60 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 61 Hassuna Hassuna NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 62 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 63 Samarra Samarra NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 64 Halaf Halaf NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 65 Ubaid Ubaid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 66 Uruk Uruk NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 67 Jemdet Jemdet NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 68 Nasr Nasr NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 69 Kish kish JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 70 civilization civilization NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 71 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 72 Early Early NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 73 Dynastic dynastic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 74 Akkadian Akkadian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 75 Gutians Gutians NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 76 Simurrum Simurrum NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 77 Ur Ur NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 78 III III NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 79 Isin Isin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 80 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 81 Larsa Larsa NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 82 Old old JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 83 Babylonian babylonian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 84 Kassite Kassite NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 85 Middle middle NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 86 Babylonian Babylonian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 87 Neo Neo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 88 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 89 Assyrian Assyrian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 90 Neo Neo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 91 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 92 Babylonian babylonian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 93 Achaemenid Achaemenid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 94 Seleucid Seleucid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 95 Parthian parthian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 96 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 97 Sasanian Sasanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 98 Muslim Muslim NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 99 conquest conquest VBD en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 100 Timeline Timeline NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 101 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 102 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 103 Assyrian Assyrian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 104 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 105 Hakkari Hakkari NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 106 Languages Languages NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 107 Akkadian Akkadian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 108 Amorite Amorite NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 109 Aramaic Aramaic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 110 Eblaite Eblaite NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 111 Elamite Elamite NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 112 Gutian Gutian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 113 Hittite Hittite NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 114 Hurrian Hurrian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 115 Luwian Luwian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 116 Middle Middle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 117 Persian Persian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 118 Old Old NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 119 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 120 Parthian Parthian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 121 Proto Proto NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 122 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 123 Armenian armenian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 124 Sumerian Sumerian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 125 Urartian Urartian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 126 Culture Culture NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 127 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 128 Society Society NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 129 Architecture Architecture NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 130 Art Art NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 131 Cuneiform cuneiform NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 132 Akkadian akkadian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 133 literature literature NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 134 Sumerian sumerian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 135 literature literature NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 136 Music Music NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 137 Religion Religion NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 138 Indus Indus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 139 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 140 Mesopotamia Mesopotamia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 141 relations relation NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 142 Egypt Egypt NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 143 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 144 Mesopotamia Mesopotamia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 145 relations relation NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 146 Royal Royal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 147 titles title NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 148 Archaeology Archaeology NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 149 Looting Looting NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 150 Destruction destruction NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 151 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 152 ISIL ISIL NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 153 Tell Tell NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 154 v v NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 155 t t NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 156 e e NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 157 Median median JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 158 topics topic NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 159 Language Language NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 160 Median median JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 161 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 162 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 163 Iranian iranian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 164 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 165 Cities Cities NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 166 Ecbatana Ecbatana NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 167 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 168 Hamadan Hamadan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 169 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 170 Rhagae Rhagae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 171 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 172 Shahre Shahre NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 173 Rey Rey NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 174 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 175 Tehran Tehran NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 176 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 177 Laodicea Laodicea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 178 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 179 Nahavand Nahavand NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 180 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 181 Battles battle NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 182 involving involve VBG en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 183 Lydia Lydia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 184 Eclipse Eclipse NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 185 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 186 Thales Thales NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 187 Battles Battles NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 188 involving involve VBG en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 189 Persia Persia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 190 Persian Persian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 191 Revolt Revolt NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 192 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 193 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 194 Hyrba Hyrba NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 195 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 196 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 197 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 198 Persian Persian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 199 Border Border NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 200 Siege Siege NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 201 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 202 Pasargadae Pasargadae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 203 Hill Hill NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 204 Battle Battle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 205 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 206 Pasargadae Pasargadae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 207 Fall Fall NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 208 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 209 Ecbatana Ecbatana NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 210 Kings Kings NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 211 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 212 Satraps Satraps NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 213 Deioces Deioces NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 214 Phraortes Phraortes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 215 Madius Madius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 216 Cyaxares Cyaxares NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 217 Astyages Astyages NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 218 Cyaxares Cyaxares NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 219 II II NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 220 Darius Darius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 221 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 222 Mede Mede NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 223 Other Other NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 224 Medians Medians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 225 Amytis Amytis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 226 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 227 Media Media NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 228 Artembares Artembares NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 229 Datis Datis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 230 Gubaru Gubaru NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 231 Mazares Mazares NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 232 Harpagus Harpagus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 233 Aryenis Aryenis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 234 Mandane Mandane NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 235 v v NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 236 t t NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 237 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 238 Median median JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 239 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 240 Achaemenid Achaemenid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 241 kings king NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 242 Family Family NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 243 tree tree NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 244 Median Median NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 245 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 246 728–550 728–550 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 247 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 248 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 249 Deioces Deioces NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 250 Phraortes Phraortes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 251 Madius Madius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 252 Cyaxares Cyaxares NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 253 Astyages astyage VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 254 Achaemenid Achaemenid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 255 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 256 550–330 550–330 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 257 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 258 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 259 Achaemenes Achaemenes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 260 Ariaramnes Ariaramnes NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 261 Arsames Arsames NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 262 Teispes Teispes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 263 Cyrus Cyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 264 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 265 Cambyses cambyse VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 266 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 267 Cyrus Cyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 268 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 269 Great great JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 270 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 271 Cyrus Cyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 272 II II NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 273 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 274 Cambyses cambyse VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 275 II II NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 276 Smerdis Smerdis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 277 Gaumata Gaumata NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 278 Darius Darius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 279 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 280 Great great JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 281 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 282 Darius Darius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 283 I I NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 284 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 285 Xerxes xerxe VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 286 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 287 Great great JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 288 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 289 Xerxes Xerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 290 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 291 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 292 Artaxerxes Artaxerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 293 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 294 Xerxes xerxe VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 295 II II NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 296 Sogdianus Sogdianus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 297 Darius Darius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 298 II II NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 299 Nothus Nothus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 300 Artaxerxes Artaxerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 301 II II NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 302 Mnemon Mnemon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 303 Artaxerxes Artaxerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 304 III III NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 305 Ochus Ochus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 306 Artaxerxes Artaxerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 307 IV IV NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 308 Arses Arses NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 309 Darius Darius NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 310 III III NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 311 Codomannus Codomannus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 312 Artaxerxes Artaxerxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 313 V V NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 314 Bessus Bessus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 315 Italics Italics NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 316 indicate indicate VBP en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 317 kings king NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 318 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 319 directly directly RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 320 attested attest VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 321 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 322 so so RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 323 possibly possibly RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 324 legendary legendary JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 318 325 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 1 v v NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 2 t t NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 3 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 4 Empires Empires NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 5 Ancient Ancient NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 7 Colonies Colonies NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 9 Akkadian Akkadian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 10 Neo Neo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 11 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 12 Sumerian Sumerian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 13 Assyrian Assyrian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 14 Old Old NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 15 Assyrian Assyrian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 16 Middle Middle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 17 Assyrian Assyrian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 18 Neo Neo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 19 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 20 Assyrian Assyrian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 21 Babylonian Babylonian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 22 Old Old NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 23 Babylonian Babylonian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 24 Kassite Kassite NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 25 Neo Neo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 26 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 27 Babylonian babylonian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 28 Egyptian egyptian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 29 Old Old NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 30 Kingdom Kingdom NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 31 Middle Middle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 32 Kingdom Kingdom NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 33 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 34 Kingdom Kingdom NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 35 Phoenician Phoenician NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 36 Carthaginian carthaginian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 37 Chinese Chinese NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 38 Shang Shang NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 39 Qin Qin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 40 Han Han NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 41 Three Three NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 42 Kingdoms Kingdoms NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 43 Jin Jin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 44 North North NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 45 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 46 South South NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 47 Hellenistic Hellenistic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 48 Macedonian macedonian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 49 Seleucid Seleucid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 50 Hittite Hittite NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 51 Indian Indian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 52 Nanda Nanda NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 53 Maurya Maurya NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 54 Satavahana Satavahana NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 55 Shunga Shunga NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 56 Gupta Gupta NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 57 Harsha Harsha NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 58 Iranian Iranian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 59 Median Median NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 60 Achaemenid Achaemenid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 61 Parthian Parthian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 62 Sasanian Sasanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 63 Kushan Kushan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 64 Mongol Mongol NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 65 Xianbei Xianbei NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 66 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 67 Western western JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 68 Eastern Eastern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 69 Teotihuacan Teotihuacan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 70 Post post JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 71 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 72 classical classical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 73 Aksum Aksum NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 74 Arab Arab NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 75 Rashidun Rashidun NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 76 Umayyad Umayyad NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 77 Abbasid Abbasid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 78 Fatimid Fatimid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 79 Aragonese Aragonese NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 80 Angevin Angevin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 81 Ayyubid Ayyubid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 82 Aztec Aztec NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 83 Benin Benin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 84 Bornu Bornu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 85 Bruneian Bruneian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 86 Bulgarian bulgarian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 87 First first JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 88 Second Second NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 89 Byzantine Byzantine NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 90 Nicaea Nicaea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 91 Thessalonica Thessalonica NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 92 Trebizond Trebizond NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 93 Calakmul Calakmul NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 94 Chinese Chinese NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 95 Sui Sui NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 96 Tang Tang NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 97 Liao Liao NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 98 Song Song NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 99 Jīn Jīn NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 100 Yuan Yuan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 101 Uyghur Uyghur NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 102 Ethiopian Ethiopian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 103 Zagwe Zagwe NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 104 Solomonic Solomonic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 105 Genoese Genoese NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 106 Georgian Georgian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 107 Holy Holy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 108 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 109 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 110 Carolingian carolingian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 111 Huetar Huetar NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 112 Hunnic Hunnic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 113 Hephthalite Hephthalite NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 114 Inca Inca NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 115 Indian Indian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 116 Chola Chola NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 117 Gurjara Gurjara NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 118 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 119 Pratihara Pratihara NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 120 Pala Pala NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 121 Eastern Eastern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 122 Ganga Ganga NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 123 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 124 Delhi Delhi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 125 Vijayanagara Vijayanagara NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 126 Iranian Iranian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 127 Samanid Samanid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 128 Saffarid Saffarid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 129 Kanem Kanem NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 130 Khmer Khmer NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 131 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 132 Majapahit Majapahit NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 133 Malaccan Malaccan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 134 Mali Mali NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 135 Egyptian Egyptian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 136 Mamluk Mamluk NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 137 Mongol Mongol NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 138 Yuan Yuan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 139 Golden Golden NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 140 Horde Horde NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 141 Chagatai Chagatai NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 142 Khanate Khanate NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 143 Ilkhanate Ilkhanate NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 144 Moroccan Moroccan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 145 Idrisid idrisid NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 146 Almoravid Almoravid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 147 Almohad Almohad NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 148 Marinid Marinid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 149 North North NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 150 Sea Sea NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 151 Oyo Oyo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 152 Serbian serbian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 153 Singhasari Singhasari NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 154 Somali Somali NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 155 Ajuran Ajuran NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 156 Ifatite Ifatite NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 157 Adalite Adalite NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 158 Mogadishan Mogadishan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 159 Songhai Songhai NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 160 Srivijaya Srivijaya NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 161 Tibetan Tibetan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 162 Tikal Tikal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 163 Timurid Timurid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 164 Tiwanku Tiwanku NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 165 Toltec Toltec NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 166 Turco Turco NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 167 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 168 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 169 Ghaznavid Ghaznavid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 170 Great Great NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 171 Seljuk Seljuk NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 172 Khwarezmian Khwarezmian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 173 Venetian venetian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 174 Vietnamese Vietnamese NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 175 Dai Dai NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 176 Viet Viet NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 177 Wagadou Wagadou NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 178 Wari Wari NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 179 Modern Modern NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 180 Afghan Afghan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 181 Ashanti Ashanti NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 182 Austrian Austrian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 183 Austro Austro NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 184 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 185 Hungarian Hungarian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 186 Brazilian Brazilian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 187 Central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 188 African african JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 189 Chinese Chinese NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 190 Ming Ming NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 191 Qing Qing NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 192 China China NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 193 Manchukuo Manchukuo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 194 Ethiopian Ethiopian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 195 Haitian Haitian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 196 First First NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 197 Second Second NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 198 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 199 First first JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 200 Second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 201 German german JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 202 First first JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 203 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 204 Old Old NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 205 Reich Reich NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 206 Second Second NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 207 Reich Reich NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 208 Third Third NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 209 Reich Reich NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 210 Indian Indian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 211 Mughal Mughal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 212 Mysorean Mysorean NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 213 Sikh Sikh NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 214 Maratha Maratha NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 215 British British NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 216 Raj Raj NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 217 Iranian iranian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 218 Safavid Safavid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 219 Afsharid Afsharid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 220 Qajar Qajar NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 221 Pahlavi Pahlavi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 222 Japanese japanese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 223 Johor Johor NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 224 Korean Korean NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 225 Mexican Mexican NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 226 First First NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 227 Second Second NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 228 Moroccan moroccan JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 229 Saadi Saadi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 230 Alaouite alaouite JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 231 Russian russian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 232 Somali somali NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 233 Gobroon Gobroon NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 234 Majeerteen Majeerteen NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 235 Hobyo Hobyo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 236 Swedish Swedish NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 237 Tongan Tongan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 238 Ottoman Ottoman NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 239 Vietnamese Vietnamese NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 240 Dainam Dainam NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 241 Vietnam Vietnam NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 242 Colonial Colonial NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 243 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 244 Belgian belgian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 245 British british JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 246 English english JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 247 Scottish Scottish NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 248 Danish danish JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 249 Dutch dutch JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 250 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 251 German german JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 252 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 253 Japanese japanese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 254 Omani omani JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 255 Polish Polish NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 256 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 257 Lithuanian lithuanian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 258 Couronian couronian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 259 Portuguese portuguese JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 260 Sovereign Sovereign NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 261 Military military JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 262 Order order NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 263 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 264 Malta Malta NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 265 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 266 Swedish Swedish NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 267 Lists Lists NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 268 Empires empire VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 269 largest large JJS en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 270 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 271 India India NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 272 Ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 273 great great JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 274 powers power NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 275 Medieval medieval JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 276 great great JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 277 powers power NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 278 Modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 279 great great JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 280 powers power NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 281 European european JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 282 colonialism colonialism NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 283 African african JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 284 empires empire VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 285 Miscellaneous miscellaneous JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 286 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 287 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 288 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 289 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 290 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 291 sun sun NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 292 never never RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 293 sets set VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 294 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 295 Empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 296 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 297 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 298 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 299 description description NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 300 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 301 foreign foreign JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 302 policy policy NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 303 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 304 empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 305 Soviet Soviet NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 306 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 307 v v NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 308 t t NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 309 e e NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 310 Provinces province NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 311 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 312 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 313 Achaemenid Achaemenid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 314 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 315 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 316 Behistun Behistun NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 317   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 318 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 319 Persepolis Persepolis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 320   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 321 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 322 Naqsh Naqsh NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 323 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 324 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 325 Rustam Rustam NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 326   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 327 / / , en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 328 Susa susa JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 329   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 330 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 331 Daiva Daiva NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 332 inscriptions inscription NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 333 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 334 Akaufaka Akaufaka NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 335 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 336 Quhistan Quhistan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 337 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-5482 319 338 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 1 Amyrgoi Amyrgoi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 2 Arabia Arabia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 3 Arachosia Arachosia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 4 Aria Aria NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 5 Armenia Armenia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 6 Assyria Assyria NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 7 Babylonia Babylonia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 8 Bactria Bactria NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 9 Cappadocia Cappadocia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 10 Caria Caria NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 11 Carmania Carmania NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 12 Caucasian Caucasian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 13 Albania Albania NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 14 Chorasmia Chorasmia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 15 Cilicia Cilicia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 16 Colchis Colchis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 17 Dahae Dahae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 18 Drangiana Drangiana NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 19 1st 1st NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 20 Egypt Egypt NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 21 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 22 2nd 2nd NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 23 Egypt Egypt NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 24 Eber Eber NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 25 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 26 Nari Nari NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 27 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 28 Levant levant JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 29 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 30 Elam Elam NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 31 Kush Kush NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 32 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 33 Nubia Nubia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 34 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 35 Gandāra Gandāra NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 36 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 37 Gandhara Gandhara NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 38 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 39 Gedrosia Gedrosia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 40 Hyrcania Hyrcania NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 41 Ionia Ionia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 42 Hindush Hindush NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 43 Libya Libya NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 44 Lydia Lydia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 45 Maka Maka NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 46 Margiana Margiana NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 47 Media Media NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 48 Lesser Lesser NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 49 Media Media NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 50 Massagetae Massagetae NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 51 Parthia Parthia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 52 Persia Persia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 53 Phoenicia Phoenicia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 54 Phrygia Phrygia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 55 Hellespontine Hellespontine NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 56 Phrygia Phrygia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 57 Greater Greater NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 58 Phrygia Phrygia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 59 Saka Saka NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 60 Samaritan Samaritan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 61 Province Province NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 62 Sattagydia Sattagydia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 63 Skudra Skudra NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 64 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 65 Thrace Thrace NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 66 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 67 Sogdia Sogdia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 68 Yehud Yehud NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 69 See see VBP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 70 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 71 Tax Tax NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 72 Districts Districts NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 73 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 74 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 75 Achaemenid Achaemenid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 76 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 77 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 78 according accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 79 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 80 Herodotus Herodotus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 81 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 82 v v NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 83 t t NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 84 e e NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 85 Iran Iran NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 86 topics topic NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 87 History History NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 88 Prehistory Prehistory NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 89 Ancient Ancient NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 90 3400–550 3400–550 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 91 BCE BCE NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 92 Kura Kura NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 93 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 94 Araxes Araxes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 95 culture culture NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 96 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 97 3400–2000 3400–2000 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 98 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 99 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 100 Proto Proto NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 101 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 102 Elamite elamite JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 103 civilization civilization NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 104 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 105 3200–2800 3200–2800 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 106 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 107 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 108 Elamite Elamite NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 109 dynasties dynasty NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 110 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 111 2800–550 2800–550 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 112 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 113 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 114 Lullubi Lullubi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 115 culture culture NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 116 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 117 c.2300–700 c.2300–700 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 118 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 119 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 120 Akkadian Akkadian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 121 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 122 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 123 c.2334 c.2334 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 124 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 125 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 126 c.2154 c.2154 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 127 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 128 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 129 Kassites Kassites NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 130 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 131 c.1500–c.1155 c.1500–c.1155 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 132 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 133 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 134 Kingdom Kingdom NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 135 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 136 Mannai Mannai NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 137 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 138 10th–7th 10th–7th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 139 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 140 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 141 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 142 Neo Neo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 143 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 144 Assyrian Assyrian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 145 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 146 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 147 911–609 911–609 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 148 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 149 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 150 Urartu Urartu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 151 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 152 860 860 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 153 BC–590 BC–590 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 154 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 155 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 156 Median Median NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 157 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 158 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 159 728–550 728–550 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 160 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 161 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 162 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 163 Scythian Scythian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 164 Kingdom Kingdom NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 165 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 166 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 167 652–625 652–625 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 168 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 169 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 170 Neo Neo NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 171 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 172 Babylonian Babylonian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 173 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 174 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 175 626–539 626–539 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 176 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 177 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 178 550 550 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 179 BC bc NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 180 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 181 AD ad NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 182 224 224 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 183 Achaemenid Achaemenid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 184 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 185 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 186 550 550 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 187 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 188 330 330 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 189 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 190 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 191 Kingdom Kingdom NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 192 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 193 Armenia Armenia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 194 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 195 331 331 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 196 BC bc NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 197 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 198 AD ad NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 199 428 428 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 200 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 201 Atropatene Atropatene NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 202 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 203 320s 320s CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 204 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 205 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 206 3rd 3rd JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 207 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 208 AD ad NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 209 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 210 Kingdom Kingdom NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 211 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 212 Cappadocia Cappadocia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 213 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 214 320s 320s `` en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 215 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 216 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 217 AD ad NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 218 17 17 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 219 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 220 Seleucid Seleucid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 221 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 222 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 223 330 330 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 224 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 225 63 63 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 226 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 227 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 228 Frataraka Frataraka NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 229 Kings Kings NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 230 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 231 Persis Persis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 232 Kingdom Kingdom NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 233 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 234 Pontus Pontus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 235 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 236 281 281 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 237 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 238 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 239 AD ad NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 240 62 62 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 241 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 242 Parthian Parthian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 243 Empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 244 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 245 248 248 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 246   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 247 BC BC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 248   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 249 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 250   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 251 AD ad NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 252   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 253 224 224 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 254 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 255 AD ad NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 256 224–651 224–651 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 257 Sasanian Sasanian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 258 Empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 259 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 260 AD ad NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 261 224–651 224–651 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 262 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 263 Medieval medieval JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 264 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 265 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 266 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 267 637 637 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 268   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 269 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 270 1055 1055 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 271 Patriarchal Patriarchal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 272 Caliphate Caliphate NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 273 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 274 637–651 637–651 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 275 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 276 Umayyad Umayyad NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 277 Caliphate Caliphate NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 278 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 279 661–750 661–750 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 280 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 281 Abbasid Abbasid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 282 Caliphate Caliphate NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 283 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 284 750–1258 750–1258 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 285 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 286 Tahirid Tahirid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 287 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 288 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 289 821–873 821–873 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 290 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 291 Alavid Alavid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 292 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 293 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 294 864–928 864–928 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 295 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 296 Saffarid saffarid NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 297 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 298 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 299 861–1003 861–1003 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 300 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 301 Samanid Samanid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 302 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 303 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 304 819–999 819–999 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 305 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 306 Ziyarid Ziyarid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 307 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 308 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 309 928–1043 928–1043 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 310 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 311 Buyid buyid NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 312 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 313 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 314 934–1062 934–1062 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 315 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 316 975–1432 975–1432 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 317 Ghaznavid Ghaznavid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 318 Empire empire NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 319 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 320 975–1187 975–1187 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 321 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 322 Ghurid Ghurid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 323 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 324 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 325 1011–1215 1011–1215 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 326 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 327 Seljuk Seljuk NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 328 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 329 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 330 1037–1194 1037–1194 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 331 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 332 Khwarazmian khwarazmian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 333 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 334 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 335 1077–1231 1077–1231 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 336 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 337 Eldiguzids eldiguzid NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 338 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 339 1135/36 1135/36 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 340 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 341 1225 1225 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 342 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 343 Ilkhanate ilkhanate NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 344 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 345 1256–1335 1256–1335 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 346 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 347 Kurt Kurt NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 348 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 349 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 350 1231–1389 1231–1389 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 351 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 352 Muzaffarid Muzaffarid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 353 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 354 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 355 1314–1393 1314–1393 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 356 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 357 Chobanid Chobanid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 358 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 359 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 360 1337–1357 1337–1357 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 361 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 362 Jalairid Jalairid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 363 Sultanate Sultanate NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 364 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 365 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 366 1339–1432 1339–1432 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 367 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 368 1370–1925 1370–1925 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 369 Timurid Timurid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 370 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 371 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 372 1370–1507 1370–1507 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 373 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 374 Qara Qara NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 375 Qoyunlu Qoyunlu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 376 Turcomans Turcomans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 377 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 378 1375–1468 1375–1468 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 379 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 380 Ag Ag NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 381 Qoyunlu Qoyunlu NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 382 Turcomans Turcomans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 383 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 384 1378–1508 1378–1508 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 385 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 386 Safavid Safavid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 387 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 388 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 389 1501–1736 1501–1736 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 390 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 391 Afsharid Afsharid NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 392 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 393 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 394 1736–50 1736–50 NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 395 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 396 Zand Zand NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 397 Dynasty Dynasty NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 398 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 399 1750–94 1750–94 NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 400 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 401 Qajar Qajar NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 402 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 403 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 404 1796–1925 1796–1925 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 405 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 406 Khanates Khanates NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 407 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 408 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 409 Caucasus Caucasus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 410 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 411 18th–20th 18th–20th JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 412 centuries century NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 413 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 414 Modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 415 1925–1979 1925–1979 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 416 Pahlavi Pahlavi NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 417 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 418 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 419 1925–1979 1925–1979 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 420 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 421 1946 1946 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 422 Iran Iran NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 423 crisis crisis NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 424 Iran Iran NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 425 Constituent Constituent NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 426 Assembly Assembly NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 427 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 428 1949 1949 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 429 1953 1953 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 430 coup coup FW en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 431 d'état d'état FW en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 432 Iranian Iranian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 433 Revolution Revolution NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 434 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 435 1979 1979 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 436 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 437 Interim Interim NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 438 Government Government NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 439 Islamic Islamic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 440 Republic Republic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 441 1979–present 1979–present CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 442 History History NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 443 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 444 1979 1979 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 445 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 446 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 447 Arab arab JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 448 separatism separatism NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 449 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 450 Khuzestan Khuzestan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 451 Embassy Embassy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 452 siege siege NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 453 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 454 1980 1980 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 455 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 456 Shatt Shatt NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 457 al al NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 458 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 459 Arab Arab NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 460 clashes clash NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 461 Iran Iran NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 462 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 463 Iraq Iraq NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 464 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 465 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 466 1980–88 1980–88 LS en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 467 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 468 Iranian iranian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 469 pilgrim pilgrim NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 470 massacre massacre NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 471 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 472 1987 1987 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 473 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 474 Iran Iran NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 475 Air Air NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 476 Flight Flight NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 477 655 655 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 478 shootdown shootdown NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 479 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 480 1988 1988 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 481 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 482 PJAK pjak NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 483 insurgency insurgency NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 484 Balochistan Balochistan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 485 conflict conflict NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 486 Green Green NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 487 Movement Movement NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 488 Syrian Syrian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 489 Civil Civil NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 490 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 491 Military Military NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 492 intervention intervention NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 493 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 494 ISIL ISIL NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 495 Joint Joint NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 496 Comprehensive Comprehensive NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 497 Plan Plan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 498 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 499 Action Action NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 500 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 501 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 502 withdrawal withdrawal NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 503 2017–18 2017–18 NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 504 protests protest NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 505 2018–19 2018–19 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 506 protests protest NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 507 COVID-19 COVID-19 , en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 508 pandemic pandemic NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 509 See see VB en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 510 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 511 Ancient Ancient NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 512 Iran Iran NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 513 Greater Greater NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 514 Iran Iran NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 515 Iranic Iranic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 516 peoples people NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 517   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 518 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 519 languages language NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 520 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 521 Kura Kura NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 522 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 523 Araxes araxe NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 524 culture culture NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 525 Jiroft Jiroft NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 526 culture culture NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 527 Aryans aryan VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 528 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 529 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 530 Azerbaijanis Azerbaijanis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 531 Caucasian caucasian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 532 peoples people NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 533 Kings king NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 534 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 535 Persia Persia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 536 Heads Heads NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 537 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 538 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 539 Cities Cities NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 540 Military Military NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 541 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 542 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 543 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 544 democracy democracy NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 545 List list NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 546 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 547 years year NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 548 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 549 Iran Iran NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 550 Geography Geography NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 551 Borders Borders NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 552 Cities Cities NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 553   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 554 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 555 list list NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 556 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 557 Earthquakes Earthquakes NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 558 Iranian Iranian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 559 Azerbaijan Azerbaijan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 560 Iranian Iranian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 561 Balochistan Balochistan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 562 Caspian Caspian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 563 Hyrcanian hyrcanian JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 564 mixed mixed JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 565 forests forest NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 566 Caucasus Caucasus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 567 Iranian Iranian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 568 Kurdistan Kurdistan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 569 Iranian Iranian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 570 Plateau Plateau NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 571 Lake Lake NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 572 Urmia Urmia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 573 Islands Islands NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 574 Mountains Mountains NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 575 Provinces province VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 576 Wildlife Wildlife NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 577 Politics Politics NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 578 General General NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 579 Censorship Censorship NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 580 Constitution Constitution NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 581   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 582 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 583 Persian Persian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 584 Constitutional Constitutional NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 585 Revolution Revolution NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 586 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 587 Elections election NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 588   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 589 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 590 2009 2009 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 591 presidential presidential JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 592 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 593 Foreign foreign JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 594 relations relation NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 595 Human human JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 596 rights right NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 597   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 598 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 599 LGBT LGBT VBN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 600 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 601 Judicial judicial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 602 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 603 Military military NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 604   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 605 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 606 Army Army NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 607 Air Air NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 608 Force Force NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 609 Navy Navy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 610 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 611 Ministry Ministry NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 612 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 613 Intelligence Intelligence NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 614 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 615 National National NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 616 Security Security NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 617 Cyberwarfare Cyberwarfare NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 618 Nuclear nuclear JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 619 program program NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 620   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 621 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 622 UN UN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 623 Security Security NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 624 Council Council NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 625 Resolution Resolution NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 626 1747 1747 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 627 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 628 Political political JJ en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 629 parties party NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 630 Principlists Principlists NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 631 Propaganda Propaganda NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 632 Reformists reformist VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 633 Terrorism Terrorism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 634   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 635 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 636 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 637 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 638 sponsorship sponsorship NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 639 allegations allegation NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 640 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 641 White White NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 642 Revolution Revolution NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 643 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 644 1963 1963 CD en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 645 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 646 Women woman NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 647 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 648 rights right NNS en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 649 movement movement NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 650 Councils Councils NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 651 Assembly Assembly NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 652 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 653 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 654 Council Council NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 655 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 656 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 657 Experts Experts NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 658 Expediency Expediency NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 659 Discernment Discernment NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 660 Council Council NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 661 City City NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 662 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 663 Village Village NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 664 Councils Councils NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 665 Guardian Guardian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 666 Council Council NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 667 Islamic Islamic NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 668 Consultative Consultative NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 669 Assembly Assembly NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 670 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 671 parliament parliament NN en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 672 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 673 Supreme Supreme NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 674 National National NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 675 Security Security NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 676 Council Council NNP en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 677 Officials Officials NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5482 320 678 Ambassadors 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