id sid tid token lemma pos en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 1 Algorand Algorand NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 3 cryptocurrency cryptocurrency NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 4 platform platform NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 5 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 6 - - : en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 7 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 8 Algorand Algorand NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 10 cryptocurrency cryptocurrency NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 11 platform platform NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 13 From from IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 14 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 17 free free JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 18 encyclopedia encyclopedia NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 19 Jump Jump NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 20 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 21 navigation navigation NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 22 Jump Jump NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 23 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 24 search search VB en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 25 Cryptocurrency Cryptocurrency NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 26 Algorand Algorand NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 27 Code Code NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 28 ALGO ALGO NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 29 Development Development NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 30 Original Original NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 31 author(s author(s NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 32 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 33 Silvio Silvio NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 34 Micali Micali NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 35 White white JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 36 paper paper NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 37 https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.01341 https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.01341 NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 38 Initial Initial NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 39 release release NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 40 April April NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 41 2019 2019 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 42 Code Code NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 43 repository repository NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 44 https://github.com/algorand https://github.com/algorand NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 45 Development development NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 46 status status NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 47 Active Active NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 48 Written Written NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 49 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 50 Go Go NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 51 Developer(s developer(s NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 52 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 53 Algorand Algorand NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 54 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 55 Inc. Inc. NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 56 Website website NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 57 https://www.algorand.com/ https://www.algorand.com/ NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 58 Ledger Ledger NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 59 Ledger Ledger NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 60 start start VBP en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 61 June June NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 62 2019 2019 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 63 Block Block NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 64 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 65 4.5 4.5 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 66 sec sec NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 67 Block Block NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 68 explorer explorer NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 69 https://algoexplorer.io/ https://algoexplorer.io/ NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 70 Circulating circulate VBG en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 71 supply supply NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 72 5,567,579,354.09 5,567,579,354.09 NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 73 Algo Algo NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 74 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 75 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 76 21st 21st NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 77 Jun Jun NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 78 2021 2021 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 79 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 80 Supply supply NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 81 limit limit NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 82 10,000,000,000 10,000,000,000 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 83 Algo Algo NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 84 Algorand Algorand NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 85 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 86 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 87 blockchain blockchain RB en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 88 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 89 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 90 cryptocurrency cryptocurrency NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 91 platform platform NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 92 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 93 aims aim VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 94 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 95 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 96 secure secure JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 97 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 98 scalable scalable JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 99 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 100 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 101 decentralized decentralize VBD en-wikipedia-org-8986 1 102 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 2 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 2 2 1 1 LS en-wikipedia-org-8986 2 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 2 4 The The NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 2 5 Algorand Algorand NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 2 6 platform platform NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 2 7 supports support VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 2 8 smart smart JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 2 9 contract contract NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 2 10 functionality,[2 functionality,[2 NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 2 11 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 2 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8986 2 13 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-8986 2 14 consensus consensus NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 2 15 algorithm algorithm NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 2 16 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 2 17 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 2 18 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 2 19 proof proof NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 2 20 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 2 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 2 22 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 2 23 stake stake NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 2 24 principles principle NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 2 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8986 2 26 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 2 27 Byzantine Byzantine NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 2 28 Agreement Agreement NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 2 29 protocol protocol NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 2 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 3 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 3 2 1][3][4 1][3][4 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 3 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 3 4 Algorand Algorand NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 3 5 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-8986 3 6 native native JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 3 7 cryptocurrency cryptocurrency NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 3 8 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 3 9 called call VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 3 10 Algo Algo NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 3 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 4 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 4 2 2 2 LS en-wikipedia-org-8986 4 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 4 4 Contents content NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 4 5 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 4 6 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 4 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8986 4 8 development development NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 4 9 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 4 10 Design Design NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 4 11 2.1 2.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 4 12 Consensus Consensus NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 4 13 algorithm algorithm VBP en-wikipedia-org-8986 4 14 2.2 2.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 4 15 Smart smart JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 4 16 contracts contract NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 4 17 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 4 18 Use Use NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 4 19 cases case NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 4 20 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 4 21 References reference NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 4 22 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 4 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8986 4 24 development[edit development[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-8986 4 25 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 4 26 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 4 27 development development NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 4 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 4 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 4 30 Algorand Algorand NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 4 31 platform platform NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 4 32 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 4 33 overseen oversee VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 4 34 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 4 35 Algorand Algorand NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 4 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 4 37 Inc. Inc. NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 4 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 4 39 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 4 40 private private JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 4 41 corporation corporation NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 4 42 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 4 43 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 4 44 Boston Boston NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 4 45 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 5 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8986 5 2 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8986 5 3 founded found VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 5 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 5 5 2017 2017 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 5 6 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 5 7 Silvio Silvio NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 5 8 Micali Micali NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 5 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 5 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 5 11 professor professor NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 5 12 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 5 13 MIT MIT NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 5 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 6 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 6 2 5][6 5][6 VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 6 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 6 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 6 5 Algorand Algorand NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 6 6 test test NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 6 7 network network NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 6 8 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8986 6 9 launched launch VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 6 10 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 6 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 6 12 public public NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 6 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 6 14 April April NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 6 15 2019,[7 2019,[7 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 6 16 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 6 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8986 6 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 6 19 main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 6 20 network network NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 6 21 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8986 6 22 launched launch VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 6 23 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 6 24 June June NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 6 25 2019 2019 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 6 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 7 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 7 2 8 8 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 7 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 7 4 Design[edit design[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 7 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 7 6 Consensus Consensus NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 7 7 algorithm[edit algorithm[edit NFP en-wikipedia-org-8986 7 8 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 7 9 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 7 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 7 11 Algorand Algorand NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 7 12 network network NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 7 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 7 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 7 15 consensus consensus NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 7 16 algorithm algorithm NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 7 17 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 7 18 permissionless permissionless NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 7 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 7 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8986 7 21 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 7 22 users user NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 7 23 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-8986 7 24 hold hold VBP en-wikipedia-org-8986 7 25 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 7 26 Algo algo JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 7 27 balance balance NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 7 28 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-8986 7 29 participate participate VB en-wikipedia-org-8986 7 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 8 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 8 2 consensus consensus NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 8 3 algorithm algorithm NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 8 4 works work VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 8 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 8 6 rounds round NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 8 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 8 8 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 8 9 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 8 10 round round NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 8 11 made make VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 8 12 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-8986 8 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 8 14 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 8 15 phases phase NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 8 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 9 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 9 2 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 9 3 phase phase NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 9 4 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 9 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 9 6 block block NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 9 7 proposal proposal NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 9 8 phase phase NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 9 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 9 10 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 9 11 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-8986 9 12 blocks block NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 9 13 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-8986 9 14 proposed propose VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 9 15 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 9 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 9 17 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 9 18 block block NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 9 19 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-8986 9 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 9 21 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 9 22 phase phase NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 9 23 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 9 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 9 25 block block NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 9 26 finalization finalization NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 9 27 phase phase NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 9 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 9 29 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 9 30 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-8986 9 31 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 9 32 vote vote NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 9 33 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 9 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 9 35 proposed propose VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 9 36 blocks block NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 9 37 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 9 38 taken take VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 9 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 10 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 10 2 1 1 LS en-wikipedia-org-8986 10 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 10 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 10 5 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 10 6 phase phase NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 10 7 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 10 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 10 9 block block NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 10 10 proposal proposal NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 10 11 phase phase NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 10 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 10 13 uses use VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 10 14 proof proof NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 10 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 10 16 stake stake NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 10 17 principles principle NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 10 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 11 1 During during IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 11 2 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 11 3 phase phase NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 11 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 11 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 11 6 committee committee NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 11 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 11 8 users user NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 11 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 11 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 11 11 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 11 12 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 11 13 selected select VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 11 14 randomly randomly RB en-wikipedia-org-8986 11 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 11 16 though though IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 11 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 11 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 11 19 manner manner NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 11 20 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-8986 11 21 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 11 22 weighted weight VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 11 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 11 24 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-8986 11 25 propose propose VB en-wikipedia-org-8986 11 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 11 27 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 11 28 block block NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 11 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 2 selection selection NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 5 committee committee NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 6 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 7 done do VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 8 via via IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 10 process process NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 11 called call VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 12 “ " `` en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 13 cryptographic cryptographic JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 14 sortition sortition NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 16 ” " '' en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 17 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 18 cryptographic cryptographic JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 19 sortition sortition NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 21 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 22 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 23 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 24 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 25 central central JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 26 authority authority NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 27 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 28 designates designate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 29 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 31 members member NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 32 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 34 committee committee NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 35 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 36 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 37 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 38 communicates communicate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 39 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 40 information information NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 41 across across IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 42 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 43 network network NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 44 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 45 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 46 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 47 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 48 user user NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 49 determines determine VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 50 whether whether IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 51 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 52 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 53 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 54 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 55 committee committee NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 56 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 57 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 58 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 59 locally locally RB en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 60 executing execute VBG en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 61 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 62 Verifiable Verifiable NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 63 Random Random NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 64 Function Function NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 65 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 66 VRF VRF NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 67 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 12 68 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 13 1 If if IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 13 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 13 3 VRF VRF NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 13 4 indicates indicate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 13 5 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 13 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 13 7 user user NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 13 8 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 13 9 chosen choose VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 13 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 13 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 13 12 VRF VRF NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 13 13 returns return VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 13 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 13 15 cryptographic cryptographic JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 13 16 proof proof NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 13 17 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-8986 13 18 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-8986 13 19 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-8986 13 20 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 13 21 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-8986 13 22 verify verify VB en-wikipedia-org-8986 13 23 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 13 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 13 25 user user NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 13 26 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 13 27 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 13 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 13 29 committee committee NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 13 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 14 1 Only only RB en-wikipedia-org-8986 14 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 14 3 given give VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 14 4 user user NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 14 5 knows know VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 14 6 whether whether IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 14 7 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8986 14 8 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-8986 14 9 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 14 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 14 11 committee committee NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 14 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 14 13 unless unless IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 14 14 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-8986 14 15 until until IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 14 16 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8986 14 17 send send VBP en-wikipedia-org-8986 14 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 14 19 message message NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 14 20 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 14 21 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 14 22 users user NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 14 23 indicating indicate VBG en-wikipedia-org-8986 14 24 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 14 25 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8986 14 26 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-8986 14 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 15 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 15 2 likelihood likelihood NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 15 3 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 15 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 15 5 given give VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 15 6 user user NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 15 7 will will MD en-wikipedia-org-8986 15 8 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-8986 15 9 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 15 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 15 11 committee committee NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 15 12 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 15 13 influenced influence VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 15 14 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 15 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 15 16 “ " `` en-wikipedia-org-8986 15 17 stake stake NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 15 18 ” " '' en-wikipedia-org-8986 15 19 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 15 20 i.e. i.e. FW en-wikipedia-org-8986 15 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 15 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 15 23 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 15 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 15 25 Algo Algo NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 15 26 tokens token NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 15 27 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 15 28 held hold VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 15 29 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 15 30 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 15 31 user user NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 15 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 15 33 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 15 34 proportion proportion NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 15 35 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 15 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 15 37 size size NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 15 38 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 15 39 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 15 40 user user NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 15 41 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-8986 15 42 stake stake NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 15 43 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 16 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 16 2 1][3][4 1][3][4 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 16 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 16 4 After after IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 16 5 determining determine VBG en-wikipedia-org-8986 16 6 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 16 7 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8986 16 8 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-8986 16 9 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 16 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 16 11 block block NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 16 12 selection selection NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 16 13 committee committee NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 16 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 16 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 16 16 user user NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 16 17 builds build VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 16 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 16 19 proposed propose VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 16 20 block block NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 16 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8986 16 22 disseminates disseminate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 16 23 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8986 16 24 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 16 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 16 26 network network NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 16 27 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 16 28 review review NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 16 29 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-8986 16 30 analysis analysis NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 16 31 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 16 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 16 33 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 16 34 phase phase NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 16 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 17 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 17 2 user user NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 17 3 includes include VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 17 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 17 5 cryptographic cryptographic JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 17 6 proof proof NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 17 7 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 17 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 17 9 VRF VRF NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 17 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 17 11 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-8986 17 12 proposed propose VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 17 13 block block NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 17 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 17 15 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-8986 17 16 demonstrates demonstrate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 17 17 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 17 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 17 19 user user NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 17 20 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8986 17 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 17 22 fact fact NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 17 23 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 17 24 eligible eligible JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 17 25 committee committee NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 17 26 member member NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 17 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 18 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 18 2 3][4 3][4 NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 18 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 18 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 18 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 18 6 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 18 7 phase phase NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 18 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 18 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 18 10 block block NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 18 11 finalization finalization NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 18 12 phase phase NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 18 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 18 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 18 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 18 16 Byzantine Byzantine NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 18 17 Agreement Agreement NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 18 18 protocol protocol NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 18 19 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 18 20 called call VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 18 21 “ " `` en-wikipedia-org-8986 18 22 BA⋆ BA⋆ NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 18 23 ” " '' en-wikipedia-org-8986 18 24 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 18 25 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 18 26 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 18 27 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-8986 18 28 vote vote VB en-wikipedia-org-8986 18 29 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 18 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 18 31 proposed propose VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 18 32 blocks block NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 18 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 2 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 3 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 4 phase phase NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 6 cryptographic cryptographic JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 7 sortition sortition NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 8 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 9 described describe VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 10 above above RB en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 11 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 12 again again RB en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 13 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 15 determine determine VB en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 16 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 17 committee committee NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 18 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 19 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 20 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 21 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 22 phase phase NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 23 voting voting NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 24 committee committee NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 25 will will MD en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 26 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 27 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 28 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 30 committee committee NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 31 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 33 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 34 phase phase NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 36 though though IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 37 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 38 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 39 possible possible JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 40 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 41 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 42 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 43 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 44 overlap overlap NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 45 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 46 membership membership NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 47 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 48 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 49 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 50 committees committee NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 19 51 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 1 When when WRB en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 2 users user NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 3 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 4 determined determine VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 5 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 6 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 7 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 9 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 10 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 11 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 12 phase phase NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 13 voting voting NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 14 committee committee NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 16 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 17 analyze analyze VBP en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 19 proposed propose VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 20 blocks block NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 21 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 22 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 23 received receive VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 24 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 25 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 26 will will MD en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 27 include include VB en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 28 verifying verify VBG en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 29 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 30 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 31 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 32 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 33 fact fact NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 34 proposed propose VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 35 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 36 users user NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 37 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 38 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 39 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 40 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 41 phase phase NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 42 committee committee NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 43 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 44 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 45 vote vote VB en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 46 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 47 whether whether IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 48 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 49 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 50 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 51 blocks block NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 52 should should MD en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 53 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 54 adopted adopt VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 55 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 56 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-8986 20 57 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 21 1 If if IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 21 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 21 3 voting voting NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 21 4 committee committee NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 21 5 achieves achieve VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 21 6 consensus consensus NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 21 7 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 21 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 21 9 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 21 10 block block NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 21 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 21 12 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-8986 21 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 21 14 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 21 15 block block NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 21 16 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 21 17 disseminated disseminate VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 21 18 across across IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 21 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 21 20 network network NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 21 21 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 21 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 21 23 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 21 24 block block NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 21 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 22 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 22 2 1][3][4 1][3][4 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 22 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 22 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 22 5 Algorand Algorand NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 22 6 consensus consensus NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 22 7 algorithm algorithm NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 22 8 possess possess VBP en-wikipedia-org-8986 22 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 22 10 characteristic characteristic NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 22 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 22 12 “ " `` en-wikipedia-org-8986 22 13 player player NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 22 14 replaceability replaceability NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 22 15 ” " '' en-wikipedia-org-8986 22 16 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-8986 22 17 i.e. i.e. FW en-wikipedia-org-8986 22 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 22 19 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 22 20 noted note VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 22 21 above above IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 22 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 22 23 membership membership NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 22 24 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 22 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 22 26 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 22 27 committees committee NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 22 28 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 22 29 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 22 30 both both CC en-wikipedia-org-8986 22 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 22 32 block block NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 22 33 proposal proposal NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 22 34 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8986 22 35 block block NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 22 36 finalization finalization NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 22 37 phase phase NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 22 38 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 22 39 changes change VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 22 40 every every DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 22 41 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 22 42 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 22 43 phase phase NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 22 44 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 22 45 run run VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 22 46 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 23 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 23 2 protects protect VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 23 3 users user NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 23 4 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 23 5 targeted targeted JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 23 6 attacks attack NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 23 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 23 8 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 23 9 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 23 10 attacker attacker NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 23 11 will will MD en-wikipedia-org-8986 23 12 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-8986 23 13 know know VB en-wikipedia-org-8986 23 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 23 15 advance advance NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 23 16 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-8986 23 17 users user NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 23 18 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-8986 23 19 going go VBG en-wikipedia-org-8986 23 20 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-8986 23 21 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-8986 23 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 23 23 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 23 24 committee committee NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 23 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 24 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 24 2 1 1 LS en-wikipedia-org-8986 24 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 24 4 Algorand Algorand NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 24 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 24 6 resilient resilient JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 24 7 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 24 8 arbitrary arbitrary JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 24 9 partitions partition NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 24 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 24 11 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-8986 24 12 known know VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 24 13 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 24 14 asynchronous asynchronous JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 24 15 safety safety NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 24 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 25 1 Two two CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 25 2 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 25 3 blocks block NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 25 4 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-8986 25 5 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-8986 25 6 reach reach VB en-wikipedia-org-8986 25 7 consensus consensus NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 25 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 25 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 25 10 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 25 11 round round NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 25 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 25 13 i.e. i.e. FW en-wikipedia-org-8986 26 1 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8986 26 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 26 3 mathematically mathematically RB en-wikipedia-org-8986 26 4 guaranteed guarantee VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 26 5 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 26 6 Algorand Algorand NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 26 7 will will MD en-wikipedia-org-8986 26 8 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-8986 26 9 fork fork VB en-wikipedia-org-8986 26 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 27 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 27 2 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 27 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 27 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 27 5 asynchronous asynchronous JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 27 6 safety safety NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 27 7 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 27 8 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-8986 27 9 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 27 10 formally formally RB en-wikipedia-org-8986 27 11 verified verify VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 27 12 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 27 13 Runtime Runtime NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 27 14 Verification Verification NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 27 15 Inc. Inc. NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 27 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8986 27 17 compared compare VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 27 18 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 27 19 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-8986 27 20 previous previous JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 27 21 verification verification NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 27 22 models model NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 27 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 27 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 27 25 model model NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 27 26 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-8986 27 27 accounts account VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 27 28 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 27 29 timing timing NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 27 30 issues issue NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 27 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8986 27 32 adversary adversary NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 27 33 actions action NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 27 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 27 35 e.g. e.g. RB en-wikipedia-org-8986 27 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 27 37 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-8986 27 38 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 27 39 adversary adversary NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 27 40 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 27 41 control control NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 27 42 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 27 43 message message NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 27 44 delivery delivery NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 27 45 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 28 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 28 2 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 28 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 28 4 Smart Smart NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 28 5 contracts[edit contracts[edit NFP en-wikipedia-org-8986 28 6 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 28 7 Algorand Algorand NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 28 8 supports support VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 28 9 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 28 10 types type NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 28 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 28 12 smart smart JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 28 13 contracts contract NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 28 14 : : : en-wikipedia-org-8986 28 15 stateless stateless JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 28 16 smart smart JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 28 17 contracts contract NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 28 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8986 28 19 stateful stateful JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 28 20 smart smart JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 28 21 contracts contract NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 28 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 29 1 Stateless stateless JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 29 2 smart smart JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 29 3 contracts contract NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 29 4 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-8986 29 5 intended intend VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 29 6 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 29 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 29 8 purpose purpose NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 29 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 29 10 authorizing authorize VBG en-wikipedia-org-8986 29 11 transactions transaction NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 29 12 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-8986 29 13 stateful stateful JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 29 14 smart smart JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 29 15 contracts contract NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 29 16 store store NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 29 17 data datum NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 29 18 persistently persistently RB en-wikipedia-org-8986 29 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8986 29 20 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-8986 29 21 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-8986 29 22 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 29 23 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 29 24 broader broad JJR en-wikipedia-org-8986 29 25 purposes purpose NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 29 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 30 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 30 2 2 2 LS en-wikipedia-org-8986 30 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 30 4 Algorand algorand JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 30 5 smart smart JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 30 6 contracts contract NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 30 7 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-8986 30 8 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-8986 30 9 written write VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 30 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 30 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 30 12 programming programming NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 30 13 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 30 14 called call VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 30 15 Transaction Transaction NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 30 16 Execution Execution NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 30 17 Approval Approval NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 30 18 Language Language NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 30 19 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 30 20 TEAL TEAL NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 30 21 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 30 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 31 1 TEAL TEAL NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 31 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 31 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 31 4 bytecode bytecode NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 31 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 31 6 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 31 7 stack stack NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 31 8 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 31 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 31 10 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 31 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 31 12 programming programming NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 31 13 interface interface NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 31 14 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 31 15 Python Python NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 31 16 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-8986 31 17 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 31 18 called call VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 31 19 PyTeal PyTeal NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 31 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 32 1 While while IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 32 2 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 32 3 smart smart JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 32 4 contract contract NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 32 5 programming programming NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 32 6 models model NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 32 7 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-8986 32 8 Turing ture VBG en-wikipedia-org-8986 32 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 32 10 complete complete JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 32 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 32 12 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 32 13 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 32 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 32 15 Solidity Solidity NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 32 16 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 32 17 Turing ture VBG en-wikipedia-org-8986 32 18 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 32 19 complete complete JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 32 20 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 32 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 32 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 32 23 Algorand Algorand NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 32 24 smart smart JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 32 25 contracts contract NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 32 26 model model NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 32 27 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 32 28 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-8986 32 29 Turing ture VBG en-wikipedia-org-8986 32 30 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 32 31 complete complete JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 32 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 33 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 33 2 Algorand Algorand NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 33 3 smart smart JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 33 4 contracts contract NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 33 5 model model NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 33 6 does do VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 33 7 support support VB en-wikipedia-org-8986 33 8 transaction transaction NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 33 9 atomicity atomicity NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 33 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 34 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 34 2 2 2 LS en-wikipedia-org-8986 34 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 34 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 34 5 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 34 6 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 34 7 blockchain blockchain NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 34 8 systems system NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 34 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 34 10 smart smart JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 34 11 contracts contract NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 34 12 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-8986 34 13 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 34 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-8986 34 15 define define VB en-wikipedia-org-8986 34 16 user user NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 34 17 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 34 18 defined define VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 34 19 assets asset NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 34 20 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-8986 34 21 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 34 22 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 34 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 34 24 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 34 25 Ethereum Ethereum NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 34 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 34 27 smart smart JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 34 28 contracts contract NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 34 29 implement implement VBP en-wikipedia-org-8986 34 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 34 31 ERC20 ERC20 NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 34 32 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8986 34 33 ERC721 ERC721 NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 34 34 interfaces interface NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 34 35 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-8986 34 36 define define VB en-wikipedia-org-8986 34 37 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 34 38 assets asset NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 34 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 35 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 35 2 Algorand Algorand NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 35 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 35 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 35 5 contrast contrast NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 35 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 35 7 user user NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 35 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 35 9 defined define VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 35 10 assets asset NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 35 11 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-8986 35 12 supported support VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 35 13 natively natively RB en-wikipedia-org-8986 35 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 35 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8986 35 16 Algorand Algorand NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 35 17 smart smart JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 35 18 contracts contract NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 35 19 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-8986 35 20 able able JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 35 21 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-8986 35 22 manipulate manipulate VB en-wikipedia-org-8986 35 23 user user NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 35 24 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 35 25 defined define VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 35 26 assets asset NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 35 27 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 35 28 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 35 29 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 35 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 35 31 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 35 32 transferring transfer VBG en-wikipedia-org-8986 35 33 ownership ownership NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 35 34 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 35 35 given give VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 35 36 amounts amount NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 35 37 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 35 38 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8986 35 39 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 35 40 using use VBG en-wikipedia-org-8986 35 41 built build VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 35 42 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 35 43 in in RP en-wikipedia-org-8986 35 44 transaction transaction NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 35 45 types type NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 35 46 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 2 2 2 LS en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 4 Use use VB en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 5 cases[edit cases[edit VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 6 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 7 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 8 March March NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 9 2021 2021 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 12 Società Società NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 13 Italiana Italiana NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 14 degli degli VBP en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 15 Autori Autori NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 16 ed ed NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 17 Editori Editori NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 18 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 19 SIAE SIAE NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 20 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 23 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 24 copyright copyright NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 25 collecting collect VBG en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 26 agency agency NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 28 uploaded upload VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 29 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 30 four four CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 31 million million CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 32 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 33 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 34 fungible fungible JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 35 tokens token NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 36 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 37 NFTs NFTs NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 38 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 39 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 40 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 41 Algorand Algorand NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 42 blockchain blockchain NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 44 representing represent VBG en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 45 copyrights copyright NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 46 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 47 works work NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 48 produced produce VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 49 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 50 SIAE SIAE NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 51 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 52 members member NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 36 53 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 2 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 5 February February NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 6 2021 2021 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 8 Ditto Ditto NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 9 Music Music NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 10 announced announce VBD en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 12 launch launch NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 15 project project NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 16 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 18 Algorand Algorand NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 19 network network NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 20 called call VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 21 Opulous Opulous NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 22 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 23 Opulous Opulous NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 24 will will MD en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 25 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 26 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 27 decentralized decentralized JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 28 finance finance NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 29 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 30 DeFi DeFi NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 31 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 32 loan loan NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 33 pool pool NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 35 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 36 loans loan NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 37 will will MD en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 38 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 39 guaranteed guarantee VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 40 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 41 artists artist NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 42 ’ ’ POS en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 43 past past JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 44 streaming streaming NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 45 revenues revenue NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 46 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 47 artists artist NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 48 ’ ’ POS en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 49 copyrights copyright NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 50 will will MD en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 51 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 52 held hold VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 53 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 54 collateral collateral NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 37 55 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 38 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 38 2 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 38 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 38 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 38 5 June June NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 38 6 2020 2020 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 38 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 38 8 Republic Republic NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 38 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 38 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 38 11 company company NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 38 12 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-8986 38 13 facilitates facilitate VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 38 14 crowdfunding crowdfunde VBG en-wikipedia-org-8986 38 15 campaigns campaign NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 38 16 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 38 17 startups startup NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 38 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8986 38 19 small small NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 38 20 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 38 21 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 38 22 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 38 23 medium medium NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 38 24 businesses business NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 38 25 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 38 26 SMBs SMBs NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 38 27 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 38 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 38 29 issued issue VBD en-wikipedia-org-8986 38 30 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 38 31 profit profit NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 38 32 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 38 33 sharing sharing NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 38 34 token token NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 38 35 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 38 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 38 37 Algorand Algorand NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 38 38 platform platform NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 38 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 39 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 39 2 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 39 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 39 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 39 5 March March NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 39 6 2020 2020 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 39 7 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-8986 39 8 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8986 39 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 39 10 announcement announcement NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 39 11 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 39 12 Marshall Marshall NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 39 13 Islands Islands NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 39 14 will will MD en-wikipedia-org-8986 39 15 issue issue VB en-wikipedia-org-8986 39 16 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-8986 39 17 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-8986 39 18 Sovereign sovereign JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 39 19 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-8986 39 20 digital digital JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 39 21 currency currency NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 39 22 using use VBG en-wikipedia-org-8986 39 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 39 24 Algorand Algorand NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 39 25 network network NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 39 26 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 39 27 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 39 28 backbone backbone NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 39 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 40 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 40 2 14 14 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 40 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 40 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 40 5 February February NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 40 6 2020 2020 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 40 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 40 8 PlanetWatch PlanetWatch NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 40 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 40 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 40 11 spinoff spinoff NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 40 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 40 13 CERN CERN NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 40 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 40 15 announced announce VBD en-wikipedia-org-8986 40 16 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 40 17 program program NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 40 18 involving involve VBG en-wikipedia-org-8986 40 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 40 20 deployment deployment NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 40 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 40 22 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 40 23 global global JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 40 24 network network NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 40 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 40 26 air air NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 40 27 quality quality NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 40 28 sensors sensor NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 40 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 40 30 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-8986 40 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 40 32 sensors sensor NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 40 33 record record VBP en-wikipedia-org-8986 40 34 measurement measurement NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 40 35 data datum NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 40 36 onto onto IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 40 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 40 38 Algorand Algorand NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 40 39 blockchain blockchain NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 40 40 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 41 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 41 2 15 15 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 41 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 41 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 41 5 2020 2020 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 41 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 41 7 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 41 8 stablecoins stablecoin NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 41 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 41 10 Tether Tether NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 41 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8986 41 12 USD USD NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 41 13 Coin Coin NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 41 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 41 15 USDC USDC NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 41 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 41 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 41 18 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8986 41 19 launched launch VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 41 20 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 41 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 41 22 Algorand Algorand NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 41 23 network network NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 41 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 42 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 42 2 16][17 16][17 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 42 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 42 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 42 5 May May NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 42 6 2021 2021 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 42 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 42 8 Securitize Securitize NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 42 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 42 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 42 11 company company NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 42 12 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-8986 42 13 enables enable VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 42 14 investment investment NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 42 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 42 16 private private JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 42 17 capital capital NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 42 18 markets market NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 42 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 42 20 launched launch VBD en-wikipedia-org-8986 42 21 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 42 22 cryptocurrency cryptocurrency NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 42 23 yield yield NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 42 24 funds fund NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 42 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8986 42 26 announced announce VBD en-wikipedia-org-8986 42 27 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8986 42 28 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-8986 42 29 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-8986 42 30 recorded record VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 42 31 using use VBG en-wikipedia-org-8986 42 32 Algorand Algorand NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 42 33 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-8986 42 34 blockchain blockchain NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 42 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 43 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 43 2 18 18 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 43 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 43 4 References[edit references[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 43 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 43 6 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-8986 43 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 43 8 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 43 9 c c NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 43 10 d d NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 43 11 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 43 12 f f NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 43 13 Lepore Lepore NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 43 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 43 15 Cristian Cristian NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 43 16 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-8986 43 17 Ceria Ceria NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 43 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 43 19 Michela Michela NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 43 20 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-8986 43 21 Visconti Visconti NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 43 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 43 23 Andrea Andrea NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 43 24 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-8986 43 25 Rao Rao NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 43 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 43 27 Udai Udai NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 43 28 Pratap Pratap NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 43 29 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-8986 43 30 Shah Shah NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 43 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 43 32 Kaushal Kaushal NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 43 33 Arvindbhai Arvindbhai NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 43 34 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-8986 43 35 Zanolini Zanolini NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 43 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 43 37 Luca Luca NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 43 38 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 43 39 14 14 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 43 40 October October NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 43 41 2020 2020 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 43 42 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 43 43 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 44 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-8986 44 2 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 44 3 Survey Survey NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 44 4 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 44 5 Blockchain Blockchain NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 44 6 Consensus Consensus NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 44 7 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 44 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 44 9 Performance Performance NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 44 10 Comparison Comparison NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 44 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 44 12 PoW pow NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 44 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 44 14 PoS PoS NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 44 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8986 44 16 Pure pure JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 44 17 PoS pos NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 44 18 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-8986 44 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 45 1 Mathematics mathematic NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 45 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 46 1 8 8 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 46 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 46 3 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 46 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 46 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-8986 46 6 1782 1782 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 46 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 46 8 doi:10.3390 doi:10.3390 NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 46 9 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-8986 46 10 math8101782 math8101782 NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 46 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 47 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 47 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 47 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 47 4 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 47 5 d d NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 47 6 e e NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 47 7 Bartoletti Bartoletti NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 47 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 47 9 Massimo Massimo NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 47 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 47 11 2020 2020 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 47 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 47 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 48 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-8986 48 2 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 48 3 formal formal JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 48 4 model model NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 48 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 48 6 Algorand algorand JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 48 7 smart smart JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 48 8 contracts contract NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 48 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-8986 48 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 48 11 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 48 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 48 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 49 1 Financial Financial NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 49 2 Cryptography Cryptography NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 49 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8986 49 4 Data Data NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8986 49 5 Security Security NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 49 6 2021 2021 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 49 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 49 8 arXiv:2009.12140 arxiv:2009.12140 NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 49 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 50 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 50 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 50 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 50 4 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 50 5 d d NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 50 6 Xiao Xiao NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 50 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 50 8 Y. Y. NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 50 9 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-8986 50 10 Zhang Zhang NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 50 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 50 12 N. N. NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 50 13 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-8986 50 14 Lou Lou NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 50 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 50 16 W. W. NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 50 17 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-8986 50 18 Hou Hou NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 50 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 50 20 Y. Y. NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 50 21 T. T. NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 50 22 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 50 23 28 28 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 50 24 January January NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 50 25 2020 2020 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 50 26 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 50 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 51 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-8986 51 2 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 51 3 Survey Survey NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 51 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 51 5 Distributed Distributed NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 51 6 Consensus Consensus NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 51 7 Protocols Protocols NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 51 8 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 51 9 Blockchain Blockchain NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 51 10 Networks Networks NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 51 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-8986 51 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 52 1 IEEE IEEE NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 52 2 Communications Communications NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8986 52 3 Surveys Surveys NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8986 52 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8986 52 5 Tutorials tutorial NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 52 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 53 1 22 22 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 53 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 53 3 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 53 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 53 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-8986 53 6 1432–1465 1432–1465 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 53 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 54 1 arXiv:1904.04098 arXiv:1904.04098 NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 54 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 54 3 doi:10.1109 doi:10.1109 NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 54 4 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-8986 54 5 COMST.2020.2969706 COMST.2020.2969706 NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 54 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 55 1 ISSN issn NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 55 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-8986 55 3 1553 1553 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 55 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 55 5 877X. 877x. CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 56 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 56 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-8986 56 3 102352657 102352657 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 56 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 57 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 57 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 57 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 57 4 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 57 5 d d NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 57 6 Wan Wan NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 57 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 57 8 Shaohua Shaohua NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 57 9 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-8986 57 10 Li Li NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 57 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 57 12 Meijun Meijun NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 57 13 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-8986 57 14 Liu Liu NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 57 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 57 16 Gaoyang Gaoyang NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 57 17 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-8986 57 18 Wang Wang NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 57 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 57 20 Chen Chen NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 57 21 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 57 22 2020 2020 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 57 23 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-8986 57 24 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 57 25 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 57 26 01 01 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 57 27 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 57 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 58 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-8986 58 2 Recent recent JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 58 3 advances advance NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 58 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 58 5 consensus consensus NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 58 6 protocols protocol NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 58 7 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 58 8 blockchain blockchain NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 58 9 : : : en-wikipedia-org-8986 58 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 58 11 survey survey NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 58 12 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-8986 58 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 59 1 Wireless Wireless NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 59 2 Networks Networks NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 59 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 60 1 26 26 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 60 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 60 3 8) 8) CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 60 4 : : SYM en-wikipedia-org-8986 60 5 5579–5593 5579–5593 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 60 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 61 1 doi:10.1007 doi:10.1007 VB en-wikipedia-org-8986 61 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-8986 61 3 s11276 s11276 NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 61 4 - 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- HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 67 4 04 04 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 67 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 67 6 03 03 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 67 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 68 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 68 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-8986 68 3 MIT MIT NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 68 4 professor professor NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 68 5 debuts debut VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 68 6 high high JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 68 7 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 68 8 speed speed NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 68 9 blockchain blockchain NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 68 10 payments payment NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 68 11 platform platform NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 68 12 Algorand Algorand NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 68 13 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-8986 68 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 69 1 VentureBeat VentureBeat NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 69 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 70 1 2018 2018 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 70 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 70 3 02 02 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 70 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 70 5 15 15 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 70 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 71 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 71 2 2021 2021 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 71 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 71 4 04 04 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 71 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 71 6 03 03 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 71 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 72 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-8986 72 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-8986 72 3 Algo Algo NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 72 4 VC VC NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 72 5 Fund Fund NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 72 6 Raises raise VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 72 7 $ $ $ en-wikipedia-org-8986 72 8 200 200 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 72 9 M m NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 72 10 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 72 11 Fast fast JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 72 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 72 13 Track track NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 72 14 Its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-8986 72 15 Own own JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 72 16 Cryptocurrency cryptocurrency NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 72 17 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-8986 72 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 73 1 www.bizjournals.com www.bizjournals.com ADD en-wikipedia-org-8986 73 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 74 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 74 2 2021 2021 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 74 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 74 4 04 04 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 74 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 74 6 03 03 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 74 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 75 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-8986 75 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-8986 75 3 Bahrain Bahrain NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 75 4 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-8986 75 5 Shariah Shariah NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 75 6 Review Review NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 75 7 Bureau Bureau NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 75 8 Certifies Certifies NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8986 75 9 Blockchain Blockchain NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 75 10 Firm firm NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 75 11 Algorand Algorand NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 75 12 As as IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 75 13 Shariah Shariah NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 75 14 Compliant Compliant NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 75 15 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-8986 75 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 76 1 Crowdfund Crowdfund NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 76 2 Insider Insider NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 76 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 77 1 2019 2019 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 77 2 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-8986 77 3 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 77 4 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-8986 77 5 23 23 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 77 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 78 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 78 2 2021 2021 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 78 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 78 4 04 04 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 78 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 78 6 03 03 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 78 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 79 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 79 2 Chen Chen NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 79 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 79 4 Jing Jing NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 79 5 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-8986 79 6 Micali Micali NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 79 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 79 8 Silvio Silvio NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 79 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 79 10 2019 2019 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 79 11 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-8986 79 12 07 07 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 79 13 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 79 14 19 19 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 79 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 79 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 80 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-8986 80 2 Algorand algorand NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 80 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-8986 80 4 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 80 5 secure secure JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 80 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8986 80 7 efficient efficient JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 80 8 distributed distribute VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 80 9 ledger ledger JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 80 10 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-8986 80 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 81 1 Theoretical Theoretical NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 81 2 Computer Computer NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 81 3 Science Science NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 81 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 82 1 777 777 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 82 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-8986 82 3 155–183 155–183 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 82 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 83 1 doi:10.1016 doi:10.1016 NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 83 2 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-8986 83 3 j.tcs.2019.02.001 j.tcs.2019.02.001 NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 83 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 84 1 ISSN issn NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 84 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-8986 84 3 0304 0304 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 84 4 - 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NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 85 6 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-8986 85 7 Chen Chen NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 85 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 85 9 Jing Jing NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 85 10 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-8986 85 11 Luchangco Luchangco NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 85 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 85 13 Victor Victor NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 85 14 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-8986 85 15 Moore Moore NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 85 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 85 17 Brandon Brandon NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 85 18 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-8986 85 19 Palmskog Palmskog NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 85 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 85 21 Karl Karl NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 85 22 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-8986 85 23 Peña Peña NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 85 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 85 25 Lucas Lucas NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 85 26 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-8986 85 27 Roşu Roşu NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 85 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 85 29 Grigore Grigore NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 85 30 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 85 31 2020 2020 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 85 32 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 85 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 86 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-8986 86 2 Towards towards IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 86 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 86 4 Verified verified JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 86 5 Model model NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 86 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 86 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 86 8 Algorand Algorand NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 86 9 Consensus Consensus NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 86 10 Protocol Protocol NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 86 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 86 12 Coq Coq NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 86 13 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-8986 86 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 87 1 Formal formal JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 87 2 Methods method NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 87 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 88 1 FM FM NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 88 2 2019 2019 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 88 3 International International NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 88 4 Workshops Workshops NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8986 88 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 89 1 Lecture Lecture NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 89 2 Notes Notes NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8986 89 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 89 4 Computer Computer NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 89 5 Science Science NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 89 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 90 1 12232 12232 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 90 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 90 3 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 90 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 91 1 362–367 362–367 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 91 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 92 1 arXiv:1907.05523 arxiv:1907.05523 UH en-wikipedia-org-8986 92 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 92 3 doi:10.1007/978 doi:10.1007/978 NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 92 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 92 5 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 92 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 92 7 030 030 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 92 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 92 9 54994 54994 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 92 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 92 11 7_27 7_27 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 92 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 93 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 93 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-8986 93 3 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 93 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 93 5 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 93 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 93 7 030 030 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 93 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 93 9 54993 54993 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 93 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 93 11 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 93 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 94 1 S2CID S2CID NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 94 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-8986 94 3 196471153 196471153 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 94 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 95 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-8986 95 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-8986 95 3 Il Il NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 95 4 diritto diritto NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 95 5 d'autore d'autore NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 95 6 diventa diventa NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 95 7 asset asset NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 95 8 digitale digitale NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 95 9 su su NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 95 10 blockchain blockchain NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 95 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-8986 95 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 96 1 Il Il NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 96 2 Sole Sole NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 96 3 24 24 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 96 4 ORE ORE NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 96 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 96 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 96 7 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 96 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 96 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 97 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 97 2 2021 2021 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 97 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 97 4 04 04 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 97 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 97 6 03 03 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 97 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 98 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-8986 98 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-8986 98 3 Ditto Ditto NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 98 4 launches launch VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 98 5 Opulous opulous JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 98 6 platform platform NN 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HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 104 5 24 24 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 104 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 105 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 105 2 2021 2021 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 105 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 105 4 04 04 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 105 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 105 6 03 03 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 105 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 106 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-8986 106 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-8986 106 3 Unlocking unlock VBG en-wikipedia-org-8986 106 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 106 5 potential potential NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 106 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 106 7 blockchain blockchain NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 106 8 technology technology NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 106 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-8986 106 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 107 1 MIT MIT NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 107 2 News News NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 107 3 | | NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 107 4 Massachusetts Massachusetts NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 107 5 Institute Institute NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 107 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 107 7 Technology Technology NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 107 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 108 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 108 2 2021 2021 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 108 3 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-8986 108 4 06 06 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 108 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 108 6 20 20 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 108 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 109 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-8986 109 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-8986 109 3 Blockchain Blockchain NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 109 4 al al NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 109 5 servizio servizio NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 109 6 dell'ambiente dell'ambiente NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 109 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-8986 109 8 un un NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 109 9 registro registro NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 109 10 pubblico pubblico NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 109 11 di di NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 109 12 qualità qualità NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 109 13 dell'aria dell'aria NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 109 14 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-8986 109 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 110 1 Il Il NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 110 2 Sole Sole NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 110 3 24 24 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 110 4 ORE ORE NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 110 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 110 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 110 7 Italian Italian NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 110 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 110 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 111 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 111 2 2021 2021 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 111 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 111 4 04 04 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 111 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 111 6 03 03 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 111 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 112 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-8986 112 2 Castillo Castillo NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 112 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 112 4 Michael Michael NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 112 5 del del NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 112 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 113 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-8986 113 2 Visa Visa NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 113 3 Partners Partners NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 113 4 With with IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 113 5 Ethereum Ethereum NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 113 6 Digital Digital NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 113 7 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 113 8 Dollar Dollar NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 113 9 Startup Startup NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 113 10 That that WDT en-wikipedia-org-8986 113 11 Raised raise VBD en-wikipedia-org-8986 113 12 $ $ $ en-wikipedia-org-8986 113 13 271 271 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 113 14 Million million CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 113 15 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-8986 113 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 114 1 Forbes Forbes NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 114 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 115 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 115 2 2021 2021 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 115 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 115 4 04 04 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 115 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 115 6 03 03 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 115 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 116 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 116 2 Confidential Confidential NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 116 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 116 4 Crypto Crypto NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 116 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 117 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-8986 117 2 Stimulus stimulus JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 117 3 Checks check NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 117 4 From from IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 117 5 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 117 6 Crypto Crypto NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 117 7 Exchange Exchange NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 117 8 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-8986 117 9 Bitcoin Bitcoin NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 117 10 Rebound Rebound NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 117 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-8986 117 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 118 1 Forbes Forbes NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 118 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 119 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 119 2 2021 2021 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 119 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 119 4 04 04 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 119 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 119 6 03 03 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 119 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 120 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 120 2 Dantes Dantes NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 120 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 120 4 Damanick Damanick NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 120 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 121 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-8986 121 2 Securitize securitize VB en-wikipedia-org-8986 121 3 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-8986 121 4 Issue issue VB en-wikipedia-org-8986 121 5 Digital Digital NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 121 6 Asset Asset NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 121 7 Securities Securities NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8986 121 8 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 121 9 Yield Yield NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 121 10 Funds Funds NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8986 121 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-8986 121 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 122 1 CoinDesk CoinDesk NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 122 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 1 v v NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 2 t t NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 3 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 4 Cryptocurrencies Cryptocurrencies NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 5 Technology Technology NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 6 Blockchain Blockchain NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 7 Cryptocurrency Cryptocurrency NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 8 tumbler tumbler NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 9 Cryptocurrency Cryptocurrency NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 10 exchange exchange NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 11 Cryptocurrency Cryptocurrency NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 12 wallet wallet NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 13 Cryptographic Cryptographic NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 14 hash hash NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 15 function function NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 16 Decentralized decentralize VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 17 exchange exchange NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 18 Decentralized Decentralized NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 19 Finance Finance NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 20 Distributed distribute VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 21 ledger ledger NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 22 Fork Fork NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 23 Lightning Lightning NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 24 Network Network NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 25 MetaMask MetaMask NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 26 Non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 27 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 28 fungible fungible JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 29 token token JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 30 Smart smart JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 31 contract contract NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 32 Consensus Consensus NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 33 mechanisms mechanism NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 34 Proof Proof NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 35 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 36 authority authority NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 37 Proof Proof NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 38 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 39 personhood personhood NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 40 Proof Proof NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 41 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 42 space space NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 43 Proof Proof NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 44 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 45 stake stake NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 46 Proof Proof NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 47 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 48 work work NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 49 Proof Proof NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 50 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 51 work work NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 52 currencies currency NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 53 SHA-256-based sha-256-base VBD en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 54 Bitcoin Bitcoin NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 55 Bitcoin Bitcoin NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 56 Cash Cash NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 57 Counterparty Counterparty NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 58 LBRY lbry NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 59 MazaCoin MazaCoin NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 60 Namecoin Namecoin NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 61 Peercoin Peercoin NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 62 Titcoin Titcoin NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 63 Ethash Ethash NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 64 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 65 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 66 Ethereum Ethereum NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 67 Ethereum Ethereum NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 68 Classic Classic NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 69 Scrypt Scrypt NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 70 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 71 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 72 Auroracoin Auroracoin NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 73 Bitconnect Bitconnect NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 74 Coinye Coinye NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 75 Dogecoin Dogecoin NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 76 Litecoin Litecoin NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 77 Equihash Equihash NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 78 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 79 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 80 Bitcoin Bitcoin NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 81 Gold Gold NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 82 Zcash Zcash NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 83 RandomX RandomX NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 84 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 85 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 86 Monero Monero NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 87 X11-based X11-based NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 88 Dash Dash NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 89 Petro Petro NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 90 Other Other NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 91 AmbaCoin AmbaCoin NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 92 Firo Firo NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 93 IOTA IOTA NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 94 Primecoin Primecoin NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 95 Verge Verge NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 96 Vertcoin Vertcoin NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 97 Proof Proof NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 98 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 99 stake stake NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 100 currencies currency NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 101 Algorand Algorand NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 102 Cardano Cardano NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 103 EOS.IO EOS.IO NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 104 Gridcoin Gridcoin NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 105 Nxt Nxt NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 106 Peercoin Peercoin NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 107 Polkadot Polkadot NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 108 Steem Steem NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 109 Tezos Tezos NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 110 TRON tron NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 111 ERC-20 erc-20 NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 112 tokens token NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 113 Augur Augur NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 114 Aventus Aventus NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 115 Bancor Bancor NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 116 Basic Basic NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 117 Attention Attention NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 118 Token Token NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 119 Chainlink Chainlink NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 120 Kin Kin NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 121 KodakCoin KodakCoin NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 122 Minds mind VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 123 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 124 DAO DAO NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 125 Uniswap Uniswap NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 126 Stablecoins Stablecoins NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 127 Dai Dai NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 128 Diem Diem NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 129 Tether Tether NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 130 USD USD NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 131 Coin Coin NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 132 Other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 133 currencies currency NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 134 Ankr Ankr NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 135 Chia Chia NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 136 Filecoin Filecoin NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 137 HBAR HBAR NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 138 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 139 Hashgraph Hashgraph NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 140 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 141 Nano Nano NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 142 NEO NEO NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 143 Ripple Ripple NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 144 SafeMoon SafeMoon NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 145 Stellar Stellar NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 146 WhopperCoin WhopperCoin NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 147 Related related JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 148 topics topic NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 149 Airdrop Airdrop NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 150 BitLicense BitLicense NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 151 Blockchain Blockchain NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 152 game game NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 153 Complementary complementary JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 154 currency currency NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 155 Crypto Crypto NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 156 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 157 anarchism anarchism NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 158 Cryptocurrency Cryptocurrency NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 159 bubble bubble NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 160 Cryptocurrency Cryptocurrency NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 161 scams scam NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 162 Digital Digital NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 163 currency currency NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 164 Distributed distribute VBD en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 165 ledger ledger JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 166 technology technology NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 167 law law NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 168 Double double JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 169 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 170 spending spend VBG en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 171 Hyperledger Hyperledger NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 172 Initial initial JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 173 coin coin NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 174 offering offer VBG en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 175 Initial initial JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 176 exchange exchange NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 177 offering offer VBG en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 178 Initiative Initiative NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 179 Q Q NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 180 List List NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 181 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 182 cryptocurrencies cryptocurrencie NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 183 Token token JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 184 money money NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 185 Virtual virtual JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 186 currency currency NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 187 Category Category NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 188 Commons Commons NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 189 List List NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 190 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 191 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 192 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 193 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Algorand_(cryptocurrency_platform)&oldid=1038649658 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=algorand_(cryptocurrency_platform)&oldid=1038649658 NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 194 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 195 Categories category NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 196 : : : en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 197 Blockchains blockchain VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 198 Alternative alternative JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 199 currencies currency NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 200 Cryptocurrencies cryptocurrencie NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 201 Hidden hidden JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 202 categories category NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 203 : : : en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 204 CS1 CS1 NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 205 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 206 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 207 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 208 sources source NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 209 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 210 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 211 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 212 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 213 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 214 short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 215 description description NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 216 Short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 217 description description NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 218 matches match VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 219 Wikidata Wikidata NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 220 Navigation Navigation NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 221 menu menu NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 222 Personal personal JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 223 tools tool NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 224 Not not RB en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 225 logged log VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 226 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 227 Talk Talk NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 228 Contributions Contributions NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 229 Create Create NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 230 account account NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 231 Log Log NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 232 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 233 Namespaces Namespaces NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 234 Article Article NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 235 Talk talk NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 236 Variants variant VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 237 Views view NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 238 Read read VBP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 239 Edit edit NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 240 View View NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 241 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 242 More More JJR en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 243 Search Search NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 244 Navigation Navigation NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 245 Main Main NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 246 page page NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 247 Contents content VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 248 Current current JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 249 events event NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 250 Random random JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 251 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 252 About about IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 253 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 254 Contact Contact NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 255 us -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 256 Donate Donate NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 257 Contribute contribute NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 258 Help help NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 259 Learn learn VB en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 260 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 261 edit edit VB en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 262 Community community NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 263 portal portal JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 264 Recent recent JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 265 changes change NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 266 Upload upload JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 267 file file NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 268 Tools tool NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 269 What what WP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 270 links link NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 271 here here RB en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 272 Related relate VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 273 changes change VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 274 Upload upload JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 275 file file VBP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 276 Special special JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 277 pages page NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 278 Permanent permanent JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 279 link link NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 280 Page Page NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 281 information information NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 282 Cite cite VB en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 283 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 284 page page NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 285 Wikidata wikidata NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 286 item item NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 287 Print print NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 288 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 289 export export NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 290 Download Download NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 291 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 292 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 293 Printable Printable NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 294 version version NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 295 Languages language VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 296 Italiano Italiano NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 297 Edit Edit NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 298 links link NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 299 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 300 page page NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 301 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 302 last last RB en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 303 edited edit VBN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 304 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 305 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 306 August August NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 307 2021 2021 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 308 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 309 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 310 20:59 20:59 CD en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 311   _SP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 312 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 313 UTC UTC NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 314 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-8986 123 315 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 124 1 Text text NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 124 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 124 3 available available JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 124 4 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 124 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 124 6 Creative Creative NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 124 7 Commons Commons NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 124 8 Attribution Attribution NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 124 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-8986 124 10 ShareAlike ShareAlike NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 124 11 License License NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 124 12 ; ; , en-wikipedia-org-8986 124 13 additional additional JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 124 14 terms term NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 124 15 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-8986 124 16 apply apply VB en-wikipedia-org-8986 124 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 125 1 By by IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 125 2 using use VBG en-wikipedia-org-8986 125 3 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 125 4 site site NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 125 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 125 6 you -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-8986 125 7 agree agree VBP en-wikipedia-org-8986 125 8 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 125 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 125 10 Terms term NNS en-wikipedia-org-8986 125 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 125 12 Use Use NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 125 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-8986 125 14 Privacy Privacy NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 125 15 Policy Policy NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 125 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 126 1 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 126 2 ® ® NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8986 126 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-8986 126 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 126 5 registered registered JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 126 6 trademark trademark NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 126 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 126 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 126 9 Wikimedia Wikimedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 126 10 Foundation Foundation NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 126 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 126 12 Inc. Inc. NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 126 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-8986 126 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-8986 126 15 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 126 16 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 126 17 profit profit JJ en-wikipedia-org-8986 126 18 organization organization NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 126 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-8986 127 1 Privacy privacy NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 127 2 policy policy NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 127 3 About about IN en-wikipedia-org-8986 127 4 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 127 5 Disclaimers Disclaimers NNPS en-wikipedia-org-8986 127 6 Contact Contact NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 127 7 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 127 8 Mobile Mobile NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 127 9 view view NN en-wikipedia-org-8986 127 10 Developers Developers NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 127 11 Statistics Statistics NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 127 12 Cookie Cookie NNP en-wikipedia-org-8986 127 13 statement statement NN