id sid tid token lemma pos en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 1 Wildcat wildcat JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 2 banking banking NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 4 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 5 Wildcat Wildcat NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 6 banking banking NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 7 From from IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 8 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 11 free free JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 12 encyclopedia encyclopedia NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 13 Jump Jump NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 14 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 15 navigation navigation NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 16 Jump Jump NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 17 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 18 search search VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 19 Period Period NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 21 banking banking NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 23 U.S. U.S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 24 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 25 Notes Notes NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 28 Bank Bank NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 30 Singapore Singapore NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 32 Michigan Michigan NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 33 Wildcat Wildcat NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 34 banking banking NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 35 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 37 issuance issuance NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 38 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 39 paper paper NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 40 currency currency NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 41 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 42 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 43 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 44 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 45 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 46 poorly poorly RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 47 capitalized capitalize VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 48 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 49 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 50 chartered charter VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 51 banks bank NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 1 52 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 2 1 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 2 2 wildcat wildcat VBP en-wikipedia-org-9479 2 3 banks bank NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 2 4 existed exist VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 2 5 alongside alongside IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 2 6 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-9479 2 7 stable stable JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 2 8 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 2 9 banks bank NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 2 10 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 2 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 2 12 Free Free NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 2 13 Banking Banking NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 2 14 Era Era NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 2 15 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 2 16 1836 1836 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 2 17 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 2 18 1865 1865 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 2 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 2 20 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-9479 2 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 2 22 country country NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 2 23 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 2 24 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 2 25 national national JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 2 26 currency currency NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 2 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 3 1 States state NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 3 2 granted grant VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 3 3 banking banking NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 3 4 charters charter NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 3 5 readily readily RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 3 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 3 7 applied apply VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 3 8 regulations regulation NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 3 9 ineffectively ineffectively RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 3 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 3 11 if if IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 3 12 at at RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 3 13 all all RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 3 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 4 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 4 2 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 4 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 4 4 Bank bank NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 4 5 closures closure NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 4 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 4 7 outright outright JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 4 8 scams scam NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 4 9 regularly regularly RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 4 10 occurred occur VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 4 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 4 12 leaving leave VBG en-wikipedia-org-9479 4 13 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 4 14 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 4 15 worthless worthless JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 4 16 money money NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 4 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 5 1 Operating operate VBG en-wikipedia-org-9479 5 2 primarily primarily RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 5 3 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 5 4 banks bank NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 5 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 5 6 issue issue NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 5 7 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 5 8 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 5 9 deposit deposit NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 5 10 banks bank NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 5 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 5 12 wildcat wildcat VBP en-wikipedia-org-9479 5 13 banks bank NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 5 14 circulated circulate VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 5 15 currency currency NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 5 16 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-9479 5 17 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 5 18 formally formally RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 5 19 redeemable redeemable JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 5 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 5 21 gold gold NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 5 22 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 5 23 silver silver NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 5 24 coin coin NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 5 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 5 26 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 5 27 practically practically RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 5 28 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 5 29 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 5 30 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 5 31 assets asset NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 5 32 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 5 33 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 5 34 government government NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 5 35 bonds bond NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 5 36 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 5 37 real real JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 5 38 estate estate NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 5 39 notes note NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 5 40 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 6 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 6 2 banks bank NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 6 3 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 6 4 typically typically RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 6 5 located locate VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 6 6 outside outside IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 6 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 6 8 commercial commercial JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 6 9 centers center NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 6 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 6 11 areas area NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 6 12 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-9479 6 13 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 6 14 possessed possess VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 6 15 land land NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 6 16 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 6 17 coins coin NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 6 18 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 6 19 scarce scarce JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 6 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 7 1 Instead instead RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 7 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 7 3 depositing deposit VBG en-wikipedia-org-9479 7 4 coins coin NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 7 5 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 7 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 7 7 bank bank NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 7 8 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 7 9 credit credit NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 7 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 7 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 7 12 client client NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 7 13 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-9479 7 14 deposit deposit VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 7 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 7 16 pledge pledge NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 7 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 7 18 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-9479 7 19 land land NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 7 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 7 21 receive receive VBP en-wikipedia-org-9479 7 22 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 7 23 loan loan NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 7 24 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 7 25 notes note NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 7 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 7 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 7 28 bank bank NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 7 29 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-9479 7 30 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 7 31 repayable repayable JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 7 32 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 7 33 cash cash NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 7 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 2 2 2 LS en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 4 Contents Contents NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 5 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 6 Forerunners Forerunners NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 7 1.1 1.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 8 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 9 England England NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 10 country country NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 11 banks bank NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 12 1.2 1.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 13 First first JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 14 federal federal JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 15 bank bank NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 16 interim interim NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 17 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 18 Background Background NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 20 free free JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 21 banking banking NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 22 2.1 2.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 23 Jacksonian jacksonian JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 24 bank bank NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 25 policy policy NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 26 2.2 2.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 27 Prevalence Prevalence NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 29 wildcat wildcat NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 30 banks bank NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 31 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 32 Free free JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 33 banking banking NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 34 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 35 Michigan Michigan NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 36 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 37 Railroad Railroad NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 38 banks bank NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 39 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 40 Late late JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 41 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 42 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 43 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 44 popular popular JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 45 culture culture NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 46 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 47 Notes note NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 48 8 8 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 49 References reference NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 50 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 51 Further further JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 52 reading read VBG en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 53 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 54 External external JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 55 links link NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 56 Forerunners[edit forerunners[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 57 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 58 Andrew Andrew NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 59 Dexter Dexter NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 60 Jr. Jr. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 61 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 62 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 63 wildcat wildcat NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 64 banking banking NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 65 pioneer pioneer VBP en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 66 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 67 England England NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 68 country country NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 69 banks[edit banks[edit NFP en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 70 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 71 See see VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 72 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 73 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 74 Suffolk Suffolk NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 75 Bank Bank NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 76 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 77 Suffolk Suffolk NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 78 System System NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 79 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 80 earliest early JJS en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 81 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 82 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 83 what what WP en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 84 came come VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 85 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 86 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 87 called call VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 88 wildcat wildcat NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 89 banking banking NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 90 began begin VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 91 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 92 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 93 England England NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 94 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 95 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 96 1790s 1790s CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 8 97 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 9 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 9 2 banking banking NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 9 3 establishment establishment NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 9 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 9 5 Boston Boston NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 9 6 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 9 7 opposed oppose VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 9 8 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 9 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 9 10 greater great JJR en-wikipedia-org-9479 9 11 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 9 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 9 13 country country NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 9 14 banks bank NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 9 15 throughout throughout IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 9 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 9 17 region region NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 9 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 10 1 Because because IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 10 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 10 3 city city NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 10 4 banks bank NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 10 5 refused refuse VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 10 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 10 7 country country NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 10 8 banks bank NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 10 9 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-9479 10 10 currency currency NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 10 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 10 12 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-9479 10 13 came come VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 10 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9479 10 15 dominate dominate VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 10 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 10 17 commercial commercial JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 10 18 activity activity NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 10 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 10 20 Boston Boston NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 10 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 10 22 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 10 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 10 24 city city NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 10 25 banks bank NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 10 26 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-9479 10 27 notes note NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 10 28 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 10 29 paid pay VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 10 30 directly directly RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 10 31 back back RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 10 32 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 10 33 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-9479 10 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 11 1 Country country NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 11 2 bankers banker NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 11 3 soon soon RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 11 4 understood understand VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 11 5 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 11 6 distance distance NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 11 7 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 11 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 11 9 city city NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 11 10 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 11 11 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 11 12 advantage advantage NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 11 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 11 14 since since IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 11 15 notes note NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 11 16 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-9479 11 17 found find VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 11 18 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-9479 11 19 way way NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 11 20 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 11 21 Boston Boston NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 11 22 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 11 23 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 11 24 easily easily RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 11 25 return return VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 11 26 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 11 27 payment payment NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 11 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 12 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 12 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 12 3 mid-1800s mid-1800 NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 12 4 businessman businessman NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 12 5 Andrew Andrew NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 12 6 Dexter Dexter NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 12 7 Jr. Jr. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 12 8 acquired acquire VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 12 9 interests interest NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 12 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 12 11 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 12 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 12 13 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 12 14 remote remote JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 12 15 banks bank NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 12 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9479 12 17 support support VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 12 18 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-9479 12 19 construction construction NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 12 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 12 21 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 12 22 central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 12 23 money money NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 12 24 exchange exchange NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 12 25 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 12 26 Boston Boston NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 12 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 13 1 He -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-9479 13 2 borrowed borrow VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 13 3 extravagantly extravagantly RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 13 4 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 13 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 13 6 banks bank NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 13 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 13 8 flooded flood VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 13 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 13 10 city city NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 13 11 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 13 12 newly newly RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 13 13 issued issue VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 13 14 notes note NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 13 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 1 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 2 included include VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 4 Farmers Farmers NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 5 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 6 Exchange Exchange NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 7 Bank Bank NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 9 Gloucester Gloucester NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 11 located locate VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 14 isolated isolated JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 15 village village NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 17 Chepachet Chepachet NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 19 Rhode Rhode NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 20 Island Island NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 21 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 23 Berkshire Berkshire NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 24 Bank Bank NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 26 located locate VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 27 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 28 Pittsfield Pittsfield NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 29 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 31 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 32 end end NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 33 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 34 Massachusetts Massachusetts NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 35 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 36 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 37 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 38 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 39 Detroit Detroit NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 40 Bank Bank NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 41 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 42 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 43 Dexter Dexter NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 44 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 45 associates associate NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 46 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 47 established establish VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 48 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 49 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 50 600 600 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 51 miles mile NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 52 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 53 970 970 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 54   _SP en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 55 km km NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 56 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 57 away away RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 58 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 59 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 60 newly newly RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 61 organized organize VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 62 Michigan Michigan NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 63 Territory Territory NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 14 64 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 15 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 15 2 3 3 LS en-wikipedia-org-9479 15 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 15 4 When when WRB en-wikipedia-org-9479 15 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 15 6 scheme scheme NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 15 7 unraveled unravel VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 15 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 15 9 1809 1809 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 15 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 15 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 15 12 Berkshire Berkshire NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 15 13 Bank Bank NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 15 14 received receive VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 15 15 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-9479 15 16 notes note NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 15 17 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 15 18 payment payment NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 15 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 15 20 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 15 21 day day NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 15 22 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 15 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 15 24 entire entire JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 15 25 amount amount NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 15 26 outstanding outstanding JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 15 27 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 15 28 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-9479 15 29 books book NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 15 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 16 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 16 2 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 16 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 16 4 Farmers Farmers NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 16 5 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-9479 16 6 Exchange Exchange NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 16 7 Bank Bank NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 16 8 made make VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 16 9 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 16 10 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 16 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 16 12 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 16 13 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 16 14 bank bank NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 16 15 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9479 16 16 fail fail VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 16 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 16 18 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 16 19 $ $ $ en-wikipedia-org-9479 16 20 86 86 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 16 21 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 16 22 hand hand NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 16 23 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9479 16 24 pay pay VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 16 25 $ $ $ en-wikipedia-org-9479 16 26 580,000 580,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 16 27 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 16 28 notes note NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 16 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 17 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 17 2 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 17 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 17 4 First first JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 17 5 federal federal JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 17 6 bank bank NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 17 7 interim[edit interim[edit NFP en-wikipedia-org-9479 17 8 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 17 9 Another another DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 17 10 period period NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 17 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 17 12 credit credit NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 17 13 expansion expansion NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 17 14 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 17 15 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 17 16 banks bank NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 17 17 occurred occur VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 17 18 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 17 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 17 20 expiration expiration NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 17 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 17 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 17 23 First First NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 17 24 Bank Bank NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 17 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 17 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 17 27 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 17 28 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 17 29 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 17 30 1811 1811 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 17 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 17 32 culminating culminate VBG en-wikipedia-org-9479 17 33 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 17 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 17 35 Panic Panic NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 17 36 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 17 37 1819 1819 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 17 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 18 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 18 2 Bank Bank NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 18 3 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-9479 18 4 prompt prompt JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 18 5 collection collection NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 18 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 18 7 state state NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 18 8 bank bank NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 18 9 notes note NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 18 10 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 18 11 enforced enforce VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 18 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 18 13 degree degree NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 18 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 18 15 responsibility responsibility NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 18 16 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-9479 18 17 soon soon RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 18 18 faded fade VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 18 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 19 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 19 2 burning burning NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 19 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 19 4 Washington Washington NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 19 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 19 6 late late JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 19 7 1814 1814 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 19 8 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 19 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 19 10 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 19 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 19 12 1812 1812 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 19 13 prompted prompt VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 19 14 bank bank NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 19 15 runs run VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9479 19 16 across across IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 19 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 19 18 eastern eastern NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 19 19 seaboard seaboard NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 19 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 19 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 19 22 suspension suspension NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 19 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 19 24 specie specie JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 19 25 payments payment NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 19 26 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 19 27 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 19 28 governments government NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 19 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 20 1 City city NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 20 2 governments government NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 20 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 20 4 every every DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 20 5 sort sort NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 20 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 20 7 business business NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 20 8 resorted resort VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 20 9 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 20 10 paying pay VBG en-wikipedia-org-9479 20 11 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-9479 20 12 expenses expense NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 20 13 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 20 14 notes note NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 20 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 20 16 shinplasters shinplaster NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 20 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 20 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 20 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 20 20 expansion expansion NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 20 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 20 22 money money NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 20 23 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-9479 20 24 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 20 25 easily easily RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 20 26 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 20 27 reined rein VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 20 28 in in RP en-wikipedia-org-9479 20 29 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 20 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 20 31 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 20 32 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 20 33 ended end VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 20 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 21 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 21 2 5 5 LS en-wikipedia-org-9479 21 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 21 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 21 5 urgent urgent JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 21 6 need need NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 21 7 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9479 21 8 restore restore VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 21 9 coins coin NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 21 10 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 21 11 circulation circulation NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 21 12 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 21 13 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 21 14 argument argument NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 21 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 21 16 favor favor NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 21 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 21 18 creating create VBG en-wikipedia-org-9479 21 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 21 20 Second Second NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 21 21 Bank Bank NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 21 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 21 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 21 24 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 21 25 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 21 26 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 21 27 1816 1816 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 21 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 22 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 22 2 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 22 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 22 4 At at IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 22 5 first first RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 22 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 22 7 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 22 8 Bank Bank NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 22 9 accommodated accommodate VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 22 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 22 11 troubled troubled JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 22 12 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 22 13 banks bank NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 22 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 22 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 22 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 22 17 proliferation proliferation NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 22 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 22 19 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 22 20 banks bank NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 22 21 continued continue VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 22 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 23 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 23 2 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 23 3 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 23 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 23 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 23 6 law law NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 23 7 prohibited prohibit VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 23 8 anyone anyone NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 23 9 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 23 10 forming form VBG en-wikipedia-org-9479 23 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 23 12 corporation corporation NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 23 13 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 23 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 23 15 purpose purpose NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 23 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 23 17 banking banking NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 23 18 without without IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 23 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 23 20 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 23 21 charter charter NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 23 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 23 23 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 23 24 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 23 25 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 23 26 prevent prevent VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 23 27 banking banking NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 23 28 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 23 29 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 23 30 side side NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 23 31 business business NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 23 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 24 1 By by IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 24 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 24 3 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 24 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 24 5 legislature legislature NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 24 6 closed close VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 24 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 24 8 loophole loophole NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 24 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 24 10 1818 1818 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 24 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 24 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 24 13 businesses business NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 24 14 exploiting exploit VBG en-wikipedia-org-9479 24 15 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-9479 24 16 included include VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 24 17 aqueduct aqueduct NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 24 18 companies company NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 24 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 24 20 turnpike turnpike NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 24 21 companies company NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 24 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 24 23 tavern tavern NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 24 24 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9479 24 25 keepers keeper NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 24 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 24 27 glass glass NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 24 28 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9479 24 29 makers maker NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 24 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 25 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 25 2 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 25 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 25 4 Unchartered Unchartered NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 25 5 banking banking NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 25 6 associations association NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 25 7 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 25 8 created create VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 25 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 25 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 25 11 western western JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 25 12 regions region NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 25 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 25 14 Virginia Virginia NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 25 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 25 16 Pennsylvania Pennsylvania NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 25 17 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9479 25 18 supply supply VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 25 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 25 20 credit credit NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 25 21 needs need NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 25 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 25 23 local local JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 25 24 settlers,[7 settlers,[7 NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 25 25 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 25 26 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 25 27 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 25 28 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 25 29 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 25 30 Kentucky Kentucky NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 25 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 25 32 Ohio Ohio NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 25 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 26 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 26 2 traveler traveler NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 26 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 26 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 26 5 latter latter JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 26 6 states state NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 26 7 observed observe VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 26 8 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9479 26 9 much much JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 26 10 trouble trouble NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 26 11 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 26 12 paper paper NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 26 13 money money NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 26 14 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9479 26 15 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 26 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 26 17 end end NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 26 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 26 19 1818 1818 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 26 20 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-9479 26 21 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-9479 26 22 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 26 23 lead lead VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 26 24 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 26 25 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9479 26 26 penance penance NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 26 27 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9479 26 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 26 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 26 30 return return NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 26 31 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 26 32 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 26 33 smaller small JJR en-wikipedia-org-9479 26 34 money money NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 26 35 stock stock NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 26 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 27 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 27 2 8 8 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 27 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 27 4 By by IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 27 5 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 27 6 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 27 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 27 8 policy policy NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 27 9 shift shift NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 27 10 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 27 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 27 12 Second Second NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 27 13 Bank Bank NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 27 14 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 27 15 already already RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 27 16 underway underway JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 27 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 28 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 28 2 response response NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 28 3 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 28 4 declining decline VBG en-wikipedia-org-9479 28 5 crop crop NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 28 6 prices price NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 28 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 28 8 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-9479 28 9 called call VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 28 10 upon upon IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 28 11 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 28 12 banks bank NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 28 13 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 28 14 cash cash NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 28 15 payment payment NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 28 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 28 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 28 18 notes note NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 28 19 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 28 20 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-9479 28 21 held hold VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 28 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 29 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 29 2 Bank Bank NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 29 3 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-9479 29 4 call call NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 29 5 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 29 6 followed follow VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 29 7 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 29 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 29 9 collapse collapse NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 29 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 29 11 prices price NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 29 12 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 29 13 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 29 14 agricultural agricultural JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 29 15 exports export NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 29 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 30 1 Real real JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 30 2 estate estate NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 30 3 prices price NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 30 4 plummeted plummet VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 30 5 amid amid IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 30 6 foreclosures foreclosure NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 30 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 30 8 businesses business NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 30 9 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 30 10 ruined ruin VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 30 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 30 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 30 13 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 30 14 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9479 30 15 year year NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 30 16 recession recession NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 30 17 followed follow VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 30 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 31 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 31 2 crisis crisis NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 31 3 left leave VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 31 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 31 5 Bank Bank NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 31 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 31 7 better well JJR en-wikipedia-org-9479 31 8 financial financial JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 31 9 condition condition NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 31 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 31 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 31 12 remaining remain VBG en-wikipedia-org-9479 31 13 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 31 14 banks bank NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 31 15 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-9479 31 16 accountable accountable JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 31 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 31 18 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 31 19 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 31 20 left leave VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 31 21 resentment resentment NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 31 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 31 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 31 24 Bank Bank NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 31 25 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-9479 31 26 harsh harsh JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 31 27 approach approach NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 31 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 2 9][10 9][10 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 4 Background Background NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 6 free free JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 7 banking[edit banking[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 8 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 9 Jacksonian jacksonian JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 10 bank bank NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 11 policy[edit policy[edit CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 12 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 13 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 14 1833 1833 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 16 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 17 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 19 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 20 effort effort NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 21 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 22 break break VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 24 political political JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 25 power power NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 28 Second Second NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 29 Bank Bank NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 31 President President NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 32 Andrew Andrew NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 33 Jackson Jackson NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 34 ordered order VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 36 removal removal NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 37 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 38 federal federal JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 39 funds fund NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 40 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 41 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 42 Bank Bank NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 43 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 44 favored favor VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 45 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 46 banks bank NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 47 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 48 known know VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 49 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 50 pet pet JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 51 banks bank NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 32 52 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 33 1 He -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-9479 33 2 subsequently subsequently RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 33 3 signed sign VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 33 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 33 5 Deposit Deposit NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 33 6 Act Act NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 33 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 33 8 1836 1836 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 33 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 33 10 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-9479 33 11 continued continue VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 33 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 33 13 federal federal JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 33 14 subsidy subsidy NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 33 15 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 33 16 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 33 17 banks bank NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 33 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 33 19 prevented prevent VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 33 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 33 21 Secretary Secretary NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 33 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 33 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 33 24 Treasury Treasury NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 33 25 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 33 26 regulating regulate VBG en-wikipedia-org-9479 33 27 credit credit NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 33 28 expansion expansion NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 33 29 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 33 30 those those DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 33 31 banks bank NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 33 32 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 33 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 33 34 manner manner NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 33 35 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 33 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 33 37 Second Second NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 33 38 Bank Bank NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 33 39 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 33 40 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 34 1 He -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-9479 34 2 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 34 3 issued issue VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 34 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 34 5 Specie Specie NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 34 6 Circular Circular NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 34 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 34 8 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-9479 34 9 required require VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 34 10 federal federal JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 34 11 land land NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 34 12 sales sale NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 34 13 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9479 34 14 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 34 15 paid pay VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 34 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 34 17 silver silver NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 34 18 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 34 19 gold gold NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 34 20 coin coin NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 34 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 34 22 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 34 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 34 24 effect effect NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 34 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 34 26 drawing draw VBG en-wikipedia-org-9479 34 27 those those DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 34 28 coins coin NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 34 29 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 34 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 34 31 coast coast NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 34 32 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 34 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 34 34 developing develop VBG en-wikipedia-org-9479 34 35 interior interior NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 34 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 35 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 35 2 collapse collapse NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 35 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 35 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 35 5 price price NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 35 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 35 7 cotton cotton NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 35 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 35 9 1836 1836 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 35 10 led lead VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 35 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 35 12 Bank Bank NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 35 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 35 14 England England NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 35 15 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9479 35 16 limit limit VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 35 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 35 18 flow flow NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 35 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 35 20 money money NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 35 21 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 35 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 35 23 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 35 24 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 35 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 36 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 36 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 36 3 along along IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 36 4 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 36 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 36 6 failure failure NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 36 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 36 8 domestic domestic JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 36 9 businesses business NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 36 10 involved involve VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 36 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 36 12 cotton cotton NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 36 13 production production NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 36 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 36 15 produced produce VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 36 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 36 17 Panic Panic NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 36 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 36 19 1837 1837 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 36 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 36 21 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 36 22 economic economic JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 36 23 depression depression NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 36 24 lasting last VBG en-wikipedia-org-9479 36 25 roughly roughly RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 36 26 five five CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 36 27 years year NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 36 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 37 1 Businesses business NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 37 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 37 3 especially especially RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 37 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 37 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 37 6 west west NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 37 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 37 8 found find VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 37 9 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-9479 37 10 difficult difficult JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 37 11 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9479 37 12 obtain obtain VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 37 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 37 14 hard hard JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 37 15 money money NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 37 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9479 37 17 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-9479 37 18 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-9479 37 19 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 37 20 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 37 21 accustomed accustom VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 37 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 37 23 turned turn VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 37 24 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 37 25 creative creative JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 37 26 methods method NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 37 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 37 28 finance finance NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 37 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 38 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 38 2 subsequent subsequent JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 38 3 years year NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 38 4 Democratic Democratic NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 38 5 Party Party NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 38 6 politicians politician NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 38 7 continued continue VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 38 8 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9479 38 9 oppose oppose VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 38 10 centralized centralized JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 38 11 banking banking NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 38 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 38 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 38 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 38 15 Supreme Supreme NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 38 16 Court Court NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 38 17 ruled rule VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 38 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 38 19 Briscoe Briscoe NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 38 20 v. v. IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 38 21 Bank Bank NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 38 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 38 23 Kentucky Kentucky NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 38 24 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-9479 38 25 states state NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 38 26 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-9479 38 27 issue issue VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 38 28 currency currency NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 38 29 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 38 30 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 38 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 38 32 credit credit NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 38 33 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 38 34 private private JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 38 35 parties party NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 38 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 38 37 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 38 38 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 38 39 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 38 40 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 38 41 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 38 42 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 39 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 39 2 2 2 LS en-wikipedia-org-9479 39 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 39 4 Prevalence prevalence NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 39 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 39 6 wildcat wildcat NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 39 7 banks[edit banks[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 39 8 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 39 9 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 39 10 experience experience NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 39 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 39 12 free free JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 39 13 banking banking NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 39 14 varied vary VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 39 15 across across IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 39 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 39 17 country country NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 39 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 40 1 As as IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 40 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 40 3 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 40 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 40 5 independent independent JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 40 6 banks bank NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 40 7 chartered charter VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 40 8 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 40 9 independent independent JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 40 10 legislatures legislature NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 40 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 40 12 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-9479 40 13 suffered suffer VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 40 14 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 40 15 inconsistency inconsistency NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 40 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 40 17 inconvenience inconvenience NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 40 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 40 19 risk risk NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 40 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 40 21 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 40 22 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 40 23 every every DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 40 24 privately privately RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 40 25 organized organize VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 40 26 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 40 27 bank bank NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 40 28 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 40 29 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 40 30 fraudulent fraudulent JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 40 31 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 40 32 reckless reckless JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 40 33 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9479 40 34 wildcat wildcat NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 40 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 40 36 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9479 41 1 Even even RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 41 2 relatively relatively RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 41 3 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 41 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9479 41 5 run run VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 41 6 banks bank NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 41 7 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-9479 41 8 fail fail VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 41 9 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9479 41 10 pay pay VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 41 11 out out RP en-wikipedia-org-9479 41 12 if if IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 41 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 41 14 drop drop NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 41 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 41 16 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 41 17 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 41 18 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-9479 41 19 credit credit NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 41 20 devalued devalue VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 41 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 41 22 bonds bond NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 41 23 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-9479 41 24 secured secure VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 41 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 41 26 bank bank NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 41 27 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-9479 41 28 notes note NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 41 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 41 30 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 41 31 if if IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 41 32 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 41 33 crisis crisis NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 41 34 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 41 35 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 41 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 41 37 outbreak outbreak NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 41 38 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 41 39 war war NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 41 40 shook shake VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 41 41 public public JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 41 42 confidence confidence NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 41 43 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 42 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 42 2 11][12 11][12 LS en-wikipedia-org-9479 42 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 42 4 Free free JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 42 5 banking banking NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 42 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 42 7 Michigan[edit michigan[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 42 8 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 42 9 Jacksonian jacksonian JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 42 10 Democrats Democrats NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9479 42 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 42 12 Michigan Michigan NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 42 13 advocated advocate VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 42 14 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 42 15 free free JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 42 16 banking banking NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 42 17 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 42 18 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 42 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 42 20 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 42 21 monopoly monopoly NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 42 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 43 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 43 2 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 43 3 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9479 43 4 wildcat wildcat NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 43 5 banking banking NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 43 6 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9479 43 7 arose arise VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 43 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 43 9 reference reference NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 43 10 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 43 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 43 12 Michigan Michigan NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 43 13 banking banking NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 43 14 boom boom NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 43 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 43 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 43 17 late late JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 43 18 1830s 1830 NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 43 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 1 Promptly promptly RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 2 upon upon IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 3 becoming become VBG en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 5 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 7 1837 1837 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 9 Michigan Michigan NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 10 passed pass VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 12 General General NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 13 Banking Banking NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 14 Act Act NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 16 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 17 allowed allow VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 18 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 19 group group NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 21 landowners landowner NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 22 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 23 organize organize VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 24 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 25 bank bank NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 26 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 27 raising raise VBG en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 28 at at RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 29 least least RBS en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 30 $ $ $ en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 31 50,000 50,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 32 capital capital NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 33 stock stock NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 34 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 35 depositing depositing NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 36 notes note NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 37 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 38 real real JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 39 estate estate NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 40 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 41 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 42 government government NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 43 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 44 security security NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 45 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 46 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 47 bank bank NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 48 notes note NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 44 49 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 45 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 45 2 law law NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 45 3 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 45 4 unprecedented unprecedented JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 45 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 45 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 45 7 country country NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 45 8 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-9479 45 9 legislatures legislature NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 45 10 normally normally RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 45 11 chartered charter VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 45 12 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 45 13 bank bank NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 45 14 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 45 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 45 16 separate separate JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 45 17 act act NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 45 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 46 1 Although although IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 46 2 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-9479 46 3 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 46 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 46 5 regulated regulated JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 46 6 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 46 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 46 8 theory theory NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 46 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 46 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 46 11 commissioners commissioner NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 46 12 appointed appoint VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 46 13 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9479 46 14 regulate regulate VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 46 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 46 16 banks bank NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 46 17 lacked lack VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 46 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 46 19 resources resource NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 46 20 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9479 46 21 do do VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 46 22 so so RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 46 23 effectively effectively RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 46 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 2 total total NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 4 49 49 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 5 banks bank NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 6 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 7 established establish VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 10 surprising surprising JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 11 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 12 given give VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 14 capital capital NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 15 requirement requirement NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 19 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 20 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 21 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 22 found find VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 23 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 24 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 25 cheated cheat VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 27 law law NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 28 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 29 watering water VBG en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 30 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 31 stock stock NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 32 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 33 phony phony JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 34 contributions contribution NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 35 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 36 passing pass VBG en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 37 cash cash NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 38 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 39 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 40 bank bank NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 41 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 42 another another DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 43 ahead ahead NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 44 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 45 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 46 visiting visit VBG en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 47 commissioners commissioner NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 47 48 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 48 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 48 2 13][14 13][14 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 48 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 48 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 48 5 banks bank NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 48 6 issued issue VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 48 7 currency currency NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 48 8 notes note NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 48 9 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-9479 48 10 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-9479 48 11 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 48 12 redeemed redeem VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 48 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 48 14 specie specie VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 48 15 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 48 16 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 48 17 rural rural JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 48 18 locations location NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 48 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 48 20 assuming assume VBG en-wikipedia-org-9479 48 21 cash cash NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 48 22 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 48 23 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 48 24 hand hand NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 48 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 49 1 Commissioner Commissioner NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 49 2 Alpheus Alpheus NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 49 3 Felch Felch NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 49 4 recalled recall VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 49 5 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 49 6 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 49 7 bank bank NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 49 8 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-9479 49 9 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9479 49 10 cash cash NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 49 11 reserves reserve NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 49 12 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9479 49 13 consisted consist VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 49 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 49 15 boxes box NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 49 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 49 17 nails nail NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 49 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 49 19 glass glass NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 49 20 topped top VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 49 21 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 49 22 silver silver NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 49 23 coins coin NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 49 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 50 1 Anyone anyone NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 50 2 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-9479 50 3 received receive VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 50 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 50 5 notes note NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 50 6 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 50 7 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9479 50 8 discount discount VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 50 9 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-9479 50 10 according accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-9479 50 11 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 50 12 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-9479 50 13 expected expect VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 50 14 redemption redemption NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 50 15 value value NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 50 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 51 1 According accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-9479 51 2 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 51 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 51 4 contemporary contemporary JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 51 5 newspaper newspaper NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 51 6 report report NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 51 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9479 51 8 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9479 51 9 Michigan Michigan NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 51 10 money money NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 51 11 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9479 51 12 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 51 13 classed class VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 51 14 — — : en-wikipedia-org-9479 51 15 First first JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 51 16 quality quality NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 51 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 51 18 Red Red NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 51 19 Dog Dog NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 51 20 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9479 51 21 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 51 22 quality quality NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 51 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 51 24 Wild Wild NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 51 25 Cat Cat NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 51 26 ; ; , en-wikipedia-org-9479 51 27 third third JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 51 28 quality quality NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 51 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 51 30 Catamount Catamount NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 51 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 52 1 Of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 52 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 52 3 best good JJS en-wikipedia-org-9479 52 4 quality quality NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 52 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 52 6 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-9479 52 7 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9479 52 8 said say VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 52 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 52 10 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-9479 52 11 takes take VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9479 52 12 five five CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 52 13 pecks peck NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 52 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9479 52 15 make make VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 52 16 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 52 17 bushel bushel NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 52 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 53 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9479 53 2 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 53 3 15 15 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 53 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 53 5 Precisely precisely RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 53 6 how how WRB en-wikipedia-org-9479 53 7 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 53 8 terms term NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 53 9 became become VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 53 10 associated associate VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 53 11 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 53 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 53 13 notes note NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 53 14 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9479 53 15 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 53 16 known know VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 53 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 2 14 14 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 4 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 5 counterfeit counterfeit JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 6 note note NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 9 collection collection NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 11 Eric Eric NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 12 P. P. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 13 Newman Newman NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 14 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 15 features feature VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 16 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 17 mountain mountain NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 18 lion lion NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 19 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 20 become become VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 21 known know VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 22 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 24 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 25 true true JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 26 wild wild JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 27 cat cat NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 28 note note NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 30 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 31 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 32 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 33 purports purport VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 34 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 35 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 36 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 37 1828 1828 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 38 note note NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 39 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 40 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 41 Catskill Catskill NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 42 Bank Bank NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 43 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 44 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 45 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 46 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 47 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 48 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 49 apparent apparent JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 50 connection connection NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 51 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 52 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 53 events event NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 54 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 55 Michigan Michigan NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 54 56 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 55 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 55 2 16 16 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 55 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 55 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 55 5 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 55 6 explanation explanation NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 55 7 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9479 55 8 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 55 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 55 10 banks bank NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 55 11 located locate VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 55 12 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-9479 55 13 offices office NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 55 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 55 15 inaccessible inaccessible JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 55 16 areas area NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 55 17 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-9479 55 18 animals animal NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 55 19 outnumbered outnumber VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 55 20 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 55 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 56 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 56 2 17 17 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 56 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 56 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 56 5 response response NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 56 6 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 56 7 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 56 8 abuses abuse NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 56 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 56 10 Michigan Michigan NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 56 11 suspended suspend VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 56 12 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 56 13 charters charter NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 56 14 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 56 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 56 16 act act NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 56 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 57 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-9479 57 2 attempted attempt VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 57 3 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9479 57 4 create create VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 57 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 57 6 single single JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 57 7 closely closely RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 57 8 regulated regulated JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 57 9 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 57 10 bank bank NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 57 11 modeled model VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 57 12 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 57 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 57 14 neighboring neighbor VBG en-wikipedia-org-9479 57 15 Bank Bank NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 57 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 57 17 Indiana Indiana NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 57 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 57 19 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 57 20 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 57 21 unable unable JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 57 22 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9479 57 23 raise raise VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 57 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 57 25 necessary necessary JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 57 26 capital capital NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 57 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 58 1 States state NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 58 2 continued continue VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 58 3 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9479 58 4 experiment experiment VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 58 5 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 58 6 banking banking NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 58 7 regulation regulation NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 58 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 58 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 58 10 absence absence NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 58 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 58 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 58 13 federal federal JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 58 14 policy policy NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 58 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 58 16 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 58 17 Arkansas Arkansas NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 58 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 58 19 Iowa Iowa NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 58 20 prohibited prohibit VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 58 21 banks bank NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 58 22 entirely entirely RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 58 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 59 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 59 2 citation citation NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 59 3 needed need VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 59 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 59 5 Railroad Railroad NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 59 6 banks[edit banks[edit NFP en-wikipedia-org-9479 59 7 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 59 8 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 59 9 note note NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 59 10 issued issue VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 59 11 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 59 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 59 13 banking banking NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 59 14 arm arm NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 59 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 59 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 59 17 Erie Erie NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 59 18 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 59 19 Kalamazoo Kalamazoo NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 59 20 Railroad Railroad NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 59 21 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 59 22 Free Free NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 59 23 Banking Banking NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 59 24 Era Era NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 59 25 coincided coincide VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 59 26 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 59 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 59 28 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 59 29 phase phase NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 59 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 59 31 railroad railroad NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 59 32 speculation speculation NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 59 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 60 1 Not not RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 60 2 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 60 3 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 60 4 banks bank NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 60 5 sponsor sponsor VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 60 6 railroads railroad NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 60 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 60 8 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 60 9 railroad railroad NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 60 10 companies company NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 60 11 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 60 12 entered enter VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 60 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 60 14 banking banking NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 60 15 business business NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 60 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9479 60 17 finance finance VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 60 18 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-9479 60 19 expenses expense NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 60 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 61 1 Although although IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 61 2 railroads railroad NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 61 3 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 61 4 indeed indeed RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 61 5 built build VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 61 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 61 7 spectacular spectacular JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 61 8 failures failure NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 61 9 occurred occur VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 61 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 62 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 62 2 Ohio Ohio NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 62 3 Railroad Railroad NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 62 4 company company NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 62 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 62 6 established establish VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 62 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 62 8 1835 1835 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 62 9 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9479 62 10 build build VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 62 11 along along IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 62 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 62 13 coast coast NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 62 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 62 15 Lake Lake NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 62 16 Erie Erie NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 62 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 62 18 immediately immediately RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 62 19 used use VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 62 20 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 62 21 permissive permissive JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 62 22 clause clause NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 62 23 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 62 24 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-9479 62 25 charter charter NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 62 26 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9479 62 27 begin begin VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 62 28 issuing issue VBG en-wikipedia-org-9479 62 29 credit credit NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 62 30 notes note NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 62 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 62 32 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-9479 62 33 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-9479 62 34 redeemed redeem VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 62 35 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 62 36 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-9479 62 37 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 62 38 funding funding NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 62 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 63 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 63 2 company company NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 63 3 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-9479 63 4 failure failure NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 63 5 left leave VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 63 6 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 63 7 hundred hundred CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 63 8 thousand thousand CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 63 9 dollars dollar NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 63 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 63 11 worthless worthless JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 63 12 currency currency NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 63 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 63 14 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 63 15 unusable unusable JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 63 16 track track NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 63 17 built build VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 63 18 upon upon IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 63 19 wooden wooden JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 63 20 pilings piling NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 63 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 64 1 Similar similar JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 64 2 episodes episode NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 64 3 played play VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 64 4 out out RP en-wikipedia-org-9479 64 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 64 6 southern southern JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 64 7 states state NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 64 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 64 9 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-9479 64 10 railroads railroad NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 64 11 received receive VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 64 12 explicit explicit JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 64 13 authority authority NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 64 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9479 64 15 operate operate VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 64 16 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 64 17 banks bank NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 64 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 65 1 An an DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 65 2 1830s 1830s CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 65 3 railroad railroad NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 65 4 boom boom NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 65 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 65 6 Mississippi Mississippi NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 65 7 covered cover VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 65 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 65 9 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 65 10 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 65 11 speculative speculative JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 65 12 routes route NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 65 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 65 14 railroad railroad NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 65 15 bank bank NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 65 16 paper paper NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 65 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 66 1 Robert Robert NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 66 2 Y. Y. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 66 3 Hayne Hayne NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 66 4 organized organize VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 66 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 66 6 South South NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 66 7 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 66 8 Railroad Railroad NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 66 9 Bank Bank NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 66 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9479 66 11 finance finance VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 66 12 interstate interstate JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 66 13 routes route NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 66 14 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 66 15 South South NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 66 16 Carolina Carolina NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 66 17 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 66 18 Ohio Ohio NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 66 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 66 20 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 66 21 stringent stringent JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 66 22 rules rule NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 66 23 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9479 66 24 protect protect VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 66 25 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-9479 66 26 capital capital NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 66 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 66 28 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 66 29 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-9479 66 30 ultimately ultimately RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 66 31 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 66 32 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9479 66 33 suspend suspend VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 66 34 payments payment NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 66 35 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 66 36 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-9479 66 37 notes note NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 66 38 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-9479 66 39 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 66 40 railroad railroad NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 66 41 ran run VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 66 42 out out IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 66 43 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 66 44 funding funding NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 66 45 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 67 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 67 2 18 18 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 67 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 67 4 One one CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 67 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 67 6 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 67 7 institutions institution NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 67 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 67 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 67 10 Georgia Georgia NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 67 11 Railroad Railroad NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 67 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 67 13 Banking Banking NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 67 14 Company Company NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 67 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 67 16 survived survive VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 67 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 67 18 Free Free NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 67 19 Banking Banking NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 67 20 Era Era NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 67 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 67 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 67 23 Civil Civil NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 67 24 War War NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 67 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 67 26 subsequent subsequent JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 67 27 upheavals upheaval NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 67 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 67 29 ultimately ultimately RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 67 30 merging merge VBG en-wikipedia-org-9479 67 31 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 67 32 First First NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 67 33 Union Union NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 67 34 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 67 35 1986 1986 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 67 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 68 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 68 2 19 19 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 68 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 68 4 Late late JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 68 5 period[edit period[edit VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 68 6 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 68 7 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 68 8 Bank Bank NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 68 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 68 10 Florence Florence NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 68 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 68 12 present present JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 68 13 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9479 68 14 day day NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 68 15 Omaha omaha NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 68 16 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 68 17 1850s 1850s CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 68 18 saw see VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 68 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 68 20 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 68 21 wave wave NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 68 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 68 23 free free JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 68 24 banking banking NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 68 25 laws law NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 68 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 68 27 outbreaks outbreak NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 68 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 68 29 wildcat wildcat NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 68 30 banking banking NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 68 31 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 68 32 Tennessee Tennessee NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 68 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 68 34 Indiana Indiana NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 68 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 68 36 Wisconsin Wisconsin NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 68 37 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 68 38 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 68 39 Nebraska Nebraska NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 68 40 Territory Territory NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 68 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 69 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 69 2 20 20 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 69 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 69 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 69 5 laws law NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 69 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 69 7 Indiana Indiana NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 69 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 69 9 Wisconsin Wisconsin NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 69 10 allowed allow VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 69 11 bankers banker NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 69 12 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9479 69 13 start start VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 69 14 business business NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 69 15 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 69 16 minimal minimal JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 69 17 capital capital NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 69 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 69 19 accepted accept VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 69 20 discounted discount VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 69 21 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 69 22 bonds bond NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 69 23 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 69 24 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-9479 69 25 face face NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 69 26 value value NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 69 27 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 69 28 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 69 29 security security NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 69 30 deposit deposit NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 69 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 70 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 70 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9479 70 3 banker banker NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 70 4 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9479 70 5 might may MD en-wikipedia-org-9479 70 6 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 70 7 pay pay VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 70 8 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 70 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 70 10 discounted discount VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 70 11 bonds bond NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 70 12 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 70 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 70 14 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 70 15 notes note NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 70 16 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 70 17 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-9479 70 18 backed back VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 70 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 70 20 draw draw VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 70 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 70 22 interest interest NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 70 23 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 70 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 70 25 bonds bond NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 70 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 70 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 70 28 circulate circulate VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 70 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 70 30 surplus surplus JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 70 31 notes note NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 70 32 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 70 33 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-9479 70 34 chose choose VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 70 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 71 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 71 2 21][22 21][22 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 71 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 71 4 Nebraska Nebraska NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 71 5 declared declare VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 71 6 bank bank NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 71 7 issues issue NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 71 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 71 9 crime crime NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 71 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 71 11 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-9479 71 12 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 71 13 legislative legislative JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 71 14 session session NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 71 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 71 16 1855 1855 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 71 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 71 18 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 71 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 71 20 following following JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 71 21 year year NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 71 22 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-9479 71 23 granted grant VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 71 24 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 71 25 banking banking NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 71 26 charters charter NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 71 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 71 28 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-9479 71 29 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 71 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 71 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 71 32 Bank Bank NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 71 33 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 71 34 Florence Florence NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 71 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 72 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 72 2 third third JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 72 3 year year NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 72 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 72 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 72 6 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 72 7 criminal criminal JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 72 8 code code NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 72 9 omitted omit VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 72 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 72 11 banking banking NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 72 12 provision provision NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 72 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 72 14 allowing allow VBG en-wikipedia-org-9479 72 15 banks bank NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 72 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9479 72 17 organize organize VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 72 18 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 72 19 general general JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 72 20 business business NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 72 21 law law NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 72 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 73 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 73 2 23 23 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 73 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 73 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 73 5 Panic Panic NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 73 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 73 7 1857 1857 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 73 8 wiped wipe VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 73 9 out out RP en-wikipedia-org-9479 73 10 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 73 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 73 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 73 13 territory territory NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 73 14 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-9479 73 15 banks bank NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 73 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 73 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 73 18 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 73 19 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 73 20 paid pay VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 73 21 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 73 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 73 23 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-9479 73 24 notes note NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 73 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 74 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 74 2 24 24 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 74 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 74 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 74 5 1863 1863 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 74 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 74 7 federal federal JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 74 8 government government NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 74 9 passed pass VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 74 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 74 11 National National NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 74 12 Bank Bank NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 74 13 Act Act NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 74 14 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-9479 74 15 created create VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 74 16 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 74 17 national national JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 74 18 currency currency NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 74 19 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 74 20 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 74 21 federal federal JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 74 22 debt debt NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 74 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 75 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 75 2 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 75 3 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 75 4 another another DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 75 5 centralized centralized JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 75 6 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 75 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 76 1 Local local JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 76 2 private private JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 76 3 banks bank NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 76 4 issued issue VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 76 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 76 6 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 76 7 currency currency NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 76 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 76 9 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 76 10 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 76 11 uniform uniform JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 76 12 rules rule NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 76 13 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-9479 76 14 prevented prevent VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 76 15 confusion confusion NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 76 16 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 76 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 76 18 value value NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 76 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 76 20 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 76 21 bank bank NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 76 22 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-9479 76 23 notes note NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 76 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 77 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 77 2 heavy heavy JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 77 3 tax tax NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 77 4 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 77 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 77 6 former former JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 77 7 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 77 8 bank bank NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 77 9 notes note NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 77 10 removed remove VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 77 11 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-9479 77 12 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 77 13 circulation circulation NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 77 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 77 15 bringing bring VBG en-wikipedia-org-9479 77 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 77 17 wildcat wildcat NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 77 18 phenomenon phenomenon NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 77 19 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 77 20 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 77 21 end end NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 77 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 78 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 78 2 25 25 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 78 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 78 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 78 5 popular popular JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 78 6 culture[edit culture[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-9479 78 7 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 78 8 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 78 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 78 10 Swedish swedish JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 78 11 movie movie NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 78 12 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 78 13 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 78 14 Land Land NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 78 15 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 78 16 1972 1972 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 78 17 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 78 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 78 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 78 20 character character NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 78 21 Robert Robert NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 78 22 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9479 78 23 paid pay VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 78 24 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 78 25 wildcat wildcat NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 78 26 notes note NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 78 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 78 28 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-9479 78 29 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9479 78 30 later later RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 78 31 discovered discover VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 78 32 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 78 33 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-9479 78 34 brother brother NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 78 35 Karl Karl NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 78 36 Oskar Oskar NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 78 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 79 1 Notes[edit notes[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-9479 79 2 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 79 3 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 79 4 Krause Krause NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 79 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 79 6 Chester Chester NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 79 7 L. L. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 79 8 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9479 79 9 Lemke Lemke NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 79 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 79 11 Robert Robert NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 79 12 F. F. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 79 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 79 14 2003 2003 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 79 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 79 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 80 1 Standard Standard NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 80 2 Catalog Catalog NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 80 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 80 4 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 80 5 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 80 6 Paper Paper NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 80 7 Money Money NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 80 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 81 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 81 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 81 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 81 4 Conant Conant NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 81 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 81 6 Charles Charles NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 81 7 A. A. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 82 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 82 2 1915 1915 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 82 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 82 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 83 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 83 2 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 83 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 83 4 Modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 83 5 Banks bank NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 83 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 83 7 Issue issue NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 83 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 83 9 5th 5th JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 83 10   _SP en-wikipedia-org-9479 83 11 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 83 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 83 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 83 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 84 1 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 84 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 85 1 373–379 373–379 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 85 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 86 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 86 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 86 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 86 4 Kamensky Kamensky NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 86 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 86 6 Jane Jane NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 86 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 86 8 2008 2008 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 86 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 86 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 87 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 87 2 Exchange Exchange NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 87 3 Artist Artist NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 87 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 88 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 88 2 Smith Smith NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 88 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 88 4 Joseph Joseph NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 88 5 Edward Edward NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 88 6 A. A. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 89 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 89 2 1876 1876 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 89 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 89 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 90 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 90 2 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 90 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 90 4 Pittsfield Pittsfield NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 90 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 91 1 2 2 LS en-wikipedia-org-9479 91 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 92 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 92 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 92 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 92 4 Knox Knox NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 92 5 1900 1900 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 92 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 92 7 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 92 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 93 1 398 398 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 93 2 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-9479 93 3 399 399 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 93 4 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 93 5 McMaster McMaster NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 93 6 1916 1916 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 93 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 93 8 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 93 9   _SP en-wikipedia-org-9479 93 10 309 309 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 93 11 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 93 12 McMaster McMaster NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 93 13 1916 1916 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 93 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 93 15 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 93 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 94 1 293 293 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 94 2 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-9479 94 3 309 309 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 94 4 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-9479 94 5 Flint Flint NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 94 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 94 7 James James NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 94 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 94 9 1822 1822 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 94 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 94 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 95 1 Letters letter NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 95 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 95 3 America America NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 95 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 96 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 96 2 Wilentz Wilentz NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 96 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 96 4 Sean Sean NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 96 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 96 6 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 96 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 96 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 97 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 97 2 Rise rise NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 97 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 97 4 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 97 5 Democracy democracy NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 97 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9479 97 7 Jefferson Jefferson NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 97 8 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 97 9 Lincoln Lincoln NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 97 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 98 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 98 2 Catterall catterall NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 98 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 98 4 Ralph Ralph NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 98 5 Charles Charles NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 98 6 Henry Henry NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 98 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 98 8 1902 1902 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 98 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 98 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 99 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 99 2 First First NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 99 3 Six six CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 99 4 Years year NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 99 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 99 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 99 7 Second Second NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 99 8 Bank Bank NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 99 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 99 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 99 11 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 99 12 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 99 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 100 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 100 2 Dwyer Dwyer NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 100 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 100 4 Gerald Gerald NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 100 5 P. P. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 100 6 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9479 100 7 Wildcat Wildcat NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 100 8 Banking Banking NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 100 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 100 10 Banking Banking NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 100 11 Panics Panics NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9479 100 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 100 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 100 14 Free Free NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 100 15 Banking Banking NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 100 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 100 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 100 18 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 100 19 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 100 20 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9479 100 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 101 1 Economic Economic NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 101 2 Review Review NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 101 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 101 4 1996 1996 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 101 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 101 6 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 101 7 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 101 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 102 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 102 2 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 102 3 December December NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 102 4 2013 2013 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 102 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 103 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 103 2 Rolnick Rolnick NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 103 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 103 4 Arthur Arthur NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 103 5 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 103 6 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9479 103 7 Weber Weber NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 103 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 103 9 Warner Warner NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 103 10 E. E. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 103 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 103 12 Fall Fall NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 103 13 1982 1982 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 103 14 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 103 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 104 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9479 104 2 Free Free NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 104 3 Banking Banking NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 104 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 104 5 Wildcat Wildcat NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 104 6 Banking Banking NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 104 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 104 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 104 9 Shinplasters Shinplasters NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9479 104 10 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9479 104 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 105 1 Federal Federal NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 105 2 Reserve Reserve NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 105 3 Bank Bank NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 105 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 105 5 Minneapolis Minneapolis NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 105 6 Quarterly Quarterly NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 105 7 Review Review NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 105 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 106 1 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 106 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 106 3 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 106 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 106 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 107 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 107 2 17 17 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 107 3 February February NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 107 4 2021 2021 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 107 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 108 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 108 2 Dunbar Dunbar NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 108 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 108 4 William William NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 108 5 F. F. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 108 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 108 7 1995 1995 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 108 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 108 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 109 1 Michigan Michigan NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 109 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9479 109 3 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 109 4 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 109 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 109 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 109 7 Wolverine Wolverine NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 109 8 State State NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 109 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 110 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 110 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-9479 110 3 223 223 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 110 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 111 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 111 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 111 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 111 4 Utley Utley NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 111 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 111 6 H. H. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 111 7 M. M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 111 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 111 9 1884 1884 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 111 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 111 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 111 12 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9479 111 13 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 111 14 Wild Wild NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 111 15 Cat Cat NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 111 16 Banking Banking NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 111 17 System System NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 111 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 111 19 Michigan Michigan NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 111 20 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9479 111 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 111 22 Pioneer Pioneer NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 111 23 Collections Collections NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9479 111 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 111 25 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 111 26 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 111 27 Sumner Sumner NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 111 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 111 29 William William NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 111 30 Graham Graham NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 111 31 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 111 32 1896 1896 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 111 33 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 111 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 112 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 112 2 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 112 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 112 4 Banking banking NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 112 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 112 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 112 7 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 112 8 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 112 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 113 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 113 2 Catskill Catskill NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 113 3 Bank Bank NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 113 4 $ $ $ en-wikipedia-org-9479 113 5 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 113 6 Contemporary Contemporary NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 113 7 Counterfeit Counterfeit NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 113 8 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 113 9 White White NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 113 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 113 11 Horace Horace NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 113 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 113 13 1895 1895 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 113 14 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 113 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 114 1 Money money NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 114 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 114 3 Banking banking NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 114 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 115 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 115 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-9479 115 3 372 372 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 115 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 116 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 116 2 Cleveland Cleveland NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 116 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 116 4 Frederick Frederick NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 116 5 Albert Albert NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 116 6 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9479 116 7 Powell Powell NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 116 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 116 9 Fred Fred NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 116 10 Wilbur Wilbur NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 116 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 116 12 1909 1909 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 116 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 116 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 117 1 Railroad Railroad NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 117 2 Promotion Promotion NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 117 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 117 4 Capitalization Capitalization NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 117 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 117 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 117 7 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 117 8 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 117 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 118 1 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 118 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 119 1 167–176 167–176 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 119 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 120 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 120 2 Jones Jones NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 120 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 120 4 Robert Robert NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 120 5 C. C. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 120 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 120 7 2017 2017 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 120 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 120 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 121 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 121 2 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 121 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 121 4 Georgia Georgia NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 121 5 Railroads Railroads NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 121 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 122 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-9479 122 2 Knox Knox NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 122 3 1900 1900 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 122 4 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-9479 122 5 Knox Knox NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 122 6 1900 1900 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 122 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 122 8 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 122 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 123 1 702–703 702–703 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 123 2 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-9479 123 3 Knox Knox NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 123 4 1900 1900 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 123 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 123 6 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 123 7   _SP en-wikipedia-org-9479 123 8 714 714 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 123 9 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 123 10 Knox Knox NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 123 11 1900 1900 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 123 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 123 13 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 123 14   _SP en-wikipedia-org-9479 123 15 807 807 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 123 16 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-9479 123 17 Knox Knox NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 123 18 1900 1900 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 123 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 123 20 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 123 21   _SP en-wikipedia-org-9479 123 22 810 810 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 123 23 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 123 24 Conway Conway NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 123 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 123 26 Thomas Thomas NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 123 27 Jr. Jr. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 123 28 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9479 123 29 Patterson Patterson NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 123 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 123 31 Ernest Ernest NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 123 32 M. M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 123 33 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 123 34 1914 1914 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 123 35 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 123 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 124 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 124 2 Operation Operation NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 124 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 124 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 124 5 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 124 6 Bank Bank NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 124 7 Act Act NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 124 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 125 1 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 125 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 126 1 1–15 1–15 ADD en-wikipedia-org-9479 126 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 127 1 References[edit references[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-9479 127 2 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 127 3 Knox Knox NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 127 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 127 5 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 127 6 Jay Jay NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 127 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 127 8 1900 1900 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 127 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 127 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 128 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 128 2 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 128 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 128 4 Banking banking NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 128 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 128 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 128 7 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 128 8 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 128 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 129 1 McMaster McMaster NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 129 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 129 3 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 129 4 Bach Bach NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 129 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 129 6 1916 1916 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 129 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 129 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 130 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 130 2 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 130 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 130 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 130 5 People People NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 130 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 130 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 130 8 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 130 9 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 130 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 131 1 4 4 LS en-wikipedia-org-9479 131 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 132 1 Further further JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 132 2 reading[edit reading[edit NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 132 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 132 4 Allen Allen NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 132 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 132 6 Larry Larry NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 132 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 132 8 2009 2009 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 132 9 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 132 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 133 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 133 2 Encyclopedia Encyclopedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 133 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 133 4 Money Money NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 133 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 133 6 2nd 2nd JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 133 7   _SP en-wikipedia-org-9479 133 8 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 133 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 133 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 133 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 134 1 Santa Santa NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 134 2 Barbara Barbara NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 134 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 134 4 CA CA NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 134 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9479 134 6 ABC ABC NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 134 7 - 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Inc. 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233 – – : en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 234 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 235 Half half JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 236 dime dime NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 237 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 238 1792–1873 1792–1873 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 239 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 240 1792 1792 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 241 half half NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 242 disme disme NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 243 Half half JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 244 cent cent NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 245 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 246 1793–1857 1793–1857 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 247 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 248 Large large JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 249 cent cent NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 250 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 251 1793–1857 1793–1857 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 252 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 253 Treasury Treasury NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 254 Note Note NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 255 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 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143 321 Coinage Coinage NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 322 Act Act NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 323 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 324 1849 1849 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 325 Three three CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 326 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 327 cent cent NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 328 silver silver NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 329 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 330 1851–1873 1851–1873 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 331 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 332 Coinage Coinage NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 333 Act Act NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 334 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 335 1853 1853 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 336 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 337 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 338 Clearing Clearing NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 339 House House NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 340 Association Association NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 341 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 342 1853–1863 1853–1863 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 343 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 344 Coinage Coinage NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 345 Act Act NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 346 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 347 1857 1857 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 348 State State NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 349 Bank Bank NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 350 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 351 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 352 Russian Russian NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 353 Empire Empire NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 354 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 355 1860–1867 1860–1867 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 356 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 357 Demand demand NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 358 Note note NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 359 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 360 1861–1862 1861–1862 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 361 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 362 Legal Legal NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 363 Tender Tender NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 364 Act Act NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 365 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 366 1862 1862 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 367 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 368 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 369 Note Note NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 370 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 371 1862–1971 1862–1971 LS en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 372 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 373 Fractional fractional JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 374 currency currency NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 375 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 376 1862–1876 1862–1876 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 377 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 378 National National NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 379 Bank Bank NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 380 Acts Acts NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 381 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 382 1863 1863 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 383 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 384 1864 1864 LS en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 385 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 386 Interest interest NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 387 bearing bearing NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 388 note note NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 389 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 390 1863–1865 1863–1865 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 391 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 392 National National NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 393 Banks Banks NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 394 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 395 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 396 1863–1913 1863–1913 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 397 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 398 National National NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 399 Bank Bank NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 400 Note Note NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 401 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 402 1863–c 1863–c CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 143 403 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 1 1930 1930 LS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 2 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 3 Gold gold NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 4 certificate certificate NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 6 1863–1933 1863–1933 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 8 Compound Compound NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 9 interest interest NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 10 treasury treasury NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 11 note note NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 13 1863–1864 1863–1864 LS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 14 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 15 Coinage Coinage NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 16 Act Act NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 18 1864 1864 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 19 Two two CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 20 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 21 cent cent NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 22 piece piece NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 23 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 24 1864–1873 1864–1873 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 25 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 26 Three three CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 27 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 28 cent cent NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 29 nickel nickel NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 30 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 31 1865–1889 1865–1889 LS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 32 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 33 Contraction Contraction NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 34 Act Act NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 35 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 36 1866 1866 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 37 Public Public NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 38 Credit Credit NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 39 Act Act NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 40 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 41 1869 1869 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 42 1870–1914 1870–1914 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 43 Legal Legal NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 44 Tender Tender NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 45 Cases Cases NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 46 Hepburn Hepburn NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 47 v. v. IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 48 Griswold Griswold NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 49 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 50 1870 1870 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 51 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 52 Currency Currency NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 53 Act Act NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 54 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 55 1870 1870 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 56 National National NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 57 Gold Gold NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 58 Bank Bank NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 59 Note Note NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 60 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 61 1870–1875 1870–1875 LS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 62 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 63 Knox Knox NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 64 v. v. IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 65 Lee Lee NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 66 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 67 1871 1871 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 68 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 69 Coinage Coinage NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 70 Act Act NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 71 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 72 1873 1873 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 73 Specie Specie NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 74 Payment Payment NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 75 Resumption Resumption NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 76 Act Act NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 77 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 78 1875 1875 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 79 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 80 Twenty twenty CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 81 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 82 cent cent NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 83 piece piece NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 84 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 85 1875–1878 1875–1878 LS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 86 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 87 Bland Bland NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 88 – – : en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 89 Allison Allison NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 90 Act Act NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 91 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 92 1878 1878 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 93 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 94 Silver silver NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 95 certificate certificate NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 96 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 97 1878–1964 1878–1964 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 98 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 99 Refunding Refunding NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 100 Certificate Certificate NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 101 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 102 1879–1907 1879–1907 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 103 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 104 Juilliard Juilliard NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 105 v. v. IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 106 Greenman Greenman NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 107 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 108 1884 1884 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 109 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 110 Reichsbank Reichsbank NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 111 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 112 1884–1919 1884–1919 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 113 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 114 Sherman Sherman NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 115 Silver Silver NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 116 Purchase Purchase NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 117 Act Act NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 118 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 119 1890 1890 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 120 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 121 Treasury Treasury NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 122 Note Note NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 123 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 124 1890–1891 1890–1891 LS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 125 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 126 Gold Gold NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 127 Standard Standard NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 128 Act Act NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 129 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 130 1900 1900 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 131 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 132 Aldrich Aldrich NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 133 – – : en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 134 Vreeland Vreeland NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 135 Act Act NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 136 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 137 1908 1908 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 138 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 139 Federal Federal NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 140 Reserve Reserve NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 141 Act Act NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 142 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 143 1913 1913 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 144 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 145 v v NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 146 t t NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 147 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 148 Bank Bank NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 149 regulation regulation NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 150 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 151 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 152 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 153 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 154 Federal Federal NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 155 authorities authority NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 156 Consumer Consumer NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 157 Financial Financial NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 158 Protection Protection NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 159 Bureau Bureau NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 160 Farm Farm NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 161 Credit Credit NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 162 Administration Administration NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 163 Federal Federal NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 164 Deposit Deposit NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 165 Insurance Insurance NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 166 Corporation Corporation NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 167 Federal Federal NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 168 Financial Financial NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 169 Institutions Institutions NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 170 Examination Examination NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 171 Council Council NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 172 Federal Federal NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 173 Housing Housing NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 174 Finance Finance NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 175 Agency Agency NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 176 Federal Federal NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 177 Reserve Reserve NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 178 Board Board NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 179 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 180 Governors Governors NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 181 Financial Financial NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 182 Stability Stability NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 183 Oversight Oversight NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 184 Council Council NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 185 National National NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 186 Credit Credit NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 187 Union Union NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 188 Administration Administration NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 189 Office Office NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 190 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 191 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 192 Comptroller Comptroller NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 193 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 194 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 195 Currency Currency NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 196 Major Major NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 197 federal federal JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 198 legislation legislation NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 199 Independent Independent NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 200 Treasury Treasury NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 201 Act Act NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 202 National National NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 203 Bank Bank NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 204 Act Act NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 205 Federal Federal NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 206 Reserve Reserve NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 207 Act Act NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 208 McFadden McFadden NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 209 Act Act NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 210 1933 1933 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 211 Banking Banking NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 212 Act Act NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 213 Glass Glass NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 214 – – : en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 215 Steagall Steagall NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 216 Act Act NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 217 Federal Federal NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 218 Credit Credit NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 219 Union Union NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 220 Act Act NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 221 Bank Bank NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 222 Holding Holding NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 223 Company Company NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 224 Act Act NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 225 Interest Interest NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 226 Rate Rate NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 227 Control Control NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 228 Act Act NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 229 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 230 1966 1966 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 231 Truth Truth NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 232 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 233 Lending Lending NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 234 Act Act NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 235 Bank Bank NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 236 Secrecy Secrecy NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 237 Act Act NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 238 Fair Fair NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 239 Credit Credit NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 240 Reporting Reporting NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 241 Act Act NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 242 Home Home NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 243 Mortgage Mortgage NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 244 Disclosure Disclosure NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 245 Act Act NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 246 Community Community NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 247 Reinvestment Reinvestment NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 248 Act Act NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 249 Electronic Electronic NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 250 Fund Fund NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 251 Transfer Transfer NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 252 Act Act NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 253 Financial Financial NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 254 Institutions Institutions NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 255 Regulatory Regulatory NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 256 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 257 Interest Interest NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 258 Rate Rate NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 259 Control Control NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 260 Act Act NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 261 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 262 1978 1978 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 263 Monetary Monetary NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 264 Control Control NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 265 Act Act NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 266 Depository Depository NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 267 Institutions Institutions NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 268 Act Act NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 269 Competitive Competitive NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 270 Equality Equality NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 271 Banking Banking NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 272 Act Act NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 273 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 274 1987 1987 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 275 FIRREA FIRREA NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 276 FDICIA FDICIA NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 277 Truth Truth NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 278 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 279 Savings Savings NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 280 Act Act NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 281 Riegle Riegle NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 282 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 283 Neal Neal NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 284 IBBEA IBBEA NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 285 Gramm Gramm NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 286 – – : en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 287 Leach Leach NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 288 – – : en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 289 Bliley Bliley NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 290 Act Act NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 291 Fair Fair NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 292 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 293 Accurate Accurate NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 294 Credit Credit NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 295 Transactions Transactions NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 296 Act Act NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 297 Emergency Emergency NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 298 Economic Economic NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 299 Stabilization Stabilization NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 300 Act Act NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 301 Credit Credit NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 302 CARD CARD NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 303 Act Act NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 304 Dodd Dodd NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 305 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 306 Frank Frank NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 307 Federal Federal NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 308 Reserve Reserve NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 309 Board Board NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 310 regulations regulation NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 311 Extensions Extensions NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 312 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 313 Credit Credit NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 314 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 315 Federal Federal NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 316 Reserve Reserve NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 317 Banks Banks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 318 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 319 Reg Reg NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 320 A a NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 321 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 322 Equal equal JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 323 Credit credit NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 324 Opportunity opportunity NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 325 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 326 Reg Reg NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 327 B B NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 328 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 329 Home Home NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 330 Mortgage Mortgage NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 331 Disclosure disclosure NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 332 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 333 Reg Reg NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 334 C C NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 335 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 336 Reserve Reserve NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 337 Requirements Requirements NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 338 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 339 Depository Depository NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 340 Institutions Institutions NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 341 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 342 Reg reg NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 343 D d NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 344 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 345 Electronic Electronic NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 346 Fund Fund NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 347 Transfer Transfer NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 348 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 349 Reg reg NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 350 E e NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 351 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 352 Limitations limitation NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 353 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 354 Interbank Interbank NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 355 Liabilities Liabilities NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 356 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 357 Reg Reg NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 358 F F NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 359 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 360 International International NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 361 Banking Banking NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 362 Operations Operations NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 363 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 364 Reg Reg NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 365 K K NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 366 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 367 Consumer Consumer NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 368 Leasing leasing NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 369 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 370 Reg Reg NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 371 M M NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 372 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 373 Loans loan NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 374 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 375 Insiders insider NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 376 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 377 Reg reg NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 378 O o NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 379 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 380 Privacy Privacy NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 381 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 382 Consumer Consumer NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 383 Financial Financial NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 384 Information Information NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 385 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 386 Reg Reg NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 387 P p NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 388 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 389 Prohibition Prohibition NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 390 Against against IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 391 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 392 Paying pay VBG en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 393 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 394 Interest interest NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 395 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 396 Demand demand NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 397 Deposits deposit NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 398 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 399 Reg Reg NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 400 Q q NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 401 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 402 Credit credit NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 403 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 404 Brokers Brokers NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 405 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 406 Dealers Dealers NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 407 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 408 Reg Reg NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 409 T t NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 410 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 411 Credit credit NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 412 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 413 Banks Banks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 414 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 415 Persons Persons NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 416 Other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 417 Than than IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 418 Brokers broker NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 419 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 420 Dealers Dealers NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 421 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 422 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 423 Purpose Purpose NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 424 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 425 Purchasing Purchasing NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 426 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 427 Carrying Carrying NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 428 Margin Margin NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 429 Stock stock NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 430 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 431 Reg Reg NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 432 U u NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 433 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 434 Transactions transaction NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 435 Between between IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 436 Member Member NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 437 Banks Banks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 438 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 439 Their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 440 Affiliates affiliate NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 441 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 442 Reg Reg NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 443 W W NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 444 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 445 Borrowers Borrowers NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 446 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 447 Securities Securities NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 448 Credit Credit NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 449 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 450 Reg Reg NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 451 X X NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 452 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 453 Truth truth NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 454 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 455 Lending Lending NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 456 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 457 Reg Reg NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 458 Z Z NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 459 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 460 Unfair unfair JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 461 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 462 Deceptive deceptive JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 463 Acts Acts NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 464 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 465 Practices Practices NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 466 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 467 Reg Reg NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 468 AA AA NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 469 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 470 Community Community NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 471 Reinvestment Reinvestment NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 472 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 473 Reg Reg NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 474 BB BB NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 475 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 476 Availability Availability NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 477 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 478 Funds Funds NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 479 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 480 Collection Collection NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 481 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 482 Checks Checks NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 483 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 484 Reg Reg NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 485 CC CC NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 486 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 487 Truth Truth NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 488 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 489 Savings Savings NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 490 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 491 Reg Reg NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 492 DD DD NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 493 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 494 Types type NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 495 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 496 bank bank NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 497 charter charter NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 498 Credit Credit NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 499 union union NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 500 Federal Federal NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 501 savings saving NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 502 association association NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 503 National National NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 504 bank bank NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 505 State State NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 506 bank bank NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 507 State State NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 508 authorities authority NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 509 California California NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 510 Colorado Colorado NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 511 Florida Florida NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 512 Illinois Illinois NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 513 Maryland Maryland NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 514 Michigan Michigan NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 515 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 516 Jersey Jersey NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 517 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 518 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 519 Ohio Ohio NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 520 Oklahoma Oklahoma NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 521 Oregon Oregon NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 522 Pennsylvania Pennsylvania NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 523 Tennessee Tennessee NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 524 Virginia Virginia NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 525 Terms Terms NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 526 Call call VBP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 527 report report NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 528 CAEL CAEL NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 529 Rating Rating NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 530 CAMELS CAMELS NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 531 rating rating NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 532 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 533 Thrift Thrift NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 534 Financial Financial NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 535 Report Report NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 536 Other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 537 topics topic NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 538 Banking bank VBG en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 539 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 540 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 541 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 542 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 543 Fair Fair NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 544 debt debt NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 545 collection collection NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 546 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 547 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 548 central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 549 banking banking NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 550 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 551 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 552 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 553 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 554 Wildcat Wildcat NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 555 banking bank VBG en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 556 Category category NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 557 Economics Economics NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 558 portal portal JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 559 Banks Banks NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 560 portal portal JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 561 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 562 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 563 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 564 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wildcat_banking&oldid=1038664999 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wildcat_banking&oldid=1038664999 NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 565 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 566 Categories Categories NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 567 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 568 Bank bank NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 569 regulation regulation NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 570 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 571 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 572 United United NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 573 States States NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 574 Hidden Hidden NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 575 categories category NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 576 : : : en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 577 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 578 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 579 short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 580 description description NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 581 Short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 582 description description NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 583 matches match VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 584 Wikidata Wikidata NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 585 Use Use NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 586 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 587 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 588 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 589 March March NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 590 2019 2019 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 591 All all DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 592 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 593 articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 594 written write VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 595 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 596 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 597 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 598 Use Use NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 599 dmy dmy NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 600 dates date NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 601 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 602 April April NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 603 2017 2017 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 604 All all DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 605 articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 606 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 607 unsourced unsourced JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 608 statements statement NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 609 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 610 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 611 unsourced unsourced JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 612 statements statement NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 613 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 614 March March NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 615 2021 2021 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 616 Navigation Navigation NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 617 menu menu NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 618 Personal personal JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 619 tools tool NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 620 Not not RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 621 logged log VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 622 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 623 Talk Talk NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 624 Contributions Contributions NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 625 Create Create NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 626 account account NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 627 Log Log NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 628 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 629 Namespaces Namespaces NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 630 Article Article NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 631 Talk talk NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 632 Variants variant VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 633 Views view NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 634 Read read VBP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 635 Edit edit NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 636 View View NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 637 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 638 More More JJR en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 639 Search Search NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 640 Navigation Navigation NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 641 Main Main NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 642 page page NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 643 Contents content VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 644 Current current JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 645 events event NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 646 Random random JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 647 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 648 About about IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 649 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 650 Contact Contact NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 651 us -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 652 Donate Donate NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 653 Contribute contribute NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 654 Help help NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 655 Learn learn VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 656 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 657 edit edit VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 658 Community community NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 659 portal portal JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 660 Recent recent JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 661 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en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 683 Print print NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 684 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 685 export export NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 686 Download Download NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 687 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 688 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 689 Printable Printable NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 690 version version NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 691 Languages Languages NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 692 Svenska Svenska NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 693 Edit Edit NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 694 links link NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 695 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 696 page page NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 697 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 698 last last RB en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 699 edited edit VBN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 700 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 701 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 702 August August NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 703 2021 2021 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 704 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 705 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 706 23:26 23:26 CD en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 707   _SP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 708 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 709 UTC UTC NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 710 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-9479 144 711 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 145 1 Text text NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 145 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9479 145 3 available available JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 145 4 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 145 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 145 6 Creative Creative NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 145 7 Commons Commons NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 145 8 Attribution Attribution NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 145 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-9479 145 10 ShareAlike ShareAlike NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 145 11 License License NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 145 12 ; ; , en-wikipedia-org-9479 145 13 additional additional JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 145 14 terms term NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 145 15 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-9479 145 16 apply apply VB en-wikipedia-org-9479 145 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 146 1 By by IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 146 2 using use VBG en-wikipedia-org-9479 146 3 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 146 4 site site NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 146 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 146 6 you -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-9479 146 7 agree agree VBP en-wikipedia-org-9479 146 8 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 146 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 146 10 Terms term NNS en-wikipedia-org-9479 146 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 146 12 Use Use NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 146 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-9479 146 14 Privacy Privacy NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 146 15 Policy Policy NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 146 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 147 1 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 147 2 ® ® NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9479 147 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-9479 147 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 147 5 registered registered JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 147 6 trademark trademark NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 147 7 of of IN 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Inc. NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 147 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-9479 147 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-9479 147 15 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 147 16 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 147 17 profit profit JJ en-wikipedia-org-9479 147 18 organization organization NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 147 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-9479 148 1 Privacy privacy NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 148 2 policy policy NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 148 3 About about IN en-wikipedia-org-9479 148 4 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 148 5 Disclaimers Disclaimers NNPS en-wikipedia-org-9479 148 6 Contact Contact NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 148 7 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 148 8 Mobile Mobile NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 148 9 view view NN en-wikipedia-org-9479 148 10 Developers Developers NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 148 11 Statistics Statistics NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 148 12 Cookie Cookie NNP en-wikipedia-org-9479 148 13 statement statement NN