id sid tid token lemma pos en-wikipedia-org-1089 1 1 Papyrus Papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 1 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-1089 1 3 Wikipedia wikipedia NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 1 4 Papyrus Papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 1 5 From from IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 1 6 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 1 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 1 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 1 9 free free JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 1 10 encyclopedia encyclopedia NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 1 11 Jump Jump NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 1 12 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 1 13 navigation navigation NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 1 14 Jump Jump NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 1 15 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-1089 1 16 search search VB en-wikipedia-org-1089 1 17 Writing writing NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 1 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 1 19 implement implement VB en-wikipedia-org-1089 1 20 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 1 21 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 1 22 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 1 23 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 1 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 1 25 paper paper NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 1 26 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-1089 1 27 like like JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 1 28 material material NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 1 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 2 1 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 2 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 2 3 plant plant NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 2 4 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-1089 2 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 2 6 made make VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 2 7 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 2 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 2 9 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-1089 2 10 Cyperus Cyperus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 2 11 papyrus papyru NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 2 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 3 1 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 3 2 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 3 3 uses use NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 3 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 3 5 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-1089 3 6 Papyrus Papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 3 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 3 8 disambiguation disambiguation NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 3 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 3 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 4 1 Papyrus Papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 4 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 4 3 P. P. NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 4 4 BM BM NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 4 5 EA EA NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 4 6 10591 10591 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 4 7 recto recto NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 4 8 column column NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 4 9 IX IX NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 4 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 4 11 beginning begin VBG en-wikipedia-org-1089 4 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 4 13 lines line NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 4 14 13–17 13–17 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 4 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 4 16 Papyrus Papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 4 17 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 4 18 /pəˈpaɪrəs/ /pəˈpaɪrəs/ NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 4 19 pə pə NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 4 20 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-1089 4 21 PYE PYE NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 4 22 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-1089 4 23 rəs rəs NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 4 24 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 4 25 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 4 26 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 4 27 material material NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 4 28 similar similar JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 4 29 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 4 30 thick thick JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 4 31 paper paper NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 4 32 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-1089 4 33 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 4 34 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 4 35 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 4 36 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 4 37 times time NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 4 38 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 4 39 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 4 40 writing writing NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 4 41 surface surface NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 4 42 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 5 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-1089 5 2 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 5 3 made make VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 5 4 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 5 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 5 6 pith pith NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 5 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 5 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 5 9 papyrus papyrus JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 5 10 plant plant NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 5 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 5 12 Cyperus Cyperus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 5 13 papyrus papyrus NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 5 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 5 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 5 16 wetland wetland NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 5 17 sedge sedge NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 5 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 6 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 6 2 1 1 LS en-wikipedia-org-1089 6 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 6 4 Papyrus Papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 6 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 6 6 plural plural JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 6 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 6 8 papyri papyrus NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 6 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 6 10 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-1089 6 11 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 6 12 refer refer VB en-wikipedia-org-1089 6 13 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 6 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 6 15 document document NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 6 16 written write VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 6 17 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 6 18 sheets sheet NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 6 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 6 20 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 6 21 material material NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 6 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 6 23 joined join VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 6 24 together together RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 6 25 side side NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 6 26 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 6 27 side side NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 6 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 6 29 rolled roll VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 6 30 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-1089 6 31 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 6 32 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 6 33 scroll scroll NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 6 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 6 35 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 6 36 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 6 37 form form NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 6 38 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 6 39 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 6 40 book book NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 6 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 7 1 An an DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 7 2 official official JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 7 3 letter letter NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 7 4 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 7 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 7 6 papyrus papyrus NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 7 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 7 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 7 9 3rd 3rd JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 7 10 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 7 11 BCE BCE NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 7 12 Papyrus Papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 7 13 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 7 14 first first RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 7 15 known know VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 7 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-1089 7 17 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-1089 7 18 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 7 19 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 7 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 7 21 Egypt Egypt NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 7 22 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 7 23 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 7 24 least least JJS en-wikipedia-org-1089 7 25 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 7 26 far far RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 7 27 back back RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 7 28 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 7 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 7 30 First First NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 7 31 Dynasty Dynasty NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 7 32 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 7 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 7 34 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 7 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 7 36 papyrus papyrus JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 7 37 plant plant NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 7 38 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 7 39 once once RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 7 40 abundant abundant JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 7 41 across across IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 7 42 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 7 43 Nile Nile NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 7 44 Delta Delta NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 7 45 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 8 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-1089 8 2 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 8 3 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 8 4 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 8 5 throughout throughout IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 8 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 8 7 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 8 8 region region NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 8 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 8 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 8 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 8 12 Kingdom Kingdom NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 8 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 8 14 Kush Kush NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 8 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 9 1 Apart apart RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 9 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 9 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 9 4 writing writing NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 9 5 material material NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 9 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 9 7 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 9 8 Egyptians Egyptians NNPS en-wikipedia-org-1089 9 9 employed employ VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 9 10 papyrus papyru NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 9 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 9 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 9 13 construction construction NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 9 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 9 15 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 9 16 artifacts artifact NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 9 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 9 18 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 9 19 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 9 20 reed reed NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 9 21 boats boat NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 9 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 9 23 mats mat NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 9 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 9 25 rope rope NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 9 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 9 27 sandals sandal NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 9 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 9 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 9 30 baskets basket NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 9 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 2 2 2 LS en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 4 Contents content NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 5 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 6 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 7 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 8 Etymology etymology NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 9 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 10 Documents Documents NNPS en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 11 written write VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 12 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 13 papyrus papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 14 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 15 Manufacture Manufacture NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 17 use use VB en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 18 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 19 Collections collection NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 21 papyri papyri JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 22 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 23 Papyrus Papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 24 art art NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 25 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 26 See see VB en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 27 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 28 8 8 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 29 References reference NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 30 8.1 8.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 31 Citations citation NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 32 8.2 8.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 33 Sources source NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 34 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 35 Further further RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 36 reading read VBG en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 37 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 38 External external JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 39 links link NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 40 History[edit history[edit VBP en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 41 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 42 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 43 section section NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 44 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 45 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 46 Egyptian Egyptian NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 47 Book Book NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 48 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 49 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 50 Dead Dead NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 51 written write VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 52 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 53 papyrus papyrus JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 54 Papyrus Papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 55 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 56 first first RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 57 manufactured manufacture VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 58 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 59 Egypt Egypt NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 60 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 61 far far RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 62 back back RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 63 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 64 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 65 fourth fourth JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 66 millennium millennium NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 67 BCE BCE NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 10 68 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 11 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 11 2 3][4][5 3][4][5 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 11 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 11 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 11 5 earliest early JJS en-wikipedia-org-1089 11 6 archaeological archaeological JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 11 7 evidence evidence NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 11 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 11 9 papyrus papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 11 10 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 11 11 excavated excavate VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 11 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 11 13 2012 2012 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 11 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 11 15 2013 2013 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 11 16 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 11 17 Wadi Wadi NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 11 18 al al NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 11 19 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-1089 11 20 Jarf Jarf NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 11 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 11 22 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 11 23 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 11 24 Egyptian egyptian JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 11 25 harbor harbor NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 11 26 located locate VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 11 27 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 11 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 11 29 Red Red NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 11 30 Sea Sea NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 11 31 coast coast NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 11 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 12 1 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 12 2 documents document NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 12 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 12 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 12 5 Diary Diary NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 12 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 12 7 Merer Merer NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 12 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 12 9 date date NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 12 10 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 12 11 c. c. NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 12 12 2560–2550 2560–2550 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 12 13 BCE BCE NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 12 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 12 15 end end NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 12 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 12 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 12 18 reign reign NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 12 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 12 20 Khufu Khufu NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 12 21 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 12 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 13 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 13 2 4 4 LS en-wikipedia-org-1089 13 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 13 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 13 5 papyrus papyrus NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 13 6 rolls roll NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 13 7 describe describe VBP en-wikipedia-org-1089 13 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 13 9 last last JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 13 10 years year NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 13 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 13 12 building build VBG en-wikipedia-org-1089 13 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 13 14 Great Great NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 13 15 Pyramid Pyramid NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 13 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 13 17 Giza Giza NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 13 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 14 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 14 2 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 14 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 14 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 14 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 14 6 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 14 7 centuries century NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 14 8 BCE BCE NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 14 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 14 10 CE CE NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 14 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 14 12 papyrus papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 14 13 scrolls scroll NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 14 14 gained gain VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 14 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 14 16 rival rival NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 14 17 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 14 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 14 19 writing writing NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 14 20 surface surface NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 14 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 14 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 14 23 form form NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 14 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 14 25 parchment parchment NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 14 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 14 27 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-1089 14 28 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 14 29 prepared prepare VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 14 30 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 14 31 animal animal NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 14 32 skins skin NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 14 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 15 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 15 2 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 15 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 15 4 Sheets Sheets NNPS en-wikipedia-org-1089 15 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 15 6 parchment parchment NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 15 7 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 15 8 folded fold VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 15 9 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-1089 15 10 form form VB en-wikipedia-org-1089 15 11 quires quire NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 15 12 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 15 13 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-1089 15 14 book book NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 15 15 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-1089 15 16 form form NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 15 17 codices codex NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 15 18 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 15 19 fashioned fashion VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 15 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 16 1 Early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 16 2 Christian christian JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 16 3 writers writer NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 16 4 soon soon RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 16 5 adopted adopt VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 16 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 16 7 codex codex NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 16 8 form form NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 16 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 16 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 16 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 16 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 16 13 Græco Græco NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 16 14 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-1089 16 15 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 16 16 world world NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 16 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 16 18 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-1089 16 19 became become VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 16 20 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 16 21 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-1089 16 22 cut cut VB en-wikipedia-org-1089 16 23 sheets sheet NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 16 24 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 16 25 papyrus papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 16 26 rolls roll NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 16 27 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-1089 16 28 form form VB en-wikipedia-org-1089 16 29 codices codex NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 16 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 1 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 2 portraiture portraiture NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 3 fresco fresco NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 6 young young JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 7 man man NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 8 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 10 papyrus papyrus JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 11 scroll scroll NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 13 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 14 Herculaneum Herculaneum NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 16 1st 1st JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 17 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 18 AD AD NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 19 Codices Codices NNPS en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 20 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 21 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 22 improvement improvement NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 23 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 25 papyrus papyrus JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 26 scroll scroll NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 28 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 30 papyrus papyrus NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 31 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 32 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 33 pliable pliable JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 34 enough enough RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 35 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 36 fold fold VB en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 37 without without IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 38 cracking crack VBG en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 39 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 40 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 41 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 42 roll roll NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 44 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 45 scroll scroll NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 46 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 47 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 48 required require VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 49 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 50 create create VB en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 51 large large JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 52 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 53 volume volume NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 54 texts text NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 17 55 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 18 1 Papyrus Papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 18 2 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 18 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 18 4 advantage advantage NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 18 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 18 6 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-1089 18 7 relatively relatively RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 18 8 cheap cheap JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 18 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 18 10 easy easy JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 18 11 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-1089 18 12 produce produce VB en-wikipedia-org-1089 18 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 18 14 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 18 15 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-1089 18 16 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 18 17 fragile fragile JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 18 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 18 19 susceptible susceptible JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 18 20 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 18 21 both both CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 18 22 moisture moisture NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 18 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 18 24 excessive excessive JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 18 25 dryness dryness NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 18 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 19 1 Unless unless IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 19 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 19 3 papyrus papyrus NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 19 4 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 19 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 19 6 perfect perfect JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 19 7 quality quality NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 19 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 19 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 19 10 writing writing NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 19 11 surface surface NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 19 12 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 19 13 irregular irregular JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 19 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 19 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 19 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 19 17 range range NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 19 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 19 19 media medium NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 19 20 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-1089 19 21 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-1089 19 22 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-1089 19 23 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 19 24 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 19 25 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 19 26 limited limit VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 19 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 20 1 Papyrus Papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 20 2 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 20 3 replaced replace VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 20 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 20 5 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 20 6 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 20 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 20 8 cheaper cheap JJR en-wikipedia-org-1089 20 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 20 10 locally locally RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 20 11 produced produce VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 20 12 products product NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 20 13 parchment parchment NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 20 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 20 15 vellum vellum NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 20 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 20 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 20 18 significantly significantly RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 20 19 higher high JJR en-wikipedia-org-1089 20 20 durability durability NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 20 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 20 22 moist moist JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 20 23 climates climate NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 20 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 20 25 though though IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 20 26 Henri Henri NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 20 27 Pirenne Pirenne NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 20 28 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-1089 20 29 connection connection NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 20 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 20 31 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-1089 20 32 disappearance disappearance NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 20 33 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 20 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 20 35 Muslim muslim JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 20 36 conquest conquest NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 20 37 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 20 38 Egypt Egypt NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 20 39 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 20 40 contested contest VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 20 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 21 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 21 2 8 8 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 21 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 21 4 Its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-1089 21 5 last last JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 21 6 appearance appearance NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 21 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 21 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 21 9 Merovingian merovingian JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 21 10 chancery chancery NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 21 11 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 21 12 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 21 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 21 14 document document NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 21 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 21 16 692 692 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 21 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 21 18 though though IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 21 19 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-1089 21 20 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 21 21 known know VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 21 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 21 23 Gaul Gaul NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 21 24 until until IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 21 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 21 26 middle middle NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 21 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 21 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 21 29 following follow VBG en-wikipedia-org-1089 21 30 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 21 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 22 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 22 2 latest late JJS en-wikipedia-org-1089 22 3 certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 22 4 dates date NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 22 5 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 22 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 22 7 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 22 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 22 9 papyrus papyru NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 22 10 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-1089 22 11 1057 1057 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 22 12 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 22 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 22 14 papal papal JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 22 15 decree decree NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 22 16 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 22 17 typically typically RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 22 18 conservative conservative JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 22 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 22 20 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 22 21 papal papal JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 22 22 bulls bull NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 22 23 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 22 24 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 22 25 papyrus papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 22 26 until until IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 22 27 1022 1022 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 22 28 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 22 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 22 30 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 22 31 Pope Pope NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 22 32 Victor Victor NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 22 33 II,[9 II,[9 VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 22 34 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 22 35 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 22 36 1087 1087 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 22 37 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 22 38 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 22 39 Arabic arabic JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 22 40 document document NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 22 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 23 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-1089 23 2 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 23 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 23 4 Egypt Egypt NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 23 5 continued continue VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 23 6 until until IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 23 7 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-1089 23 8 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 23 9 replaced replace VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 23 10 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 23 11 less less RBR en-wikipedia-org-1089 23 12 expensive expensive JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 23 13 paper paper NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 23 14 introduced introduce VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 23 15 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 23 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 23 17 Islamic islamic JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 23 18 world world NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 23 19 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-1089 23 20 originally originally RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 23 21 learned learn VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 23 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 23 23 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-1089 23 24 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 23 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 23 26 Chinese Chinese NNPS en-wikipedia-org-1089 23 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 24 1 By by IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 24 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 24 3 12th 12th JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 24 4 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 24 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 24 6 parchment parchment NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 24 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 24 8 paper paper NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 24 9 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 24 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 24 11 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 24 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 24 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 24 14 Byzantine Byzantine NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 24 15 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 24 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 24 17 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 24 18 papyrus papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 24 19 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 24 20 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 24 21 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 24 22 option option NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 24 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 25 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 25 2 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 25 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 25 4 Papyrus Papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 25 5 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 25 6 made make VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 25 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 25 8 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 25 9 qualities quality NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 25 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 25 11 prices price NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 25 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 26 1 Pliny Pliny NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 26 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 26 3 Elder eld JJR en-wikipedia-org-1089 26 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 26 5 Isidore Isidore NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 26 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 26 7 Seville Seville NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 26 8 described describe VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 26 9 six six CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 26 10 variations variation NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 26 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 26 12 papyrus papyru NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 26 13 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-1089 26 14 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 26 15 sold sell VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 26 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 26 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 26 18 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 26 19 market market NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 26 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 26 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 26 22 day day NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 26 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 27 1 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 27 2 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 27 3 graded grade VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 27 4 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 27 5 quality quality NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 27 6 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 27 7 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 27 8 how how WRB en-wikipedia-org-1089 27 9 fine fine JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 27 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 27 11 firm firm JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 27 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 27 13 white white JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 27 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 27 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 27 16 smooth smooth VB en-wikipedia-org-1089 27 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 27 18 writing writing NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 27 19 surface surface NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 27 20 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 27 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 28 1 Grades grade NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 28 2 ranged range VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 28 3 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 28 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 28 5 superfine superfine JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 28 6 Augustan Augustan NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 28 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 28 8 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-1089 28 9 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 28 10 produced produce VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 28 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 28 12 sheets sheet NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 28 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 28 14 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 28 15 digits digit NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 28 16 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 28 17 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 28 18 inches inch NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 28 19 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 28 20 wide wide RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 28 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 28 22 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 28 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 28 24 least least RBS en-wikipedia-org-1089 28 25 expensive expensive JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 28 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 28 27 most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-1089 28 28 coarse coarse JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 28 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 28 30 measuring measure VBG en-wikipedia-org-1089 28 31 six six CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 28 32 digits digit NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 28 33 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 28 34 four four CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 28 35 inches inch NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 28 36 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 28 37 wide wide RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 28 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 29 1 Materials material NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 29 2 deemed deem VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 29 3 unusable unusable JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 29 4 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 29 5 writing writing NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 29 6 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 29 7 less less JJR en-wikipedia-org-1089 29 8 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 29 9 six six CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 29 10 digits digit NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 29 11 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 29 12 considered consider VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 29 13 commercial commercial JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 29 14 quality quality NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 29 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 29 16 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 29 17 pasted paste VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 29 18 edge edge NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 29 19 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 29 20 edge edge NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 29 21 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-1089 29 22 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-1089 29 23 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 29 24 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 29 25 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 29 26 wrapping wrapping NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 29 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 30 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 30 2 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 30 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 30 4 Until until IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 30 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 30 6 middle middle NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 30 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 30 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 30 9 19th 19th JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 30 10 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 30 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 30 12 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 30 13 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 30 14 isolated isolate VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 30 15 documents document NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 30 16 written write VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 30 17 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 30 18 papyrus papyru NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 30 19 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 30 20 known know VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 30 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 30 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 30 23 museums museum NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 30 24 simply simply RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 30 25 showed show VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 30 26 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-1089 30 27 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 30 28 curiosities curiosity NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 30 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 31 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 31 2 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 31 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 31 4 They -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-1089 31 5 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 31 6 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 31 7 contain contain VB en-wikipedia-org-1089 31 8 literary literary JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 31 9 works work NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 31 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 32 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 32 2 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 32 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 32 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 32 5 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 32 6 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 32 7 discovery discovery NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 32 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 32 9 papyri papyri JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 32 10 rolls roll NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 32 11 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 32 12 made make VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 32 13 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 32 14 Herculaneum Herculaneum NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 32 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 32 16 1752 1752 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 32 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 33 1 Until until IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 33 2 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 33 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 33 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 33 5 only only JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 33 6 papyri papyri NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 33 7 known know VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 33 8 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 33 9 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 33 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 33 11 few few JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 33 12 surviving surviving NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 33 13 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 33 14 medieval medieval JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 33 15 times time NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 33 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 34 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 34 2 14][15 14][15 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 34 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 34 4 Scholarly scholarly JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 34 5 investigations investigation NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 34 6 began begin VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 34 7 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 34 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 34 9 Dutch dutch JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 34 10 historian historian NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 34 11 Caspar Caspar NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 34 12 Jacob Jacob NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 34 13 Christiaan Christiaan NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 34 14 Reuvens Reuvens NNPS en-wikipedia-org-1089 34 15 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 34 16 1793–1835 1793–1835 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 34 17 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 34 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 35 1 He -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-1089 35 2 wrote write VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 35 3 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 35 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 35 5 content content NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 35 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 35 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 35 8 Leyden leyden JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 35 9 papyrus papyrus NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 35 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 35 11 published publish VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 35 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 35 13 1830 1830 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 35 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 36 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 36 2 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 36 3 publication publication NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 36 4 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 36 5 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 36 6 credited credit VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 36 7 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 36 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 36 9 British british JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 36 10 scholar scholar NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 36 11 Charles Charles NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 36 12 Wycliffe Wycliffe NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 36 13 Goodwin Goodwin NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 36 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 36 15 1817–1878 1817–1878 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 36 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 36 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 36 18 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-1089 36 19 published publish VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 36 20 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 36 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 36 22 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 36 23 Antiquarian Antiquarian NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 36 24 Society Society NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 36 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 36 26 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 36 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 36 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 36 29 Papyri Papyri NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 36 30 Graecae Graecae NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 36 31 Magicae Magicae NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 36 32 V V NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 36 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 36 34 translated translate VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 36 35 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 36 36 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 36 37 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 36 38 commentary commentary NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 36 39 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 36 40 1853 1853 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 36 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 37 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 37 2 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 37 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 37 4 Etymology[edit etymology[edit FW en-wikipedia-org-1089 37 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 37 6 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 37 7 English english JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 37 8 word word NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 37 9 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-1089 37 10 papyrus papyrus NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 37 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-1089 37 12 derives derive NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 37 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 37 14 via via IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 37 15 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 37 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 37 17 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 37 18 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 37 19 πάπυρος πάπυρος NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 37 20 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 37 21 papyros),[16 papyros),[16 NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 37 22 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 37 23 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 37 24 loanword loanword NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 37 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 37 26 unknown unknown NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 37 27 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 37 28 perhaps perhaps RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 37 29 Pre Pre NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 37 30 - - NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 37 31 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 37 32 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 37 33 origin origin NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 37 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 38 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 38 2 17 17 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 38 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 38 4 Greek Greek NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 38 5 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 38 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 38 7 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 38 8 word word NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 38 9 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 38 10 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-1089 38 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 38 12 βύβλος βύβλος NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 38 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 38 14 byblos),[18 byblos),[18 NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 38 15 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 38 16 said say VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 38 17 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-1089 38 18 derive derive VB en-wikipedia-org-1089 38 19 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 38 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 38 21 name name NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 38 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 38 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 38 24 Phoenician phoenician JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 38 25 city city NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 38 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 38 27 Byblos Byblos NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 38 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 39 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 39 2 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 39 3 writer writer NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 39 4 Theophrastus Theophrastus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 39 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 39 6 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-1089 39 7 flourished flourish VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 39 8 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 39 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 39 10 4th 4th JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 39 11 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 39 12 BCE BCE NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 39 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 39 14 uses use VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 39 15 papyros papyro NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 39 16 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-1089 39 17 referring refer VBG en-wikipedia-org-1089 39 18 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 39 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 39 20 plant plant NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 39 21 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 39 22 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 39 23 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 39 24 foodstuff foodstuff NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 39 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 39 26 byblos byblos NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 39 27 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 39 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 39 29 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 39 30 plant plant NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 39 31 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-1089 39 32 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 39 33 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 39 34 nonfood nonfood JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 39 35 products product NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 39 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 39 37 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 39 38 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 39 39 cordage cordage NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 39 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 39 41 basketry basketry NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 39 42 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 39 43 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 39 44 writing writing NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 39 45 surfaces surface NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 39 46 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 40 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 40 2 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-1089 40 3 specific specific JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 40 4 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 40 5 βίβλος βίβλος NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 40 6 biblos biblos NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 40 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 40 8 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-1089 40 9 finds find VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 40 10 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-1089 40 11 way way NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 40 12 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 40 13 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 40 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 40 15 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 40 16 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 40 17 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 40 18 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-1089 40 19 bibliography bibliography NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 40 20 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-1089 40 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 40 22 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-1089 40 23 bibliophile bibliophile JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 40 24 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-1089 40 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 40 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 40 27 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-1089 40 28 bible bible NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 40 29 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-1089 40 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 40 31 refers refer VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 40 32 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 40 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 40 34 inner inner JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 40 35 bark bark NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 40 36 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 40 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 40 38 papyrus papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 40 39 plant plant NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 40 40 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 41 1 Papyrus Papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 41 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 41 3 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 41 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 41 5 etymon etymon NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 41 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 41 7 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-1089 41 8 paper paper NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 41 9 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-1089 41 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 41 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 41 12 similar similar JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 41 13 substance substance NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 41 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 42 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 42 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 42 3 Egyptian egyptian JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 42 4 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 42 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 42 6 papyrus papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 42 7 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 42 8 called call VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 42 9 wadj wadj NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 42 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 42 11 w3ḏ w3ḏ NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 42 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 42 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 42 14 tjufy tjufy NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 42 15 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 42 16 ṯwfy ṯwfy NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 42 17 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 42 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 42 19 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 42 20 djet djet NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 42 21 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 42 22 ḏt ḏt NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 42 23 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 42 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 1 Documents document NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 2 written write VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 3 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 4 papyrus[edit papyrus[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 6 Bill bill NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 8 sale sale NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 9 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 11 donkey donkey NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 13 papyrus papyru NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 14 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 15 19.3 19.3 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 16 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 17 7.2 7.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 18   _SP en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 19 cm cm NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 21 MS MS NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 22 Gr Gr NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 23 SM2223 SM2223 NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 25 Houghton Houghton NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 26 Library Library NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 28 Harvard Harvard NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 29 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 30 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 31 word word NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 32 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 34 material material NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 35 papyrus papyrus NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 36 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 37 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 38 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 39 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 40 designate designate VB en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 41 documents document NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 42 written write VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 43 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 44 sheets sheet NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 45 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 46 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 47 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 48 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 49 rolled roll VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 50 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 51 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 52 scrolls scroll NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 43 53 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 44 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 44 2 plural plural NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 44 3 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 44 4 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 44 5 documents document NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 44 6 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 44 7 papyri papyri JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 44 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 45 1 Historical historical JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 45 2 papyri papyrus NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 45 3 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-1089 45 4 given give VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 45 5 identifying identify VBG en-wikipedia-org-1089 45 6 names name NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 45 7 — — : en-wikipedia-org-1089 45 8 generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 45 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 45 10 name name NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 45 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 45 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 45 13 discoverer discoverer NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 45 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 45 15 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 45 16 owner owner NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 45 17 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 45 18 institution institution NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 45 19 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-1089 45 20 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-1089 45 21 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-1089 45 22 kept keep VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 45 23 — — : en-wikipedia-org-1089 45 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 45 25 numbered number VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 45 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 45 27 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 45 28 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 45 29 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-1089 45 30 Papyrus Papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 45 31 Harris Harris NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 45 32 I I NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 45 33 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-1089 45 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 46 1 Often often RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 46 2 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 46 3 abbreviated abbreviate VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 46 4 form form NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 46 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 46 6 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 46 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 46 8 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 46 9 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 46 10 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-1089 46 11 pHarris pHarris NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 46 12 I I NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 46 13 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-1089 46 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 1 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 2 documents document NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 3 provide provide VBP en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 4 important important JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 5 information information NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 6 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 7 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 8 writings writing NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 9 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 10 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 11 give give VBP en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 12 us -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 14 only only JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 15 extant extant JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 16 copy copy NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 18 Menander Menander NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 21 Egyptian Egyptian NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 22 Book Book NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 25 Dead dead JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 27 Egyptian egyptian JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 28 treatises treatise NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 29 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 30 medicine medicine NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 31 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 33 Ebers Ebers NNPS en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 34 Papyrus Papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 35 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 36 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 37 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 38 surgery surgery NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 39 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 40 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 41 Edwin Edwin NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 42 Smith Smith NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 43 papyrus papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 44 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 45 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 46 Egyptian egyptian JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 47 mathematical mathematical JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 48 treatises treatise NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 49 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 50 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 51 Rhind Rhind NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 52 papyrus papyrus NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 53 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 54 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 55 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 56 Egyptian egyptian JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 57 folk folk NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 58 tales tale NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 59 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 60 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 61 Westcar Westcar NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 62 papyrus papyrus NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 63 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 47 64 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 48 1 When when WRB en-wikipedia-org-1089 48 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 48 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 48 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 48 5 18th 18th JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 48 6 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 48 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 48 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 48 9 library library NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 48 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 48 11 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 48 12 papyri papyri NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 48 13 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 48 14 found find VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 48 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 48 16 Herculaneum Herculaneum NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 48 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 48 18 ripples ripple NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 48 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 48 20 expectation expectation NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 48 21 spread spread VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 48 22 among among IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 48 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 48 24 learned learn VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 48 25 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 48 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 48 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 48 28 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 48 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 49 1 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 49 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 49 3 since since IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 49 4 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 49 5 papyri papyrus NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 49 6 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 49 7 badly badly RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 49 8 charred char VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 49 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 49 10 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-1089 49 11 unscrolling unscrolling NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 49 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 49 13 deciphering deciphering NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 49 14 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 49 15 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 49 16 going go VBG en-wikipedia-org-1089 49 17 on on RP en-wikipedia-org-1089 49 18 today today NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 49 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 50 1 Manufacture manufacture NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 50 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 50 3 use[edit use[edit NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 50 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 50 5 Men Men NNPS en-wikipedia-org-1089 50 6 splitting splitting NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 50 7 papyrus papyru NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 50 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 50 9 Tomb Tomb NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 50 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 50 11 Puyemré Puyemré NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 50 12 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-1089 50 13 Metropolitan Metropolitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 50 14 Museum Museum NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 50 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 50 16 Art Art NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 50 17 Different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 50 18 ways way NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 50 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 50 20 cutting cut VBG en-wikipedia-org-1089 50 21 papyrus papyrus JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 50 22 stem stem NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 50 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 50 24 making making NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 50 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 50 26 papyrus papyrus JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 50 27 sheet sheet NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 50 28 Papyrus Papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 50 29 plants plant NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 50 30 near near IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 50 31 Syracuse Syracuse NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 50 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 50 33 Sicily Sicily NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 50 34 Papyrus Papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 50 35 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 50 36 made make VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 50 37 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 50 38 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 50 39 stem stem NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 50 40 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 50 41 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 50 42 papyrus papyrus JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 50 43 plant plant NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 50 44 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 50 45 Cyperus Cyperus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 50 46 papyrus papyru NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 50 47 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 51 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 51 2 outer outer JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 51 3 rind rind NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 51 4 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 51 5 first first RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 51 6 removed remove VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 51 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 51 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 51 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 51 10 sticky sticky JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 51 11 fibrous fibrous JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 51 12 inner inner JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 51 13 pith pith NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 51 14 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 51 15 cut cut VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 51 16 lengthwise lengthwise RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 51 17 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 51 18 thin thin JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 51 19 strips strip NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 51 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 51 21 about about RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 51 22 40 40 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 51 23   _SP en-wikipedia-org-1089 51 24 cm cm NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 51 25 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 51 26 16 16 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 51 27   _SP en-wikipedia-org-1089 51 28 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 51 29 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 51 30 long long RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 51 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 52 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 52 2 strips strip NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 52 3 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-1089 52 4 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 52 5 placed place VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 52 6 side side NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 52 7 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 52 8 side side NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 52 9 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 52 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 52 11 hard hard JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 52 12 surface surface NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 52 13 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 52 14 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-1089 52 15 edges edge NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 52 16 slightly slightly RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 52 17 overlapping overlap VBG en-wikipedia-org-1089 52 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 52 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 52 20 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 52 21 another another DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 52 22 layer layer NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 52 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 52 24 strips strip NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 52 25 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 52 26 laid lay VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 52 27 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 52 28 top top NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 52 29 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 52 30 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 52 31 right right JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 52 32 angle angle NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 52 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 53 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 53 2 strips strip NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 53 3 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-1089 53 4 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-1089 53 5 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 53 6 soaked soak VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 53 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 53 8 water water NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 53 9 long long RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 53 10 enough enough RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 53 11 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 53 12 decomposition decomposition NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 53 13 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-1089 53 14 begin begin VB en-wikipedia-org-1089 53 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 53 16 perhaps perhaps RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 53 17 increasing increase VBG en-wikipedia-org-1089 53 18 adhesion adhesion NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 53 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 53 20 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 53 21 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 53 22 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 53 23 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 53 24 certain certain JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 53 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 54 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 54 2 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 54 3 layers layer NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 54 4 possibly possibly RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 54 5 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 54 6 glued glue VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 54 7 together together RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 54 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 55 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 55 2 19 19 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 55 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 55 4 While while IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 55 5 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 55 6 moist moist VBP en-wikipedia-org-1089 55 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 55 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 55 9 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 55 10 layers layer NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 55 11 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-1089 55 12 hammered hammer VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 55 13 together together RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 55 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 55 15 mashing mash VBG en-wikipedia-org-1089 55 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 55 17 layers layer NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 55 18 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 55 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 55 20 single single JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 55 21 sheet sheet NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 55 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 56 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 56 2 sheet sheet NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 56 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 56 4 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 56 5 dried dry VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 56 6 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 56 7 pressure pressure NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 56 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 57 1 After after IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 57 2 drying dry VBG en-wikipedia-org-1089 57 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 57 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 57 5 sheet sheet NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 57 6 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 57 7 polished polished JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 57 8 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 57 9 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 57 10 rounded rounded JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 57 11 object object NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 57 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 57 13 possibly possibly RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 57 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 57 15 stone stone NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 57 16 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 57 17 seashell seashell NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 57 18 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 57 19 round round JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 57 20 hardwood hardwood NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 57 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 58 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 58 2 20 20 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 58 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 58 4 Sheets sheet NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 58 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 58 6 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 58 7 kollema kollema NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 58 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 58 9 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-1089 58 10 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-1089 58 11 cut cut VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 58 12 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-1089 58 13 fit fit VB en-wikipedia-org-1089 58 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 58 15 obligatory obligatory JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 58 16 size size NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 58 17 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 58 18 glued glue VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 58 19 together together RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 58 20 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-1089 58 21 create create VB en-wikipedia-org-1089 58 22 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 58 23 longer long JJR en-wikipedia-org-1089 58 24 roll roll NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 58 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 59 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 59 2 point point NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 59 3 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-1089 59 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 59 5 kollema kollema NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 59 6 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-1089 59 7 joined join VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 59 8 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 59 9 glue glue NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 59 10 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 59 11 called call VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 59 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 59 13 kollesis kollesis NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 59 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 60 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 60 2 wooden wooden JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 60 3 stick stick NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 60 4 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-1089 60 5 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-1089 60 6 attached attach VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 60 7 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 60 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 60 9 last last JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 60 10 sheet sheet NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 60 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 60 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 60 13 roll roll NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 60 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 60 15 making make VBG en-wikipedia-org-1089 60 16 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-1089 60 17 easier easy JJR en-wikipedia-org-1089 60 18 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-1089 60 19 handle handle VB en-wikipedia-org-1089 60 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 61 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 61 2 21 21 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 61 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 61 4 To to TO en-wikipedia-org-1089 61 5 form form VB en-wikipedia-org-1089 61 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 61 7 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 61 8 strip strip NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 61 9 scrolls scroll VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 61 10 required require VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 61 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 61 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 61 13 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 61 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 61 15 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 61 16 sheets sheet NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 61 17 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 61 18 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the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 61 43 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 61 44 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 62 1 Normally normally RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 62 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 62 3 texts text NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 62 4 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 62 5 first first RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 62 6 written write VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 62 7 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 62 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 62 9 recto recto NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 62 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 62 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 62 12 lines line NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 62 13 following follow VBG en-wikipedia-org-1089 62 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 62 15 fibres fibre NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 62 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 62 17 parallel parallel JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 62 18 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 62 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 62 20 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 62 21 edges edge NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 62 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 62 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 62 24 scroll scroll NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 62 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 63 1 Secondarily secondarily RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 63 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 63 3 papyrus papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 63 4 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 63 5 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 63 6 reused reuse VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 63 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 63 8 writing write VBG en-wikipedia-org-1089 63 9 across across IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 63 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 63 11 fibres fibre NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 63 12 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 63 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 63 14 verso verso NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 63 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 64 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 64 2 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 64 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 64 4 Pliny Pliny NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 64 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 64 6 Elder elder NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 64 7 describes describe VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 64 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 64 9 methods method NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 64 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 64 11 preparing prepare VBG en-wikipedia-org-1089 64 12 papyrus papyru NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 64 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 64 14 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-1089 64 15 Naturalis Naturalis NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 64 16 Historia Historia NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 64 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 65 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 65 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 65 3 dry dry JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 65 4 climate climate NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 65 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 65 6 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 65 7 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 65 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 65 9 Egypt Egypt NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 65 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 65 11 papyrus papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 65 12 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 65 13 stable stable JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 65 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 65 15 formed form VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 65 16 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 65 17 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-1089 65 18 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 65 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 65 20 highly highly RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 65 21 rot rot VB en-wikipedia-org-1089 65 22 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-1089 65 23 resistant resistant JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 65 24 cellulose cellulose NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 65 25 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-1089 65 26 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 65 27 storage storage NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 65 28 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 65 29 humid humid JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 65 30 conditions condition NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 65 31 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-1089 65 32 result result VB en-wikipedia-org-1089 65 33 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 65 34 molds mold NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 65 35 attacking attack VBG en-wikipedia-org-1089 65 36 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 65 37 destroying destroy VBG en-wikipedia-org-1089 65 38 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 65 39 material material NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 65 40 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 66 1 Library library JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 66 2 papyrus papyrus NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 66 3 rolls roll NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 66 4 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 66 5 stored store VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 66 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 66 7 wooden wooden JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 66 8 boxes box NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 66 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 66 10 chests chest NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 66 11 made make VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 66 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 66 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 66 14 form form NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 66 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 66 16 statues statue NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 66 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 67 1 Papyrus Papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 67 2 scrolls scroll NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 67 3 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 67 4 organized organize VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 67 5 according accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-1089 67 6 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 67 7 subject subject NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 67 8 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 67 9 author author NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 67 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 67 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 67 12 identified identify VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 67 13 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 67 14 clay clay NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 67 15 labels label NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 67 16 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-1089 67 17 specified specify VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 67 18 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-1089 67 19 contents content NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 67 20 without without IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 67 21 having have VBG en-wikipedia-org-1089 67 22 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-1089 67 23 unroll unroll VB en-wikipedia-org-1089 67 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 67 25 scroll scroll NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 67 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 68 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 68 2 22 22 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 68 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 68 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 68 5 European european JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 68 6 conditions condition NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 68 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 68 8 papyrus papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 68 9 seems seem VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 68 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-1089 68 11 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-1089 68 12 lasted last VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 68 13 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 68 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 68 15 matter matter NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 68 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 68 17 decades decade NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 68 18 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-1089 68 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 68 20 200-year 200-year CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 68 21 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-1089 68 22 old old JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 68 23 papyrus papyrus NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 68 24 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 68 25 considered consider VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 68 26 extraordinary extraordinary JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 68 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 69 1 Imported import VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 69 2 papyrus papyru NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 69 3 once once RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 69 4 commonplace commonplace RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 69 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 69 6 Greece Greece NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 69 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 69 8 Italy Italy NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 69 9 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 69 10 since since IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 69 11 deteriorated deteriorate VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 69 12 beyond beyond IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 69 13 repair repair NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 69 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 69 15 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 69 16 papyri papyri JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 69 17 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-1089 69 18 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 69 19 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-1089 69 20 found find VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 69 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 69 22 Egypt Egypt NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 69 23 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-1089 69 24 extraordinary extraordinary JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 69 25 examples example NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 69 26 include include VBP en-wikipedia-org-1089 69 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 69 28 Elephantine Elephantine NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 69 29 papyri papyri NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 69 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 69 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 69 32 famous famous JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 69 33 finds find NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 69 34 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 69 35 Oxyrhynchus Oxyrhynchus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 69 36 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 69 37 Nag Nag NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 69 38 Hammadi Hammadi NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 69 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 70 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 70 2 Villa Villa NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 70 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 70 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 70 5 Papyri Papyri NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 70 6 at at IN 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70 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 70 31 eruption eruption NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 70 32 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 70 33 Mount Mount NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 70 34 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 70 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 70 36 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 70 37 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 70 38 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 70 39 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 70 40 partially partially RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 70 41 excavated excavate VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 70 42 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 71 1 Sporadic sporadic JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 71 2 attempts attempt NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 71 3 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-1089 71 4 revive revive VB en-wikipedia-org-1089 71 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 71 6 manufacture manufacture NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 71 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 71 8 papyrus papyru NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 71 9 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-1089 71 10 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 71 11 made make VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 71 12 since since IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 71 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 71 14 mid-18th mid-18th JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 71 15 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 71 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 72 1 Scottish scottish JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 72 2 explorer explorer NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 72 3 James James NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 72 4 Bruce Bruce NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 72 5 experimented experiment VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 72 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 72 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 72 8 late late JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 72 9 18th 18th JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 72 10 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 72 11 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 72 12 papyrus papyrus JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 72 13 plants plant NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 72 14 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 72 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 72 16 Sudan Sudan NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 72 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 72 18 for for IN 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en-wikipedia-org-1089 73 17 plants plant NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 73 18 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 73 19 continued continue VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 73 20 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-1089 73 21 grow grow VB en-wikipedia-org-1089 73 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 73 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 73 24 wild wild NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 73 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 74 1 During during IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 74 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 74 3 1920s 1920 NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 74 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 74 5 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-1089 74 6 Egyptologist Egyptologist NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 74 7 Battiscombe Battiscombe NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 74 8 Gunn Gunn NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 74 9 lived live VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 74 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 74 11 Maadi Maadi NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 74 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 74 13 outside outside IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 74 14 Cairo Cairo NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 74 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 74 16 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-1089 74 17 experimented experiment VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 74 18 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 74 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 74 20 manufacture manufacture NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 74 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 74 22 papyrus papyru NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 74 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 74 24 growing grow VBG en-wikipedia-org-1089 74 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 74 26 plant plant NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 74 27 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 74 28 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-1089 74 29 garden garden NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 74 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 75 1 He -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-1089 75 2 beat beat VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 75 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 75 4 sliced sliced JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 75 5 papyrus papyrus JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 75 6 stalks stalk NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 75 7 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 75 8 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 75 9 layers layer NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 75 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 75 11 linen linen NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 75 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 75 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 75 14 produced produce VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 75 15 successful successful JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 75 16 examples example NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 75 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 75 18 papyrus papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 75 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 75 20 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 75 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 75 22 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-1089 75 23 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 75 24 exhibited exhibit VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 75 25 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 75 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 75 27 Egyptian Egyptian NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 75 28 Museum Museum NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 75 29 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 75 30 Cairo Cairo NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 75 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 76 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 76 2 23][24 23][24 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 76 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 76 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 76 5 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 76 6 technique technique NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 76 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 76 8 papyrus papyrus JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 76 9 production production NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 76 10 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 76 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 76 12 Egypt Egypt NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 76 13 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 76 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 76 15 tourist tourist NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 76 16 trade trade NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 76 17 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 76 18 developed develop VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 76 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 76 20 1962 1962 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 76 21 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 76 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 76 23 Egyptian egyptian JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 76 24 engineer engineer NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 76 25 Hassan Hassan NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 76 26 Ragab Ragab NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 76 27 using use VBG en-wikipedia-org-1089 76 28 plants plant NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 76 29 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-1089 76 30 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 76 31 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 76 32 reintroduced reintroduce VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 76 33 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 76 34 Egypt Egypt NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 76 35 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 76 36 1872 1872 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 76 37 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 76 38 France France NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 76 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 77 1 Both both DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 77 2 Sicily Sicily NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 77 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 77 4 Egypt Egypt NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 77 5 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-1089 77 6 centres centre NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 77 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 77 8 limited limited JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 77 9 papyrus papyrus JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 77 10 production production NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 77 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 78 1 Papyrus Papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 78 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 78 3 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 78 4 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 78 5 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 78 6 communities community NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 78 7 living live VBG en-wikipedia-org-1089 78 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 78 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 78 10 vicinity vicinity NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 78 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 78 12 swamps swamp NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 78 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 78 14 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 78 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 78 16 extent extent NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 78 17 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 78 18 rural rural JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 78 19 householders householder NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 78 20 derive derive VBP en-wikipedia-org-1089 78 21 up up IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 78 22 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-1089 78 23 75 75 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 78 24 % % NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 78 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 78 26 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-1089 78 27 income income NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 78 28 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 78 29 swamp swamp NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 78 30 goods good NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 78 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 79 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 79 2 25 25 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 79 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 79 4 Particularly particularly RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 79 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 79 6 East East NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 79 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 79 8 Central Central NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 79 9 Africa Africa NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 79 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 79 11 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 79 12 harvest harvest VBP en-wikipedia-org-1089 79 13 papyrus papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 79 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 79 15 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-1089 79 16 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 79 17 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 79 18 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-1089 79 19 manufacture manufacture VB en-wikipedia-org-1089 79 20 items item NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 79 21 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-1089 79 22 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-1089 79 23 sold sell VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 79 24 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 79 25 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 79 26 locally locally RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 79 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 80 1 Examples example NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 80 2 include include VBP en-wikipedia-org-1089 80 3 baskets basket NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 80 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 80 5 hats hat NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 80 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 80 7 fish fish NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 80 8 traps trap NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 80 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 80 10 trays tray NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 80 11 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 80 12 winnowing winnowing NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 80 13 mats mat NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 80 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 80 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 80 16 floor floor NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 80 17 mats mat NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 80 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 81 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 81 2 26 26 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 81 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 81 4 Papyrus Papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 81 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 81 6 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 81 7 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 81 8 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-1089 81 9 make make VB en-wikipedia-org-1089 81 10 roofs roof NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 81 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 81 12 ceilings ceiling NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 81 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 81 14 rope rope NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 81 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 81 16 fences fence NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 81 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 82 1 Although although IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 82 2 alternatives alternative NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 82 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 82 4 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 82 5 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 82 6 eucalyptus eucalyptus NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 82 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 82 8 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-1089 82 9 increasingly increasingly RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 82 10 available available JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 82 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 82 12 papyrus papyrus JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 82 13 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 82 14 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 82 15 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 82 16 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 82 17 fuel fuel NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 82 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 83 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 83 2 25 25 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 83 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 83 4 Collections collection NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 83 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 83 6 papyri[edit papyri[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-1089 83 7 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 83 8 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 83 9 Heracles Heracles NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 83 10 Papyrus Papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 83 11 Amherst Amherst NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 83 12 Papyri Papyri NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 83 13 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 83 14 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 83 15 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 83 16 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 83 17 collection collection NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 83 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 83 19 William William NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 83 20 Tyssen Tyssen NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 83 21 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-1089 83 22 Amherst Amherst NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 83 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 83 24 1st 1st NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 83 25 Baron Baron NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 83 26 Amherst Amherst NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 83 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 83 28 Hackney Hackney NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 83 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 84 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-1089 84 2 includes include VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 84 3 biblical biblical JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 84 4 manuscripts manuscript NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 84 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 84 6 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 84 7 church church NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 84 8 fragments fragment NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 84 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 84 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 84 11 classical classical JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 84 12 documents document NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 84 13 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 84 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 84 15 Ptolemaic Ptolemaic NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 84 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 84 17 Roman Roman NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 84 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 84 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 84 20 Byzantine byzantine JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 84 21 eras era NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 84 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 85 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 85 2 collection collection NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 85 3 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 85 4 edited edit VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 85 5 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 85 6 Bernard Bernard NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 85 7 Grenfell Grenfell NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 85 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 85 9 Arthur Arthur NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 85 10 Hunt Hunt NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 85 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 85 12 1900–1901 1900–1901 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 85 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 86 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-1089 86 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 86 3 housed house VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 86 4 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 86 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 86 6 Pierpont Pierpont NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 86 7 Morgan Morgan NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 86 8 Library Library NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 86 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 86 10 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 86 11 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 86 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 86 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 87 1 Archduke Archduke NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 87 2 Rainer Rainer NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 87 3 Papyri Papyri NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 87 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 87 5 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 87 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 87 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 87 8 world world NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 87 9 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-1089 87 10 largest large JJS en-wikipedia-org-1089 87 11 collection collection NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 87 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 87 13 papyri papyri NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 87 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 87 15 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 87 16 180,000 180,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 87 17 objects object NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 87 18 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 87 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 87 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 87 21 Austrian Austrian NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 87 22 National National NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 87 23 Library Library NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 87 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 88 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 88 2 27 27 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 88 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 88 4 Berlin Berlin NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 88 5 Papyri Papyri NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 88 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 88 7 housed house VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 88 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 88 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 88 10 Egyptian Egyptian NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 88 11 Museum Museum NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 88 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 88 13 Papyrus Papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 88 14 Collection Collection NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 88 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 89 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 89 2 28 28 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 89 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 89 4 Berliner Berliner NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 89 5 griechische griechische NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 89 6 Urkunden Urkunden NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 89 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 89 8 BGU BGU NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 89 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 89 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 89 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 89 12 publishing publishing NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 89 13 project project NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 89 14 ongoing ongoing JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 89 15 since since IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 89 16 1895 1895 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 89 17 Bodmer Bodmer NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 89 18 Papyri Papyri NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 89 19 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 89 20 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 89 21 collection collection NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 89 22 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 89 23 purchased purchase VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 89 24 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 89 25 Martin Martin NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 89 26 Bodmer Bodmer NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 89 27 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 89 28 1955–1956 1955–1956 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 89 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 90 1 Currently currently RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 90 2 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-1089 90 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 90 4 housed house VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 90 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 90 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 90 7 Bibliotheca Bibliotheca NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 90 8 Bodmeriana Bodmeriana NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 90 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 90 10 Cologny Cologny NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 90 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 91 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-1089 91 2 includes include VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 91 3 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 91 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 91 5 Coptic coptic JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 91 6 documents document NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 91 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 91 8 classical classical JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 91 9 texts text NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 91 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 91 11 biblical biblical JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 91 12 books book NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 91 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 91 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 91 15 writing writing NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 91 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 91 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 91 18 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 91 19 churches church NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 91 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 92 1 Brooklyn Brooklyn NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 92 2 Papyrus Papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 92 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 92 4 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 92 5 papyrus papyrus NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 92 6 focuses focus VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 92 7 mainly mainly RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 92 8 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 92 9 snakebites snakebite NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 92 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 92 11 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-1089 92 12 remedies remedy NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 92 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 93 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-1089 93 2 speaks speak VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 93 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 93 4 remedial remedial JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 93 5 methods method NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 93 6 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 93 7 poisons poison NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 93 8 obtained obtain VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 93 9 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 93 10 snakes snake NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 93 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 93 12 scorpions scorpion NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 93 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 93 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 93 15 tarantulas tarantula NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 93 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 94 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 94 2 Brooklyn Brooklyn NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 94 3 Papyrus Papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 94 4 currently currently RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 94 5 resides reside VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 94 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 94 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 94 8 Brooklyn Brooklyn NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 94 9 Museum Museum NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 94 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 95 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 95 2 29 29 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 95 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 95 4 Chester Chester NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 95 5 Beatty Beatty NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 95 6 Papyri Papyri NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 95 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 95 8 collection collection NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 95 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 95 10 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 95 11 codices codex NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 95 12 acquired acquire VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 95 13 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 95 14 Alfred Alfred NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 95 15 Chester Chester NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 95 16 Beatty Beatty NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 95 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 95 18 1930–1931 1930–1931 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 95 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 95 20 1935 1935 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 95 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 96 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-1089 96 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 96 3 housed house VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 96 4 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 96 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 96 6 Chester Chester NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 96 7 Beatty Beatty NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 96 8 Library Library NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 96 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 97 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 97 2 collection collection NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 97 3 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 97 4 edited edit VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 97 5 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 97 6 Frederic Frederic NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 97 7 G. G. NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 97 8 Kenyon Kenyon NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 97 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 98 1 Colt Colt NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 98 2 Papyri Papyri NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 98 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 98 4 housed house VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 98 5 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 98 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 98 7 Pierpont Pierpont NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 98 8 Morgan Morgan NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 98 9 Library Library NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 98 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 98 11 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 98 12 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 98 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 98 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 99 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 99 2 Herculaneum Herculaneum NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 99 3 papyri papyri VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 99 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 99 5 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 99 6 papyri papyrus NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 99 7 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 99 8 found find VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 99 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 99 10 Herculaneum Herculaneum NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 99 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 99 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 99 13 eighteenth eighteenth JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 99 14 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 99 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 99 16 carbonized carbonize VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 99 17 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 99 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 99 19 eruption eruption NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 99 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 99 21 Mount Mount NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 99 22 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 99 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 100 1 After after IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 100 2 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 100 3 tinkering tinkering NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 100 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 100 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 100 6 method method NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 100 7 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 100 8 found find VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 100 9 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-1089 100 10 unroll unroll VB en-wikipedia-org-1089 100 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 100 12 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-1089 100 13 read read VB en-wikipedia-org-1089 100 14 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-1089 100 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 101 1 Most Most JJS en-wikipedia-org-1089 101 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 101 3 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-1089 101 4 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-1089 101 5 housed house VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 101 6 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 101 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 101 8 Naples Naples NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 101 9 National National NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 101 10 Archaeological Archaeological NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 101 11 Museum Museum NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 101 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 2 30 30 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 5 Heroninos Heroninos NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 6 Archive Archive NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 9 collection collection NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 11 around around RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 13 thousand thousand CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 14 papyrus papyrus JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 15 documents document NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 17 dealing deal VBG en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 18 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 20 management management NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 22 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 23 large large JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 24 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 25 estate estate NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 27 dating date VBG en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 28 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 30 third third JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 31 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 32 CE CE NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 34 found find VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 35 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 37 very very JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 38 end end NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 39 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 40 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 41 19th 19th JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 42 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 43 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 44 Kasr Kasr NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 45 El El NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 46 Harit Harit NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 47 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 48 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 49 site site NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 50 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 51 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 52 Theadelphia Theadelphia NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 53   _SP en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 54 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 55 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 56 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 57 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 58 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 59 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 60 Faiyum Faiyum NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 61 area area NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 62 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 63 Egypt Egypt NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 64 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 65 Bernard Bernard NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 66 Pyne Pyne NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 67 Grenfell Grenfell NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 68 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 69 Arthur Arthur NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 70 Surridge Surridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 71 Hunt Hunt NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 102 72 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 103 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-1089 103 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 103 3 spread spread VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 103 4 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 103 5 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 103 6 collections collection NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 103 7 throughout throughout IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 103 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 103 9 world world NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 103 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 104 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 104 2 Houghton Houghton NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 104 3 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-1089 104 4 papyri papyri NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 104 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 104 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 104 7 collection collection NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 104 8 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 104 9 Houghton Houghton NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 104 10 Library Library NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 104 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 104 12 Harvard Harvard NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 104 13 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 104 14 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 104 15 acquired acquire VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 104 16 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 104 17 1901 1901 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 104 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 104 19 1909 1909 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 104 20 thanks thank NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 104 21 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 104 22 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 104 23 donation donation NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 104 24 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 104 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 104 26 Egypt Egypt NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 104 27 Exploration Exploration NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 104 28 Fund Fund NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 104 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 105 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 105 2 31 31 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 105 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 105 4 Saite Saite NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 105 5 Oracle Oracle NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 105 6 Papyrus Papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 105 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 105 8 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 105 9 papyrus papyrus NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 105 10 located locate VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 105 11 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 105 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 105 13 Brooklyn Brooklyn NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 105 14 Museum Museum NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 105 15 records record VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 105 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 105 17 petition petition NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 105 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 105 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 105 20 man man NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 105 21 named name VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 105 22 Pemou Pemou NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 105 23 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 105 24 behalf behalf NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 105 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 105 26 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-1089 105 27 father father NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 105 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 105 29 Harsiese Harsiese NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 105 30 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-1089 105 31 ask ask VB en-wikipedia-org-1089 105 32 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-1089 105 33 god god NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 105 34 for for IN 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. en-wikipedia-org-1089 108 1 Oxyrhynchus Oxyrhynchus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 108 2 Papyri Papyri NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 108 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 108 4 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 108 5 numerous numerous JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 108 6 papyri papyri JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 108 7 fragments fragment NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 108 8 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 108 9 discovered discover VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 108 10 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 108 11 Grenfell Grenfell NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 108 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 108 13 Hunt Hunt NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 108 14 in in RP en-wikipedia-org-1089 108 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 108 16 around around IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 108 17 Oxyrhynchus Oxyrhynchus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 108 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 109 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 109 2 publication publication NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 109 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 109 4 these these DT 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18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 110 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 110 20 British British NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 110 21 Museum Museum NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 110 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 110 23 London London NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 110 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 110 25 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 110 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 110 27 Egyptian Egyptian NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 110 28 Museum Museum NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 110 29 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 110 30 Cairo Cairo NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 110 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 110 32 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 110 33 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 110 34 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 110 35 places place NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 110 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 111 1 Princeton Princeton NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 111 2 Papyri Papyri NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 111 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 111 4 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-1089 111 5 is be VBZ 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en-wikipedia-org-1089 111 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 111 30 Società Società NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 111 31 per per IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 111 32 la la FW en-wikipedia-org-1089 111 33 ricerca ricerca NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 111 34 dei dei NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 111 35 Papiri Papiri NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 111 36 greci greci NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 111 37 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 111 38 latini latini NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 111 39 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 111 40 Egitto Egitto NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 111 41 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 111 42 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 111 43 1927 1927 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 111 44 onwards onwards RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 111 45 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 111 46 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 111 47 succeeding succeed VBG en-wikipedia-org-1089 111 48 Istituto Istituto NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 111 49 Papirologico Papirologico NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 111 50 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-1089 111 51 G. G. NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 111 52 Vitelli Vitelli NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 111 53 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-1089 111 54 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 111 55 Florence Florence NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 111 56 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 112 1 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 112 2 papyri papyrus NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 112 3 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-1089 112 4 situated situate VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 112 5 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 112 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 112 7 institute institute NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 112 8 itself -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-1089 112 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 112 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 112 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 112 12 Biblioteca Biblioteca NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 112 13 Laurenziana Laurenziana NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 112 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 113 1 Rylands Rylands NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 113 2 Papyri Papyri NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 113 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 113 4 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 113 5 collection collection NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 113 6 contains contain VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 113 7 above above IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 113 8 700 700 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 113 9 papyri papyrus NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 113 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 113 11 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 113 12 31 31 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 113 13 ostraca ostraca NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 113 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 113 15 54 54 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 113 16 codices codex NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 113 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 114 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-1089 114 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 114 3 housed house VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 114 4 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 114 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 114 6 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 114 7 Rylands Rylands NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 114 8 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 114 9 Library Library NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 114 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 1 Tebtunis Tebtunis NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 2 Papyri Papyri NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 4 housed house VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 5 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 7 Bancroft Bancroft NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 8 Library Library NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 9 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 11 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 13 California California NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 15 Berkeley Berkeley NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 17 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 18 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 20 collection collection NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 22 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 23 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 24 30,000 30,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 25 fragments fragment NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 26 dating date VBG en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 27 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 29 3rd 3rd JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 30 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 31 BCE BCE NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 32 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 34 3rd 3rd JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 35 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 36 CE CE NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 38 found find VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 39 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 40 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 41 winter winter NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 42 1899–1900 1899–1900 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 43 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 44 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 45 site site NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 46 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 47 ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 48 Tebtunis Tebtunis NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 49 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 50 Egypt Egypt NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 51 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 52 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 53 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 54 expedition expedition NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 55 team team NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 56 led lead VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 57 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 58 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 59 British british JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 60 papyrologists papyrologist NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 61 Bernard Bernard NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 115 62 P. 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119 13 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 119 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 119 15 20th 20th JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 119 16 dynasty dynasty NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 119 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 119 18 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-1089 119 19 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 119 20 notable notable JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 119 21 because because IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 119 22 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-1089 119 23 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 119 24 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 119 25 legal legal JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 119 26 document document NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 119 27 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 119 28 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 119 29 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 119 30 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 119 31 noble noble JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 119 32 woman woman NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 119 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 120 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 120 2 34 34 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 120 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 120 4 Yale Yale NNP 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papyri JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 122 60 Other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 122 61 papyri papyri NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 122 62 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 122 63 Elephantine Elephantine NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 122 64 papyri papyri NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 122 65 Magdalen Magdalen NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 122 66 papyrus papyrus NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 122 67 Nag Nag NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 122 68 Hammadi Hammadi NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 122 69 library library NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 122 70 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 122 71 Testament Testament NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 122 72 papyri papyri NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 122 73 Strasbourg Strasbourg NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 122 74 papyrus papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 122 75 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 122 76 papyrus papyrus JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 122 77 plant plant NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 122 78 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 122 79 Egyptian egyptian JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 122 80 art art NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 122 81 Palmette Palmette NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 122 82 References[edit references[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 122 83 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 122 84 Citations[edit citations[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 122 85 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 122 86 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-1089 122 87 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-1089 122 88 Papyrus Papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 122 89 definition definition NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 122 90 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-1089 122 91 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 123 1 Dictionary.com Dictionary.com NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 123 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 124 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 124 2 20 20 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 124 3 November November NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 124 4 2008 2008 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 124 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 125 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-1089 125 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-1089 125 3 Ebers eber VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 125 4 Papyrus Papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 125 5 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-1089 125 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 126 1 Encyclopædia Encyclopædia NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 126 2 Britannica Britannica NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 126 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 127 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 127 2 8 8 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 127 3 March March NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 127 4 2014 2014 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 127 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 2 Houston Houston NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 4 Keith Keith NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 6 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 7 Book Book NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 8 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 9 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 10 Cover cover NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 11 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 12 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 13 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 14 Cover Cover NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 15 Exploration Exploration NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 18 Most most RBS en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 19 Powerful powerful JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 20 Object object NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 22 our -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 23 Time Time NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 25 W. W. NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 26 W. W. NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 27 Norton Norton NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 28 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 29 Company Company NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 31 2016 2016 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 33 pp.4 pp.4 NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 34 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 35 8 8 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 36 excerpt excerpt NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 37 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 38 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 39 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 40 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 41 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 42 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 43 Tallet Tallet NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 44 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 45 Pierre Pierre NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 46 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 47 2012 2012 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 48 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 128 49 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 129 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-1089 129 2 Ayn Ayn NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 129 3 Sukhna Sukhna NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 129 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 129 5 Wadi Wadi NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 129 6 el el NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 129 7 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-1089 129 8 Jarf Jarf NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 129 9 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 129 10 Two two CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 129 11 newly newly RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 129 12 discovered discover VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 129 13 pharaonic pharaonic JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 129 14 harbours harbour NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 129 15 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 129 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 129 17 Suez Suez NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 129 18 Gulf Gulf NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 129 19 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-1089 129 20 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 129 21 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 129 22 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 129 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 130 1 British British NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 130 2 Museum Museum NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 130 3 Studies Studies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-1089 130 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 130 5 Ancient Ancient NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 130 6 Egypt Egypt NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 130 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 130 8 Sudan Sudan NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 130 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 131 1 18 18 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 131 2 : : SYM en-wikipedia-org-1089 131 3 147–68 147–68 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 131 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 132 1 ISSN issn NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 132 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-1089 132 3 2049 2049 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 132 4 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-1089 132 5 5021 5021 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 132 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 133 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 133 2 21 21 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 133 3 April April NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 133 4 2013 2013 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 133 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 134 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 134 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 134 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 134 4 H. H. NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 134 5 Idris Idris NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 134 6 Bell Bell NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 134 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 134 8 T.C. T.C. NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 135 1 Skeat skeat VB en-wikipedia-org-1089 135 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 135 3 1935 1935 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 135 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 136 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-1089 136 2 Papyrus Papyrus NNPS en-wikipedia-org-1089 136 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 136 4 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-1089 136 5 uses use NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 136 6 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-1089 136 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 136 8 British British NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 136 9 Museum Museum NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 136 10 pamphlet pamphlet NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 136 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 136 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 137 1 Archived Archived NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 137 2 18 18 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 137 3 October October NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 137 4 2013 2013 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 137 5 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 137 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 137 7 Wayback Wayback NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 137 8 Machine Machine NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 137 9 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 137 10 Stille Stille NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 137 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 137 12 Alexander Alexander NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 137 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 138 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-1089 138 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 138 3 World World NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 138 4 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-1089 138 5 Oldest old JJS en-wikipedia-org-1089 138 6 Papyrus Papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 138 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 138 8 What what WP en-wikipedia-org-1089 138 9 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-1089 138 10 Can Can MD en-wikipedia-org-1089 138 11 Tell tell VB en-wikipedia-org-1089 138 12 Us -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-1089 138 13 About about IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 138 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 138 15 Great Great NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 138 16 Pyramids Pyramids NNPS en-wikipedia-org-1089 138 17 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-1089 138 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 139 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 139 2 27 27 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 139 3 September September NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 139 4 2015 2015 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 139 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 140 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 140 2 Černý Černý NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 140 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 140 4 Jaroslav Jaroslav NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 140 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 141 1 1952 1952 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 141 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 142 1 Paper Paper NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 142 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 142 3 Books Books NNPS en-wikipedia-org-1089 142 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 142 5 Ancient Ancient NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 142 6 Egypt Egypt NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 142 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 142 8 An an DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 142 9 Inaugural inaugural JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 142 10 Lecture lecture NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 142 11 Delivered deliver VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 142 12 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 142 13 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 142 14 College College NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 142 15 London London NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 142 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 142 17 29 29 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 142 18 May May NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 142 19 1947 1947 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 142 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 143 1 London London NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 143 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 143 3 H. H. NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 143 4 K. K. NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 143 5 Lewis Lewis NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 143 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 144 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 144 2 Reprinted Reprinted NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 144 3 Chicago Chicago NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 144 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 144 5 Ares Ares NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 144 6 Publishers Publishers NNPS en-wikipedia-org-1089 144 7 Inc. Inc. NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 144 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 144 9 1977 1977 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 144 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 144 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 145 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-1089 145 2 Pirenne Pirenne NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 145 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 145 4 Mohammed Mohammed NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 145 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 145 6 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 145 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 145 8 critiqued critique VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 145 9 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 145 10 R.S. R.S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 146 1 Lopez Lopez NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 146 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 146 3 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-1089 146 4 Mohammed Mohammed NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 146 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 146 6 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 146 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 146 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 146 9 revision revision NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 146 10 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-1089 146 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 146 12 Speculum Speculum NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 146 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 146 14 1943:14–38 1943:14–38 NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 146 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 146 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 146 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 147 1 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 147 2 David David NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 147 3 Diringer Diringer NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 147 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 147 5 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 147 6 Book Book NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 147 7 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 147 8 Printing printing NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 147 9 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 147 10 Ancient Ancient NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 147 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 147 12 Medieval Medieval NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 147 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 147 14 Oriental Oriental NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 147 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 147 16 Dover Dover NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 147 17 Publications Publications NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 147 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 147 19 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 147 20 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 147 21 1982 1982 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 147 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 147 23 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 147 24 166 166 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 147 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 148 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 148 2 Bompaire Bompaire NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 148 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 148 4 Jacques Jacques NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 148 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 148 6 Jean Jean NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 148 7 Irigoin Irigoin NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 148 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 149 1 La La NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 149 2 paleographie paleographie NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 149 3 grecque grecque NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 149 4 et et NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 149 5 byzantine byzantine NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 149 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 149 7 Centre Centre NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 149 8 National National NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 149 9 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 149 10 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 149 11 Recherche Recherche NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 149 12 Scientifique Scientifique NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 149 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 149 14 1977 1977 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 149 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 149 16 389 389 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 149 17 n. n. NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 149 18 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 149 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 149 20 cited cite VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 149 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 149 22 Alice Alice NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 149 23 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-1089 149 24 Mary Mary NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 149 25 Talbot Talbot NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 149 26 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 149 27 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 149 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 149 29 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 149 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 150 1 Holy holy JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 150 2 women woman NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 150 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 150 4 Byzantium Byzantium NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 150 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 150 6 Dumbarton Dumbarton NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 150 7 Oaks Oaks NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 150 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 150 9 1996 1996 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 150 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 150 11 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 150 12 227 227 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 150 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 151 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 151 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-1089 151 3 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 151 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-1089 151 5 88402 88402 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 151 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-1089 151 7 248-X. 248-x. CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 152 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 152 2 Lewis Lewis NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 152 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 152 4 N N NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 152 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 152 6 1983 1983 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 152 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 152 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 153 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-1089 153 2 Papyrus Papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 153 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 153 4 Ancient Ancient NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 153 5 Writing Writing NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 153 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 153 7 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 153 8 First First NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 153 9 Hundred hundred CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 153 10 Years Years NNPS en-wikipedia-org-1089 153 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 153 12 Papyrology Papyrology NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 153 13 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-1089 153 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 154 1 Archaeology archaeology NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 154 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 155 1 36 36 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 155 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 155 3 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 155 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 155 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 155 6 31–37 31–37 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 155 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 156 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 156 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 156 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 156 4 Hans Hans NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 156 5 Dieter Dieter NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 156 6 Betz Betz NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 156 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 156 8 1992 1992 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 156 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 156 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 157 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 157 2 Greek Greek NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 157 3 Magical Magical NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 157 4 Papyri Papyri NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 157 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 157 6 Translation Translation NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 157 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 157 8 Including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-1089 157 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 157 10 Demotic Demotic NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 157 11 Spells Spells NNPS en-wikipedia-org-1089 157 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 157 13 Volume volume NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 157 14 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 157 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 158 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-1089 158 2 Frederic Frederic NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 158 3 G. G. NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 158 4 Kenyon Kenyon NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 158 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 158 6 Palaeography Palaeography NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 158 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 158 8 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 158 9 papyri papyri NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 158 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 158 11 Oxford Oxford NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 158 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 158 13 Clarendon Clarendon NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 158 14 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 158 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 158 16 1899 1899 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 158 17 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 158 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 158 19 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 158 20 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 158 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 159 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-1089 159 2 Frederic Frederic NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 159 3 G. G. NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 159 4 Kenyon Kenyon NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 159 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 159 6 Palaeography Palaeography NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 159 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 159 8 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 159 9 papyri papyri NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 159 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 159 11 Oxford Oxford NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 159 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 159 13 Clarendon Clarendon NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 159 14 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 159 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 159 16 1899 1899 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 159 17 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 159 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 159 19 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 159 20 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 159 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 160 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 160 2 Diringer Diringer NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 160 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 160 4 David David NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 160 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 160 6 1982 1982 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 160 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 160 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 161 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 161 2 Book Book NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 161 3 Before before IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 161 4 Printing printing NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 161 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 161 6 Ancient Ancient NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 161 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 161 8 Medieval Medieval NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 161 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 161 10 Oriental oriental JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 161 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 162 1 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 162 2 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 162 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 162 4 Dover Dover NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 162 5 Publications Publications NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 162 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 163 1 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 163 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 164 1 250–256 250–256 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 164 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 165 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 165 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-1089 165 3 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 165 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-1089 165 5 486 486 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 165 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-1089 165 7 24243 24243 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 165 8 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-1089 165 9 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 165 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 166 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 166 2 πάπυρος πάπυρος NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 166 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 166 4 Henry Henry NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 166 5 George George NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 166 6 Liddell Liddell NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 166 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 166 8 Robert Robert NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 166 9 Scott Scott NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 166 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 166 11 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 166 12 Greek Greek NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 166 13 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-1089 166 14 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 166 15 Lexicon Lexicon NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 166 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 166 17 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 166 18 Perseus Perseus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 166 19 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 166 20 R. R. NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 166 21 S. S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 166 22 P. P. NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 166 23 Beekes Beekes NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 166 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 166 25 Etymological Etymological NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 166 26 Dictionary Dictionary NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 166 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 166 28 Greek Greek NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 166 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 166 30 Brill Brill NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 166 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 166 32 2009 2009 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 166 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 166 34 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 166 35 1151 1151 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 166 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 167 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 167 2 βύβλος βύβλος NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 167 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 167 4 Henry Henry NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 167 5 George George NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 167 6 Liddell Liddell NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 167 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 167 8 Robert Robert NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 167 9 Scott Scott NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 167 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 167 11 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 167 12 Greek Greek NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 167 13 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-1089 167 14 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 167 15 Lexicon Lexicon NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 167 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 167 17 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 167 18 Perseus Perseus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 167 19 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 167 20 Introduction introduction NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 167 21 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 167 22 Greek Greek NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 167 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 167 24 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 167 25 Palaeography Palaeography NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 167 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 167 27 Maunde Maunde NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 167 28 Thompson Thompson NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 167 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 168 1 archive.org archive.org NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 168 2 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 168 3 Bierbrier Bierbrier NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 168 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 168 5 Morris Morris NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 168 6 Leonard Leonard NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 168 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 168 8 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 168 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 169 1 1986 1986 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 169 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 170 1 Papyrus papyrus NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 170 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 170 3 Structure structure NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 170 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 170 5 Usage Usage NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 170 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 171 1 British British NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 171 2 Museum Museum NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 171 3 Occasional Occasional NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 171 4 Papers Papers NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 171 5 60 60 NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 171 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 171 7 ser ser NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 171 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 172 1 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 172 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 173 1 Anne Anne NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 173 2 Marriott Marriott NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 173 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 174 1 London London NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 174 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 174 3 British British NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 174 4 Museum Museum NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 174 5 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 174 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 175 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 175 2 Lyons Lyons NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 175 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 175 4 Martyn Martyn NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 175 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 175 6 2011 2011 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 175 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 175 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 176 1 Books book NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 176 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 176 3 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 176 4 Living live VBG en-wikipedia-org-1089 176 5 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 176 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 177 1 Los Los NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 177 2 Angeles Angeles NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 177 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 177 4 California California NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 177 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 177 6 Getty Getty NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 177 7 Publications Publications NNPS en-wikipedia-org-1089 177 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 178 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 178 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-1089 178 3 21 21 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 178 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 179 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 179 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-1089 179 3 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 179 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-1089 179 5 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 179 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-1089 179 7 60606 60606 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 179 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-1089 179 9 083 083 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 179 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-1089 179 11 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 179 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 180 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 180 2 Murray Murray NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 180 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 180 4 Stuart Stuart NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 180 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 180 6 2009 2009 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 180 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 180 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 181 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 181 2 Library library NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 181 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 181 4 An an DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 181 5 Illustrated Illustrated NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 181 6 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 181 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 182 1 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 182 2 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 182 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 182 4 NY NY NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 182 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 182 6 Skyhorse skyhorse NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 182 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 183 1 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 183 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 184 1 10–12 10–12 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 184 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 185 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 185 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-1089 185 3 9781602397064 9781602397064 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 185 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 186 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-1089 186 2 Cerny Cerny NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 186 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 186 4 Jaroslav Jaroslav NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 186 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 186 6 1947 1947 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 186 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 186 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 187 1 Paper paper NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 187 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 187 3 books book NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 187 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 187 5 Ancient Ancient NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 187 6 Egypt Egypt NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 187 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 188 1 London London NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 188 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 188 3 H. H. NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 188 4 K. K. NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 188 5 Lewis Lewis NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 188 6 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 188 7 Co. Co. NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 188 8 Ltd. Ltd. NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 188 9 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 188 10 Lucas Lucas NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 188 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 188 12 A. A. NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 189 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 189 2 1934 1934 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 189 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 189 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 190 1 Ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 190 2 Egyptian egyptian JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 190 3 Materials material NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 190 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 190 5 Industries Industries NNPS en-wikipedia-org-1089 190 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 190 7 2nd 2nd NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 190 8 Ed Ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 190 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 191 1 London London NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 191 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 191 3 Edward Edward NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 191 4 Arnold Arnold NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 191 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 191 6 Co. Co. NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 191 7 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 191 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 191 9 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 191 10 Maclean Maclean NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 191 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 191 12 I.M.D. I.M.D. NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 191 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 191 14 R. R. NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 191 15 Tinch Tinch NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 191 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 191 17 M. M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 191 18 Hassall Hassall NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 191 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 191 20 R.R. R.R. NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 192 1 Boar boar NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 192 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 193 1 2003c 2003c CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 193 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 194 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-1089 194 2 Towards towards IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 194 3 optimal optimal JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 194 4 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 194 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 194 6 tropical tropical JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 194 7 wetlands wetland NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 194 8 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 194 9 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 194 10 economic economic JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 194 11 evaluation evaluation NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 194 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 194 13 goods good NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 194 14 derived derive VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 194 15 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 194 16 papyrus papyrus JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 194 17 swamps swamp NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 194 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 194 19 southwest southwest JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 194 20 Uganda Uganda NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 194 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 194 22 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-1089 195 1 Environmental environmental JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 195 2 Change Change NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 195 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 195 4 Management Management NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 195 5 Working Working NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 195 6 Paper Paper NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 195 7 No no NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 195 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 196 1 2003 2003 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 196 2 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-1089 196 3 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 196 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 196 5 Centre Centre NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 196 6 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 196 7 Social Social NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 196 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 196 9 Economic Economic NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 196 10 Research Research NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 196 11 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 196 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 196 13 Global Global NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 196 14 Environment Environment NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 196 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 196 16 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 196 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 196 18 East East NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 196 19 Anglia Anglia NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 196 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 196 21 Norwich Norwich NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 196 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 197 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 197 2 Langdon Langdon NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 197 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 197 4 S. S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 197 5 2000 2000 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 197 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 198 1 Papyrus Papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 198 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 198 3 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-1089 198 4 Uses use NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 198 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 198 6 Modern Modern NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 198 7 Day Day NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 198 8 Russia Russia NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 198 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 198 10 Vol Vol NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 198 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 199 1 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 199 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 199 3 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 199 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 200 1 56–59 56–59 LS en-wikipedia-org-1089 200 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 201 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-1089 201 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-1089 201 3 Papyri Papyri NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 201 4 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-1089 201 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 202 1 Osterreichische Osterreichische NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 202 2 Nationalbibliothek Nationalbibliothek NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 202 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 203 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 203 2 Egyptian Egyptian NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 203 3 Museum Museum NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 203 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 203 5 Papyrus Papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 203 6 Collection Collection NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 203 7 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 203 8 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-1089 203 9 Ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 203 10 Egyptian egyptian JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 203 11 Medical Medical NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 203 12 Papyri Papyri NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 203 13 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-1089 203 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 204 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 204 2 17 17 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 204 3 June June NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 204 4 2014 2014 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 204 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 205 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 205 2 Diringer Diringer NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 205 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 205 4 David David NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 205 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 205 6 1982 1982 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 205 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 205 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 206 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 206 2 Book Book NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 206 3 Before before IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 206 4 Printing printing NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 206 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 206 6 Ancient Ancient NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 206 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 206 8 Medieval Medieval NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 206 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 206 10 Oriental oriental JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 206 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 207 1 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 207 2 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 207 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 207 4 Dover Dover NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 207 5 Publications Publications NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 207 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 208 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 208 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-1089 208 3 252 252 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 208 4 ff ff NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 208 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 209 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 209 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-1089 209 3 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 209 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-1089 209 5 486 486 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 209 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-1089 209 7 24243 24243 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 209 8 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-1089 209 9 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 209 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 210 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-1089 210 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-1089 210 3 Digital Digital NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 210 4 Papyri Papyri NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 210 5 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 210 6 Houghton Houghton NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 210 7 Library Library NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 210 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 210 9 Harvard Harvard NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 210 10 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 210 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-1089 210 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 211 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 211 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 211 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 211 4 original original NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 211 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 211 6 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 211 7 April April NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 211 8 2012 2012 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 211 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 212 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 212 2 30 30 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 212 3 July July NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 212 4 2011 2011 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 212 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 213 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-1089 213 2 Digital Digital NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 213 3 Images Images NNPS en-wikipedia-org-1089 213 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 213 5 Selected select VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 213 6 Princeton Princeton NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 213 7 Papyri Papyri NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 213 8 ^ ^ VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 213 9 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 213 10 Center Center NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 213 11 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 213 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 213 13 Tebtunis Tebtunis NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 213 14 Papyri Papyri NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 213 15 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 213 16 Černý Černý NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 213 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 213 18 Jaroslav Jaroslav NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 213 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 214 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-1089 214 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 214 3 Will Will NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 214 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 214 5 Naunakhte Naunakhte NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 214 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 214 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 214 8 Related related JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 214 9 Documents document NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 214 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 214 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-1089 215 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 215 2 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 215 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 215 4 Egyptian Egyptian NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 215 5 Archaeology Archaeology NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 215 6 31 31 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 215 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 215 8 1945 1945 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 215 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 215 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 215 11 29–53 29–53 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 215 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 216 1 doi:10.1177/030751334503100104 doi:10.1177/030751334503100104 NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 216 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 217 1 JSTOR JSTOR NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 217 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-1089 217 3 3855381 3855381 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 217 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 218 1 Sources[edit sources[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-1089 218 2 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 218 3 Leach Leach NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 218 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 218 5 Bridget Bridget NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 218 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 218 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 218 8 William William NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 218 9 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 218 10 Tait Tait NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 218 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 219 1 2000 2000 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 219 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 220 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-1089 220 2 Papyrus Papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 220 3 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-1089 220 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 221 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 221 2 Ancient ancient JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 221 3 Egyptian egyptian JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 221 4 Materials material NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 221 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 221 6 Technology Technology NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 221 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 221 8 edited edit VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 221 9 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 221 10 Paul Paul NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 221 11 T. T. NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 221 12 Nicholson Nicholson NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 221 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 221 14 Ian Ian NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 221 15 Shaw Shaw NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 221 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 222 1 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 222 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 222 3 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 222 4 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 222 5 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 222 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 223 1 227–253 227–253 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 223 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 224 1 Thorough thorough JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 224 2 technical technical JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 224 3 discussion discussion NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 224 4 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 224 5 extensive extensive JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 224 6 bibliography bibliography NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 224 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 225 1 Leach Leach NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 225 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 225 3 Bridget bridget NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 225 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 225 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 225 6 William William NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 225 7 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 225 8 Tait Tait NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 225 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 226 1 2001 2001 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 226 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 227 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-1089 227 2 Papyrus Papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 227 3 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-1089 227 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 228 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 228 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 228 3 Oxford Oxford NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 228 4 Encyclopedia Encyclopedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 228 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 228 6 Ancient Ancient NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 228 7 Egypt Egypt NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 228 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 228 9 edited edit VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 228 10 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 228 11 Donald Donald NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 228 12 Bruce Bruce NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 228 13 Redford Redford NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 228 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 229 1 Vol Vol NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 229 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 230 1 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 230 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 230 3 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 230 4 vols vol NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 230 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 231 1 Oxford Oxford NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 231 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 231 3 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 231 4 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 231 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 231 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 231 7 Cairo Cairo NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 231 8 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 231 9 Oxford Oxford NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 231 10 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 231 11 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 231 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 231 13 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 231 14 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 231 15 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 231 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 231 17 Cairo Cairo NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 231 18 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 231 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 232 1 22–24 22–24 LS en-wikipedia-org-1089 232 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 233 1 Parkinson Parkinson NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 233 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 233 3 Richard Richard NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 233 4 Bruce Bruce NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 233 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 233 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 233 7 Stephen Stephen NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 233 8 G. G. NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 233 9 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 233 10 Quirke Quirke NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 233 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 234 1 1995 1995 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 234 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 235 1 Papyrus Papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 235 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 236 1 Egyptian Egyptian NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 236 2 Bookshelf bookshelf PRP en-wikipedia-org-1089 236 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 237 1 London London NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 237 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 237 3 British British NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 237 4 Museum Museum NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 237 5 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 237 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 238 1 General general JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 238 2 overview overview NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 238 3 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 238 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 238 5 popular popular JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 238 6 reading reading NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 238 7 audience audience NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 238 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 239 1 Further further JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 239 2 reading[edit reading[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-1089 239 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 239 4 Horst Horst NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 239 5 Blanck Blanck NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 239 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 239 7 Das Das NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 239 8 Buch Buch NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 239 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 239 10 der der NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 239 11 Antike Antike NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 239 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 240 1 Beck Beck NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 240 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 240 3 München München NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 240 4 1992 1992 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 240 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 240 6 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 240 7   _SP en-wikipedia-org-1089 240 8 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 240 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-1089 240 10 406 406 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 240 11 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-1089 240 12 36686 36686 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 240 13 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-1089 240 14 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 240 15 Rosemarie Rosemarie NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 240 16 Drenkhahn Drenkhahn NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 240 17 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 240 18 Papyrus Papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 240 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 241 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 241 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 241 3 Wolfgang Wolfgang NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 241 4 Helck Helck NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 241 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 241 6 Wolfhart Wolfhart NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 241 7 Westendorf Westendorf NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 241 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 241 9 eds eds XX en-wikipedia-org-1089 241 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 242 1 ): ): LS en-wikipedia-org-1089 242 2 Lexikon Lexikon NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 242 3 der der VBP en-wikipedia-org-1089 242 4 Ägyptologie Ägyptologie NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 242 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 243 1 vol vol NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 243 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 244 1 IV IV NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 244 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 244 3 Wiesbaden Wiesbaden NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 244 4 1982 1982 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 244 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 244 6 Spalte Spalte NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 244 7 667–670 667–670 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 244 8 David David NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 244 9 Diringer Diringer NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 244 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 244 11 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 244 12 Book Book NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 244 13 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 244 14 Printing printing NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 244 15 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 244 16 Ancient Ancient NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 244 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 244 18 Medieval Medieval NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 244 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 244 20 Oriental Oriental NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 244 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 244 22 Dover Dover NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 244 23 Publications Publications NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 244 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 244 25 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 244 26 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 244 27 1982 1982 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 244 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 244 29 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 244 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 245 1 113–169 113–169 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 245 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 245 3 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 245 4   _SP en-wikipedia-org-1089 245 5 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 245 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-1089 245 7 486 486 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 245 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-1089 245 9 24243 24243 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 245 10 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-1089 245 11 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 245 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 246 1 Victor Victor NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 246 2 Martin Martin NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 246 3 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 246 4 Hrsg Hrsg NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 246 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 247 1 ): ): LS en-wikipedia-org-1089 247 2 Ménandre Ménandre NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 247 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 248 1 Le Le NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 248 2 Dyscolos Dyscolos NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 248 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 249 1 Bibliotheca Bibliotheca NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 249 2 Bodmeriana Bodmeriana NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 249 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 249 4 Cologny Cologny NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 249 5 – – : en-wikipedia-org-1089 249 6 Genève Genève NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 249 7 1958 1958 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 249 8 Otto Otto NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 249 9 Mazal Mazal NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 249 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 249 11 Griechisch griechisch NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 249 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-1089 249 13 römische römische NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 249 14 Antike Antike NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 249 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 250 1 Akademische Akademische NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 250 2 Druck- Druck- NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 250 3 und und NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 250 4 Verlagsanstalt Verlagsanstalt NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 250 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 250 6 Graz Graz NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 250 7 1999 1999 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 250 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 250 9 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 250 10   _SP en-wikipedia-org-1089 250 11 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 250 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-1089 250 13 201 201 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 250 14 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-1089 250 15 01716 01716 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 250 16 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-1089 250 17 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 250 18 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 250 19 Geschichte Geschichte NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 250 20 der der VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 250 21 Buchkultur Buchkultur NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 250 22 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-1089 250 23 vol vol NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 250 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 251 1 1 1 LS en-wikipedia-org-1089 251 2 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 251 3 External External NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 251 4 links[edit links[edit , en-wikipedia-org-1089 251 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 251 6 Wikimedia Wikimedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 251 7 Commons Commons NNPS en-wikipedia-org-1089 251 8 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 251 9 media medium NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 251 10 related relate VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 251 11 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 251 12 Papyrus Papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 251 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 252 1 Wikimedia Wikimedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 252 2 Commons Commons NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 252 3 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 252 4 media medium NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 252 5 related relate VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 252 6 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 252 7 Papyri Papyri NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 252 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 253 1 Leuven Leuven NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 253 2 Homepage Homepage NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 253 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 253 4 Papyrus Papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 253 5 Collections Collections NNPS en-wikipedia-org-1089 253 6 Ancient Ancient NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 253 7 Egyptian Egyptian NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 253 8 Papyrus Papyrus NNPS en-wikipedia-org-1089 253 9 – – : en-wikipedia-org-1089 253 10 Aldokkan Aldokkan NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 253 11 Yale Yale NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 253 12 Papyrus Papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 253 13 Collection Collection NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 253 14 Database Database NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 253 15 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 253 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 253 17 Beinecke Beinecke NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 253 18 Rare Rare NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 253 19 Book Book NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 253 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 253 21 Manuscript Manuscript NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 253 22 Library Library NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 253 23 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 253 24 Yale Yale NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 253 25 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 253 26 Lund Lund NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 253 27 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 253 28 Library Library NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 253 29 Papyrus Papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 253 30 Collection Collection NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 253 31 Ghent Ghent NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 253 32 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 253 33 Library Library NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 253 34 Papyrus Papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 253 35 Collection Collection NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 253 36 Thompson Thompson NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 253 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 253 38 Edward Edward NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 253 39 Maunde Maunde NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 253 40 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 253 41 1911 1911 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 253 42 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 253 43 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 254 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-1089 254 2 Papyrus Papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 254 3 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-1089 254 4   _SP en-wikipedia-org-1089 254 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 255 1 Encyclopædia Encyclopædia NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 255 2 Britannica Britannica NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 255 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 256 1 20 20 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 256 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 256 3 11th 11th NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 256 4   _SP en-wikipedia-org-1089 256 5 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 256 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 256 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 256 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 257 1 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 257 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 258 1 743–745 743–745 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 258 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 259 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-1089 259 2 Papyri.info Papyri.info `` en-wikipedia-org-1089 259 3 Resource Resource NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 259 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 259 5 Partner Partner NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 259 6 Organizations Organizations NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 259 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-1089 259 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 260 1 papyri.info papyri.info JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 260 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 261 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 261 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 261 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 261 4 original original NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 261 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 261 6 26 26 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 261 7 October October NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 261 8 2018 2018 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 261 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 262 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 262 2 26 26 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 262 3 October October NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 262 4 2018 2018 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 262 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 263 1 Finding find VBG en-wikipedia-org-1089 263 2 aid aid NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 263 3 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 263 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 263 5 Advanced Advanced NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 263 6 Papyrological Papyrological NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 263 7 Information Information NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 263 8 System System NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 263 9 records record NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 263 10 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 263 11 Columbia Columbia NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 263 12 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 263 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 264 1 Rare Rare NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 264 2 Book Book NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 264 3 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 264 4 Manuscript Manuscript NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 264 5 Library Library NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 264 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 1 v v NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 2 t t NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 3 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 4 Paper Paper NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 5 data datum NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 6 storage storage NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 7 media medium NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 8 Antiquity Antiquity NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 9 Writing Writing NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 10 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 11 papyrus papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 13 c. c. NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 14 3000 3000 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 15 BCE BCE NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 17 Paper Paper NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 18 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 19 105 105 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 20 CE CE NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 21 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 22 Modern Modern NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 23 Index Index NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 24 card card NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 25 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 26 1640s 1640 NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 27 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 28 Punched punch VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 29 tape tape NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 30 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 31 mid-1800s mid-1800 NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 32 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 33 Punched punch VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 34 card card NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 35 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 36 1880s 1880s CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 37 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 38 Edge edge NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 39 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 40 notched notch VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 41 card card NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 42 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 43 1904 1904 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 44 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 45 Optical optical JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 46 mark mark NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 47 recognition recognition NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 48 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 49 1930s 1930s LS en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 50 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 51 Barcode Barcode NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 52 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 53 1948 1948 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 54 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 55 v v NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 56 t t NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 57 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 58 Writing writing NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 59 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 60 writing writing NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 61 material material NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 62 Enduring Enduring NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 63 Plant Plant NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 64 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 65 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 66 Palm Palm NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 67 leaf leaf NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 68 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 69 Borassus Borassus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 70 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 71 Ola ola NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 72 leaf leaf NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 73 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 74 Corypha Corypha NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 75 umbraculifera umbraculifera NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 76 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 77 Birch birch JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 78 bark bark NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 79 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 80 Betula Betula NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 81 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 82 Papyrus Papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 83 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 84 Cyperus Cyperus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 85 papyrus papyrus NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 86 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 87 Bamboo Bamboo NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 88 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 89 wooden wooden JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 90 slips slip VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 91 Paper Paper NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 92 Amate Amate NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 93 Trema Trema NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 94 micrantha micrantha NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 95 Ficus Ficus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 96 aurea aurea NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 97 Parabaik Parabaik NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 98 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 99 Streblus Streblus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 100 asper asper NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 101 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 102 Samut Samut NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 103 khoi khoi NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 104 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 105 S. S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 106 asper asper NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 107 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 108 Kraing Kraing NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 109 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 110 Morus morus JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 111 bark bark NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 112 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 113 Other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 114 materials material NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 115 Clay clay NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 116 tablet tablet NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 117 Wax Wax NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 118 tablet tablet VBP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 119 Metals Metals NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 120 Stamping Stamping NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 121 Intaglio Intaglio NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 122 Stone Stone NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 123 Animal Animal NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 124 skin skin NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 125 Parchment parchment NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 126 Vellum Vellum NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 127 Oracle Oracle NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 128 bone bone NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 129 Silk Silk NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 130 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 131 Textile Textile NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 132 printing print VBG en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 133 Geoglyph Geoglyph NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 134 Ink Ink NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 135 Photographic photographic JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 136 film film NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 137 Impermanent Impermanent NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 138 Electronic electronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 139 paper paper NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 140 Screen Screen NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 141 Skywriting Skywriting NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 142 Carrier Carrier NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 143 objects object VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 144 Inscription Inscription NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 145 Bas Bas NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 146 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 147 relief relief NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 148 Scroll Scroll NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 149 Manuscript Manuscript NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 150 Palimpsest Palimpsest NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 151 Codex Codex NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 152 Book Book NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 153 Sign Sign NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 154 Microform Microform NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 155 Electronic electronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 156 media medium NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 157 Related relate VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 158 topics topic NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 159 Writing write VBG en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 160 systems system NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 161 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 162 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 163 writing write VBG en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 164 List list NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 165 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 166 writing write VBG en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 167 systems systems NNPS en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 168 Authority Authority NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 169 control control NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 170 GND GND NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 171 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 172 4044571 4044571 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 173 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 174 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 175 NDL NDL NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 176 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 177 00616829 00616829 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 178 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 179 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 180 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 181 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Papyrus&oldid=994353291 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Papyrus&oldid=994353291 NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 182 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 183 Categories category NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 184 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 185 Papyrus Papyrus NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 186 Egyptian egyptian JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 187 artefact artefact JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 188 types type NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 189 Nile Nile NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 190 Delta Delta NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 191 Papyrology Papyrology NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 192 Textual Textual NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 193 scholarship scholarship NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 194 Writing writing NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 195 media media VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 196 Egyptian egyptian JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 197 inventions invention NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 198 Hidden hide VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 199 categories category NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 200 : : : en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 201 Webarchive webarchive JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 202 template template NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 203 wayback wayback NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 204 links link NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 205 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 206 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 207 short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 208 description description NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 209 Short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 210 description description NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 211 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 212 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 213 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 214 Wikidata Wikidata NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 215 Use Use NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 216 dmy dmy NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 217 dates date NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 218 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 219 July July NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 220 2012 2012 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 221 Commons Commons NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 222 link link NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 223 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 224 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 225 Wikidata Wikidata NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 226 Commons Commons NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 227 category category NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 228 link link NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 229 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 230 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 231 Wikidata Wikidata NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 232 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 233 articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 234 incorporating incorporate VBG en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 235 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 236 citation citation NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 237 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 238 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 239 1911 1911 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 240 Encyclopaedia Encyclopaedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 241 Britannica Britannica NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 242 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 243 Wikisource Wikisource NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 244 reference reference NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 245 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 246 articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 247 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 248 GND GND NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 249 identifiers identifier NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 250 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 251 articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 252 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 253 NDL NDL NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 254 identifiers identifier NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 255 Navigation Navigation NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 256 menu menu NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 257 Personal personal JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 258 tools tool NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 259 Not not RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 260 logged log VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 261 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 262 Talk Talk NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 263 Contributions Contributions NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 264 Create Create NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 265 account account NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 266 Log Log NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 267 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 268 Namespaces Namespaces NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 269 Article Article NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 270 Talk talk NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 271 Variants variant VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 272 Views view NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 273 Read read VBP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 274 Edit edit NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 275 View View NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 276 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 277 More More JJR en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 278 Search Search NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 279 Navigation Navigation NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 280 Main Main NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 281 page page NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 282 Contents content VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 283 Current current JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 284 events event NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 285 Random random JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 286 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 287 About about IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 288 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 289 Contact Contact NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 290 us -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 291 Donate Donate NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 292 Contribute contribute NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 293 Help help NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 294 Learn learn VB en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 295 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 296 edit edit VB en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 297 Community community NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 298 portal portal JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 299 Recent recent JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 300 changes change NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 301 Upload upload JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 302 file file NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 303 Tools tool NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 304 What what WP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 305 links link NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 306 here here RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 307 Related relate VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 308 changes change VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 309 Upload upload JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 310 file file VBP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 311 Special special JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 312 pages page NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 313 Permanent permanent JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 314 link link NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 315 Page Page NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 316 information information NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 317 Cite cite VB en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 318 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 319 page page NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 320 Wikidata wikidata NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 321 item item NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 322 Print print NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 323 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 324 export export NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 325 Download Download NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 326 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 327 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 328 Printable Printable NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 329 version version NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 330 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 331 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 332 projects project NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 333 Wikimedia Wikimedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 334 Commons Commons NNPS en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 335 Languages Languages NNPS en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 336 Afrikaans Afrikaans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 337 العربية العربية NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 338 অসমীয়া অসমীয়া . en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 339 Asturianu Asturianu NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 340 Azərbaycanca Azərbaycanca NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 341 বাংলা বাংলা NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 342 Беларуская Беларуская NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 343 Беларуская Беларуская NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 344 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 345 тарашкевіца)‎ тарашкевіца)‎ NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 346 Български Български NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 347 Boarisch Boarisch NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 348 Bosanski Bosanski NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 349 Brezhoneg Brezhoneg NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 350 Català Català NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 351 Čeština Čeština NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 352 Dansk Dansk NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 353 Deutsch Deutsch NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 354 Eesti Eesti NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 355 Ελληνικά Ελληνικά NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 356 Español Español NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 357 Esperanto Esperanto NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 358 Euskara Euskara NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 359 فارسی فارسی JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 360 Føroyskt Føroyskt NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 361 Français Français NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 362 Frysk Frysk NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 363 Gaeilge Gaeilge NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 364 Galego Galego NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 365 한국어 한국어 NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 366 Հայերեն Հայերեն NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 367 हिन्दी हिन्दी NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 368 Hrvatski Hrvatski NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 369 Ido Ido NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 370 Ilokano Ilokano NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 371 Bahasa Bahasa NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 372 Indonesia Indonesia NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 373 Íslenska Íslenska NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 374 Italiano Italiano NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 375 עברית עברית NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 376 Jawa Jawa NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 377 Kurdî Kurdî NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 378 Latina Latina NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 379 Latviešu Latviešu NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 380 Lëtzebuergesch Lëtzebuergesch NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 381 Lietuvių Lietuvių NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 382 Luganda Luganda NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 383 Magyar Magyar NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 384 Македонски Македонски NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 385 Malagasy Malagasy NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 386 മലയാളം മലയാളം IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 387 مصرى مصرى NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 388 Bahasa Bahasa NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 389 Melayu Melayu NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 390 Na Na NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 391 Vosa Vosa NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 392 Vakaviti Vakaviti NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 393 Nederlands Nederlands NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 394 日本語 日本語 NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 395 Norsk Norsk NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 396 bokmål bokmål NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 397 Norsk Norsk NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 398 nynorsk nynorsk NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 399 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 400 ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ਪੰਜਾਬੀ NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 401 پنجابی پنجابی NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 402 Polski Polski NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 403 Português Português NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 404 Română Română NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 405 Русский Русский NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 406 Scots Scots NNPS en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 407 Shqip Shqip NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 408 Sicilianu Sicilianu NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 409 සිංහල සිංහල NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 410 Simple Simple NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 411 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 412 Slovenčina Slovenčina NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 413 Slovenščina Slovenščina NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 414 کوردی کوردی NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 415 Српски Српски NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 416 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 417 srpski srpski JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 418 Srpskohrvatski Srpskohrvatski NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 419 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 420 српскохрватски српскохрватски NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 421 Suomi Suomi NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 422 Svenska Svenska NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 423 தமிழ் தமிழ் NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 424 Taqbaylit Taqbaylit NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 425 ไทย ไทย NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 426 Тоҷикӣ Тоҷикӣ NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 427 Türkçe Türkçe NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 428 Українська Українська NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 429 اردو اردو NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 430 Tiếng Tiếng NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 431 Việt Việt NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 432 Winaray Winaray NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 433 吴语 吴语 UH en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 434 粵語 粵語 NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 435 中文 中文 NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 436 Edit Edit NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 437 links link NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 438 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 439 page page NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 440 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 441 last last RB en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 442 edited edit VBN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 443 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 444 15 15 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 445 December December NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 446 2020 2020 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 447 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 448 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 449 07:58 07:58 CD en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 450   _SP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 451 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 452 UTC UTC NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 453 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-1089 265 454 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 266 1 Text text NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 266 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-1089 266 3 available available JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 266 4 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 266 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 266 6 Creative Creative NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 266 7 Commons Commons NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 266 8 Attribution Attribution NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 266 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-1089 266 10 ShareAlike ShareAlike NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 266 11 License License NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 266 12 ; ; , en-wikipedia-org-1089 266 13 additional additional JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 266 14 terms term NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 266 15 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-1089 266 16 apply apply VB en-wikipedia-org-1089 266 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 267 1 By by IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 267 2 using use VBG en-wikipedia-org-1089 267 3 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 267 4 site site NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 267 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 267 6 you -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-1089 267 7 agree agree VBP en-wikipedia-org-1089 267 8 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 267 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 267 10 Terms term NNS en-wikipedia-org-1089 267 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 267 12 Use Use NNP 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Inc. NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 268 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-1089 268 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-1089 268 15 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 268 16 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 268 17 profit profit JJ en-wikipedia-org-1089 268 18 organization organization NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 268 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-1089 269 1 Privacy privacy NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 269 2 policy policy NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 269 3 About about IN en-wikipedia-org-1089 269 4 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 269 5 Disclaimers Disclaimers NNPS en-wikipedia-org-1089 269 6 Contact Contact NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 269 7 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 269 8 Mobile Mobile NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 269 9 view view NN en-wikipedia-org-1089 269 10 Developers Developers NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 269 11 Statistics Statistics NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 269 12 Cookie Cookie NNP en-wikipedia-org-1089 269 13 statement statement NN