id sid tid token lemma pos en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 1 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 2 philosophy philosophy NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 4 Wikipedia wikipedia NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 5 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 6 philosophy philosophy NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 7 From from IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 8 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 11 free free JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 12 encyclopedia encyclopedia NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 13 Jump Jump NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 14 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 15 navigation navigation NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 16 Jump Jump NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 17 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 18 search search VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 19 Philosophy philosophy NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 20 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 21 developing develop VBG en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 22 software software NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 23 Ken Ken NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 24 Thompson Thompson NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 26 Dennis Dennis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 27 Ritchie Ritchie NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 29 key key JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 30 proponents proponent NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 31 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 33 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 34 philosophy philosophy NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 35 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 36 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 37 philosophy philosophy NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 39 originated originate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 40 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 41 Ken Ken NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 42 Thompson Thompson NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 44 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 45 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 46 set set NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 47 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 48 cultural cultural JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 49 norms norm NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 50 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 51 philosophical philosophical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 52 approaches approach NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 53 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 54 minimalist minimalist JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 55 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 56 modular modular JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 57 software software NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 58 development development NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 1 59 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 2 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 2 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 2 3 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 2 4 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 2 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 2 6 experience experience NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 2 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 2 8 leading lead VBG en-wikipedia-org-5784 2 9 developers developer NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 2 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 2 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 2 12 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 2 13 operating operating NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 2 14 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 2 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 3 1 Early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 3 2 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 3 3 developers developer NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 3 4 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5784 3 5 important important JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 3 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 3 7 bringing bring VBG en-wikipedia-org-5784 3 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 3 9 concepts concept NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 3 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 3 11 modularity modularity NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 3 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 3 13 reusability reusability NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 3 14 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 3 15 software software NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 3 16 engineering engineering NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 3 17 practice practice NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 3 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 3 19 spawning spawn VBG en-wikipedia-org-5784 3 20 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 3 21 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5784 3 22 software software NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 3 23 tools tool NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 3 24 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5784 3 25 movement movement NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 3 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 1 Over over IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 2 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 5 leading lead VBG en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 6 developers developer NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 8 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 11 programs program NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 12 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 13 ran run VBD en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 14 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 15 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 17 established establish VBD en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 19 set set NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 21 cultural cultural JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 22 norms norm NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 23 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 24 developing develop VBG en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 25 software software NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 26 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 27 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 28 norms norm NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 29 became become VBD en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 30 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 31 important important JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 32 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 33 influential influential JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 34 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 36 technology technology NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 37 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 38 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 39 itself -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 40 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 41 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 42 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 43 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 44 termed term VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 45 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 46 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 47 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 48 philosophy philosophy NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 49 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 4 50 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5784 5 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 5 2 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 5 3 philosophy philosophy NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 5 4 emphasizes emphasize VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 5 5 building build VBG en-wikipedia-org-5784 5 6 simple simple JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 5 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 5 8 short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 5 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 5 10 clear clear JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 5 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 5 12 modular modular JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 5 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 5 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 5 15 extensible extensible JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 5 16 code code NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 5 17 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5784 5 18 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-5784 5 19 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 5 20 easily easily RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 5 21 maintained maintain VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 5 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 5 23 repurposed repurpose VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 5 24 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 5 25 developers developer NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 5 26 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 5 27 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 5 28 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5784 5 29 creators creator NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 5 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 6 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 6 2 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 6 3 philosophy philosophy NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 6 4 favors favor VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 6 5 composability composability NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 6 6 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 6 7 opposed oppose VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 6 8 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 6 9 monolithic monolithic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 6 10 design design NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 6 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 1 Contents content NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 2 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 3 Origin origin NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 4 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 5 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 6 UNIX UNIX NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 7 Programming Programming NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 8 Environment Environment NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 9 3 3 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 10 Program Program NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 11 Design Design NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 14 UNIX UNIX NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 15 Environment Environment NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 16 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 17 Doug Doug NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 18 McIlroy McIlroy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 19 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 20 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 21 programming programming NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 22 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 23 Do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 24 One one CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 25 Thing thing NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 27 Do do VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 28 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 29 Well well UH en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 30 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 31 Eric Eric NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 32 Raymond Raymond NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 33 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 34 17 17 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 35 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 36 Rules Rules NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 37 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 38 Mike Mike NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 39 Gancarz Gancarz NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 40 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 41 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 42 UNIX UNIX NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 43 Philosophy Philosophy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 44 8 8 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 45 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 46 Worse bad JJR en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 47 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 48 better well JJR en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 49 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 50 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 51 Criticism criticism NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 52 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 53 See see VBP en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 54 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 55 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 56 Notes note NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 57 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 58 References reference NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 59 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 60 External external JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 61 links link NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 62 Origin[edit Origin[edit '' en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 63 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 64 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 65 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 66 philosophy philosophy NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 67 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 68 documented document VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 69 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 70 Doug Doug NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 71 McIlroy[1 McIlroy[1 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 72 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 73 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 74 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 75 Bell Bell NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 76 System System NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 77 Technical Technical NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 78 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 79 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 80 1978:[2 1978:[2 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 81 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 82 Make make VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 83 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 84 program program NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 85 do do VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 86 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 87 thing thing NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 88 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 7 89 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 8 1 To to TO en-wikipedia-org-5784 8 2 do do VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 8 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 8 4 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 8 5 job job NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 8 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 8 7 build build VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 8 8 afresh afresh RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 8 9 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 8 10 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 8 11 complicate complicate VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 8 12 old old JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 8 13 programs program NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 8 14 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 8 15 adding add VBG en-wikipedia-org-5784 8 16 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 8 17 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5784 8 18 features feature NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 8 19 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5784 8 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 9 1 Expect expect VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 9 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 9 3 output output NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 9 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 9 5 every every DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 9 6 program program NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 9 7 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5784 9 8 become become VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 9 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 9 10 input input NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 9 11 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 9 12 another another DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 9 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 9 14 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 9 15 yet yet RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 9 16 unknown unknown JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 9 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 9 18 program program NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 9 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 10 1 Do do VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 10 2 n't not RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 10 3 clutter clutter VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 10 4 output output NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 10 5 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 10 6 extraneous extraneous JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 10 7 information information NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 10 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 11 1 Avoid avoid VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 11 2 stringently stringently RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 11 3 columnar columnar JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 11 4 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 11 5 binary binary JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 11 6 input input NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 11 7 formats format NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 11 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 12 1 Do do VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 12 2 n't not RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 12 3 insist insist VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 12 4 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 12 5 interactive interactive JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 12 6 input input NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 12 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 13 1 Design design NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 13 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 13 3 build build VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 13 4 software software NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 13 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 13 6 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 13 7 operating operate VBG en-wikipedia-org-5784 13 8 systems system NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 13 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 13 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5784 13 11 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 13 12 tried try VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 13 13 early early RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 13 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 13 15 ideally ideally RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 13 16 within within IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 13 17 weeks week NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 13 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 14 1 Do do VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 14 2 n't not RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 14 3 hesitate hesitate VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 14 4 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5784 14 5 throw throw VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 14 6 away away RP en-wikipedia-org-5784 14 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 14 8 clumsy clumsy JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 14 9 parts part NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 14 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 14 11 rebuild rebuild VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 14 12 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 14 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 15 1 Use Use NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 15 2 tools tool NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 15 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 15 4 preference preference NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 15 5 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 15 6 unskilled unskilled JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 15 7 help help NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 15 8 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5784 15 9 lighten lighten VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 15 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 15 11 programming programming NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 15 12 task task NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 15 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 15 14 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 15 15 if if IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 15 16 you -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 15 17 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-5784 15 18 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5784 15 19 detour detour VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 15 20 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5784 15 21 build build VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 15 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 15 23 tools tool NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 15 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 15 25 expect expect VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 15 26 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5784 15 27 throw throw VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 15 28 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 15 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 15 30 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 15 31 out out RP en-wikipedia-org-5784 15 32 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 15 33 you -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 15 34 've have VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 15 35 finished finish VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 15 36 using use VBG en-wikipedia-org-5784 15 37 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 15 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 16 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 16 2 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5784 16 3 later later RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 16 4 summarized summarize VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 16 5 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 16 6 Peter Peter NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 16 7 H. H. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 16 8 Salus Salus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 16 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 16 10 A A NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 16 11 Quarter Quarter NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 16 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5784 16 13 Century Century NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 16 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 16 15 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 16 16 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 16 17 1994):[1 1994):[1 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 16 18 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 16 19 Write write VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 16 20 programs program NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 16 21 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5784 16 22 do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-5784 16 23 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 16 24 thing thing NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 16 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 16 26 do do VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 16 27 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 16 28 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 16 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 17 1 Write write VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 17 2 programs program NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 17 3 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5784 17 4 work work VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 17 5 together together RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 17 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 18 1 Write write VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 18 2 programs program NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 18 3 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5784 18 4 handle handle VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 18 5 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 18 6 streams stream NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 18 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 18 8 because because IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 18 9 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 18 10 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 18 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 18 12 universal universal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 18 13 interface interface NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 18 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 19 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 19 2 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5784 19 3 award award NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 19 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5784 19 5 winning win VBG en-wikipedia-org-5784 19 6 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 19 7 paper paper NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 19 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 19 9 1974[citation 1974[citation NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 19 10 needed need VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 19 11 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 19 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 19 13 Ritchie Ritchie NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 19 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 19 15 Thompson Thompson NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 19 16 quote quote VBP en-wikipedia-org-5784 19 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 19 18 following follow VBG en-wikipedia-org-5784 19 19 design design NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 19 20 considerations:[3 considerations:[3 NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 19 21 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 19 22 Make make VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 19 23 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 19 24 easy easy JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 19 25 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5784 19 26 write write VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 19 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 19 28 test test NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 19 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 19 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 19 31 run run VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 19 32 programs program NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 19 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 20 1 Interactive interactive JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 20 2 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 20 3 instead instead RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 20 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 20 5 batch batch NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 20 6 processing processing NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 20 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 21 1 Economy economy NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 21 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 21 3 elegance elegance NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 21 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 21 5 design design NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 21 6 due due JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 21 7 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 21 8 size size NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 21 9 constraints constraint NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 21 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 21 11 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5784 21 12 salvation salvation NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 21 13 through through IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 21 14 suffering suffering NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 21 15 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5784 21 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 21 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 22 1 Self self NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 22 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5784 22 3 supporting support VBG en-wikipedia-org-5784 22 4 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 22 5 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5784 22 6 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 22 7 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 22 8 software software NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 22 9 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 22 10 maintained maintain VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 22 11 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 22 12 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 22 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 23 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 23 2 whole whole JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 23 3 philosophy philosophy NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 23 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 23 5 UNIX UNIX NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 23 6 seems seem VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 23 7 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5784 23 8 stay stay VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 23 9 out out IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 23 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 23 11 assembler assembler RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 23 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 1 — — : en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 2     _SP en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 3 Michael Michael NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 4 Sean Sean NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 5 Mahoney[4 Mahoney[4 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 6 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 7 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 8 UNIX UNIX NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 9 Programming Programming NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 10 Environment[edit environment[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 11 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 12 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 13 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 14 preface preface NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 15 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 17 1984 1984 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 18 book book NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 20 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 21 UNIX UNIX NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 22 Programming Programming NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 23 Environment Environment NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 25 Brian Brian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 26 Kernighan Kernighan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 28 Rob Rob NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 29 Pike Pike NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 31 both both CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 32 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 33 Bell Bell NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 34 Labs Labs NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 36 give give VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 37 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 38 brief brief JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 39 description description NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 40 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 41 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 42 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 43 design design NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 44 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 45 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 46 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 47 philosophy:[5 philosophy:[5 NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 48 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 49 Rob Rob NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 50 Pike Pike NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 51 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 52 co co NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 53 - - NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 54 author author NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 55 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 56 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 57 UNIX UNIX NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 58 Programming Programming NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 59 Environment Environment NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 60 Even even RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 61 though though IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 62 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 63 UNIX UNIX NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 64 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 65 introduces introduce VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 66 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 67 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 68 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 69 innovative innovative JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 70 programs program NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 71 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 72 techniques technique NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 73 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 74 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 75 single single JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 76 program program NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 77 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 78 idea idea NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 79 makes make VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 80 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 81 work work VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 82 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 24 83 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 25 1 Instead instead RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 25 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 25 3 what what WP en-wikipedia-org-5784 25 4 makes make VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 25 5 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 25 6 effective effective JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 25 7 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 25 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 25 9 approach approach NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 25 10 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 25 11 programming programming NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 25 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 25 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 25 14 philosophy philosophy NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 25 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 25 16 using use VBG en-wikipedia-org-5784 25 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 25 18 computer computer NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 25 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 26 1 Although although IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 26 2 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 26 3 philosophy philosophy NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 26 4 ca can MD en-wikipedia-org-5784 26 5 n't not RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 26 6 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 26 7 written write VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 26 8 down down RP en-wikipedia-org-5784 26 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 26 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 26 11 single single JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 26 12 sentence sentence NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 26 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 26 14 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 26 15 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5784 26 16 heart heart NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 26 17 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 26 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 26 19 idea idea NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 26 20 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 26 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 26 22 power power NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 26 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 26 24 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 26 25 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 26 26 comes come VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 26 27 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-5784 26 28 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 26 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 26 30 relationships relationship NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 26 31 among among IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 26 32 programs program NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 26 33 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 26 34 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 26 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 26 36 programs program NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 26 37 themselves -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 26 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 27 1 Many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 27 2 UNIX UNIX NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 27 3 programs program NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 27 4 do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-5784 27 5 quite quite RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 27 6 trivial trivial JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 27 7 things thing NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 27 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 27 9 isolation isolation NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 27 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 27 11 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 27 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 27 13 combined combine VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 27 14 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 27 15 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 27 16 programs program NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 27 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 27 18 become become VBP en-wikipedia-org-5784 27 19 general general JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 27 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 27 21 useful useful JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 27 22 tools tool NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 27 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 28 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 28 2 authors author NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 28 3 further further RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 28 4 write write VBP en-wikipedia-org-5784 28 5 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 28 6 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5784 28 7 goal goal NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 28 8 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 28 9 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 28 10 book book NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 28 11 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 28 12 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5784 28 13 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5784 28 14 communicate communicate VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 28 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 28 16 UNIX UNIX NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 28 17 programming programming NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 28 18 philosophy philosophy NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 28 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 29 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5784 29 2 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 29 3 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 29 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 29 5 Program Program NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 29 6 Design Design NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 29 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 29 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 29 9 UNIX UNIX NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 29 10 Environment[edit environment[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 29 11 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 29 12 Brian Brian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 29 13 Kernighan Kernighan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 29 14 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 29 15 written write VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 29 16 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 29 17 length length NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 29 18 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 29 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 29 20 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 29 21 philosophy philosophy NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 29 22 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 29 23 October October NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 29 24 1984 1984 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 29 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 29 26 Brian Brian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 29 27 Kernighan Kernighan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 29 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 29 29 Rob Rob NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 29 30 Pike Pike NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 29 31 published publish VBD en-wikipedia-org-5784 29 32 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 29 33 paper paper NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 29 34 called call VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 29 35 Program Program NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 29 36 Design Design NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 29 37 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 29 38 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 29 39 UNIX UNIX NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 29 40 Environment Environment NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 29 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 2 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 3 paper paper NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 5 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 6 criticize criticize VBP en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 8 accretion accretion NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 10 program program NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 11 options option NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 13 features feature NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 14 found find VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 16 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 17 newer new JJR en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 18 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 19 systems system NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 20 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 21 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 22 4.2BSD 4.2bsd CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 24 System system NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 25 V V NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 28 explain explain VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 30 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 31 philosophy philosophy NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 32 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 33 software software NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 34 tools tool NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 36 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 37 performing perform VBG en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 38 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 39 general general JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 40 function:[6 function:[6 NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 41 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 42 Much much JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 43 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 44 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 45 power power NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 46 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 47 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 48 UNIX UNIX NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 49 operating operating NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 50 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 51 comes come VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 52 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 53 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 54 style style NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 55 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 56 program program NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 57 design design NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 58 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 59 makes make VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 60 programs program NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 61 easy easy JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 62 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 63 use use VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 64 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 65 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 66 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 67 important important JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 68 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 69 easy easy JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 70 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 71 combine combine VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 72 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 73 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 74 programs program NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 30 75 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 31 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 31 2 style style NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 31 3 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 31 4 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 31 5 called call VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 31 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 31 7 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 31 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 31 9 software software NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 31 10 tools tool NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 31 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 31 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 31 13 depends depend VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 31 14 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-5784 31 15 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 31 16 how how WRB en-wikipedia-org-5784 31 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 31 18 programs program NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 31 19 fit fit VBP en-wikipedia-org-5784 31 20 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 31 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 31 22 programming programming NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 31 23 environment environment NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 31 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 31 25 how how WRB en-wikipedia-org-5784 31 26 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 31 27 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-5784 31 28 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 31 29 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 31 30 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 31 31 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 31 32 programs program NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 31 33 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 31 34 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 31 35 how how WRB en-wikipedia-org-5784 31 36 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 31 37 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5784 31 38 designed design VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 31 39 internally internally RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 31 40 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 2 ... ... NFP en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 4 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 5 style style NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 6 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 7 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 8 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 10 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 12 tools tool NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 13 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 14 using use VBG en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 15 programs program NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 16 separately separately RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 17 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 19 combination combination NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 20 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 21 get get VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 22 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 23 job job NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 24 done do VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 26 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 27 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 28 doing do VBG en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 29 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 30 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 31 hand hand NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 33 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 34 monolithic monolithic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 35 self self NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 36 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 37 sufficient sufficient JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 38 subsystems subsystem NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 40 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 41 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 42 special special JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 43 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 44 purpose purpose NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 45 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 46 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 47 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 48 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 49 programs program NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 32 50 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 33 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 33 2 authors author NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 33 3 contrast contrast NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 33 4 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 33 5 tools tool NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 33 6 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 33 7 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 33 8 cat cat NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 33 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 33 10 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 33 11 larger large JJR en-wikipedia-org-5784 33 12 program program NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 33 13 suites suite NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 33 14 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 33 15 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 33 16 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 33 17 systems system NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 33 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 34 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 34 2 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 34 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 34 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 34 5 design design NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 34 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 34 7 cat cat NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 34 8 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 34 9 typical typical JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 34 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 34 11 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-5784 34 12 UNIX UNIX NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 34 13 programs program NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 34 14 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5784 34 15 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 34 16 implements implement VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 34 17 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 34 18 simple simple JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 34 19 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 34 20 general general JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 34 21 function function NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 34 22 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5784 34 23 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-5784 34 24 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 34 25 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 34 26 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 34 27 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 34 28 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 34 29 applications application NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 34 30 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 34 31 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-5784 34 32 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 34 33 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 34 34 envisioned envision VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 34 35 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 34 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 34 37 original original JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 34 38 author author NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 34 39 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 34 40 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 35 1 Other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 35 2 commands command NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 35 3 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5784 35 4 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 35 5 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 35 6 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 35 7 functions function NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 35 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 36 1 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 36 2 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 36 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 36 4 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-5784 36 5 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5784 36 6 separate separate JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 36 7 commands command NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 36 8 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 36 9 file file NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 36 10 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 36 11 tasks task NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 36 12 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 36 13 renaming rename VBG en-wikipedia-org-5784 36 14 files file NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 36 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 36 16 deleting delete VBG en-wikipedia-org-5784 36 17 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 36 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 36 19 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 36 20 telling tell VBG en-wikipedia-org-5784 36 21 how how WRB en-wikipedia-org-5784 36 22 big big JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 36 23 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 36 24 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5784 36 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 37 1 Other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 37 2 systems system NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 37 3 instead instead RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 37 4 lump lump VBP en-wikipedia-org-5784 37 5 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 37 6 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 37 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 37 8 single single JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 37 9 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5784 37 10 file file NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 37 11 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 37 12 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5784 37 13 command command NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 37 14 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 37 15 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 37 16 internal internal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 37 17 structure structure NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 37 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 37 19 command command NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 37 20 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 37 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 37 22 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5784 37 23 own own JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 37 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 38 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 38 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 38 3 PIP PIP NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 38 4 file file NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 38 5 copy copy NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 38 6 program program NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 38 7 found find VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 38 8 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 38 9 operating operate VBG en-wikipedia-org-5784 38 10 systems system NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 38 11 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 38 12 CP CP NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 38 13 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5784 38 14 M M NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 38 15 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 38 16 RSX-11 RSX-11 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 38 17 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 38 18 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 38 19 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 38 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 38 21 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 39 1 That that DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 39 2 approach approach NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 39 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 39 4 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 39 5 necessarily necessarily RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 39 6 worse bad JJR en-wikipedia-org-5784 39 7 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 39 8 better well RBR en-wikipedia-org-5784 39 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 39 10 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 39 11 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 39 12 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 39 13 certainly certainly RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 39 14 against against IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 39 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 39 16 UNIX UNIX NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 39 17 philosophy philosophy NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 39 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 1 Doug Doug NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 2 McIlroy McIlroy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 3 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 4 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 5 programming[edit programming[edit NFP en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 6 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 7 Doug Doug NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 8 McIlroy McIlroy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 10 left leave VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 12 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 13 Dennis Dennis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 14 Ritchie Ritchie NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 15 McIlroy McIlroy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 17 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 18 head head NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 21 Bell Bell NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 22 Labs Labs NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 23 Computing Computing NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 24 Sciences Sciences NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 25 Research Research NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 26 Center Center NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 29 inventor inventor NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 32 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 33 pipe,[7 pipe,[7 NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 34 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 35 summarized summarize VBD en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 37 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 38 philosophy philosophy NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 39 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 40 follows:[1 follows:[1 NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 41 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 42 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 43 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 44 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 45 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 46 philosophy philosophy NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 47 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 48 Write write VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 49 programs program NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 50 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 51 do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 52 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 53 thing thing NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 54 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 55 do do VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 56 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 57 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 40 58 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 41 1 Write write VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 41 2 programs program NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 41 3 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5784 41 4 work work VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 41 5 together together RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 41 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 42 1 Write write VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 42 2 programs program NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 42 3 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5784 42 4 handle handle VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 42 5 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 42 6 streams stream NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 42 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 42 8 because because IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 42 9 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 42 10 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 42 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 42 12 universal universal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 42 13 interface interface NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 42 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 43 1 Beyond beyond IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 43 2 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 43 3 statements statement NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 43 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 43 5 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 43 6 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 43 7 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 43 8 emphasized emphasize VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 43 9 simplicity simplicity NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 43 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 43 11 minimalism minimalism NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 43 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 43 13 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 43 14 programming:[1 programming:[1 VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 43 15 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 43 16 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 43 17 notion notion NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 43 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 43 19 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5784 43 20 intricate intricate JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 43 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 43 22 beautiful beautiful JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 43 23 complexities complexity NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 43 24 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5784 43 25 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 43 26 almost almost RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 43 27 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 43 28 oxymoron oxymoron NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 43 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 44 1 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 44 2 programmers programmer NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 44 3 vie vie NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 44 4 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 44 5 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 44 6 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 44 7 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 44 8 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5784 44 9 simple simple JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 44 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 44 11 beautiful beautiful JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 44 12 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5784 44 13 honors honor NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 44 14   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5784 44 15 — — : en-wikipedia-org-5784 44 16 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 44 17 point point NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 44 18 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5784 44 19 's be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 44 20 implicit implicit JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 44 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 44 22 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 44 23 rules rule NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 44 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 44 25 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 44 26 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 44 27 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 44 28 worth worth JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 44 29 making make VBG en-wikipedia-org-5784 44 30 overt overt NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 44 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 45 1 Conversely conversely RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 45 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 45 3 McIlroy McIlroy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 45 4 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 45 5 criticized criticize VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 45 6 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 45 7 Linux Linux NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 45 8 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 45 9 having have VBG en-wikipedia-org-5784 45 10 software software NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 45 11 bloat bloat NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 45 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 45 13 remarking remark VBG en-wikipedia-org-5784 45 14 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 45 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 45 16 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5784 45 17 adoring adore VBG en-wikipedia-org-5784 45 18 admirers admirer NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 45 19 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-5784 45 20 fed feed VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 45 21 Linux Linux NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 45 22 goodies goody NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 45 23 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 45 24 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 45 25 disheartening disheartening JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 45 26 state state NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 45 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 45 28 obesity obesity NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 45 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 46 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5784 46 2 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 46 3 8 8 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 46 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 46 5 He -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 46 6 contrasts contrast VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 46 7 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 46 8 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 46 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 46 10 earlier early JJR en-wikipedia-org-5784 46 11 approach approach NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 46 12 taken take VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 46 13 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 46 14 Bell Bell NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 46 15 Labs Labs NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5784 46 16 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-5784 46 17 developing develop VBG en-wikipedia-org-5784 46 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 46 19 revising revise VBG en-wikipedia-org-5784 46 20 Research Research NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 46 21 Unix:[9 Unix:[9 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 46 22 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 46 23 Everything everything NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 46 24 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5784 46 25 small small JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 46 26 ... ... NFP en-wikipedia-org-5784 46 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 46 28 my -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5784 46 29 heart heart NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 46 30 sinks sink VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 46 31 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 46 32 Linux Linux NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 46 33 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-5784 46 34 I -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 46 35 see see VBP en-wikipedia-org-5784 46 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 46 37 size size NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 46 38 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 46 39 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 46 40 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 47 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 47 2 ... ... NFP en-wikipedia-org-5784 47 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 47 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 47 5 manual manual JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 47 6 page page NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 47 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 47 8 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5784 47 9 really really RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 47 10 used use VBD en-wikipedia-org-5784 47 11 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5784 47 12 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 47 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 47 14 manual manual JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 47 15 page page NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 47 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 47 17 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 47 18 now now RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 47 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 47 20 small small JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 47 21 volume volume NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 47 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 47 23 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 47 24 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 47 25 thousand thousand CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 47 26 options option NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 47 27 ... ... . en-wikipedia-org-5784 47 28 We -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 47 29 used use VBD en-wikipedia-org-5784 47 30 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5784 47 31 sit sit VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 47 32 around around RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 47 33 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 47 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 47 35 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 47 36 Room Room NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 47 37 saying say VBG en-wikipedia-org-5784 47 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 47 39 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-5784 47 40 What what WP en-wikipedia-org-5784 47 41 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-5784 47 42 we -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 47 43 throw throw VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 47 44 out out RP en-wikipedia-org-5784 47 45 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-5784 48 1 Why why WRB en-wikipedia-org-5784 48 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 48 3 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-5784 48 4 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 48 5 option option NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 48 6 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-5784 48 7 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-5784 49 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 49 2 's be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 49 3 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 49 4 because because IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 49 5 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-5784 49 6 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 49 7 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 49 8 deficiency deficiency NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 49 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 49 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 49 11 basic basic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 49 12 design design NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 49 13   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5784 49 14 — — : en-wikipedia-org-5784 49 15 you -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 49 16 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-5784 49 17 n't not RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 49 18 really really RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 49 19 hit hit VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 49 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 49 21 right right JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 49 22 design design NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 49 23 point point NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 49 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 50 1 Instead instead RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 50 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 50 3 adding add VBG en-wikipedia-org-5784 50 4 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 50 5 option option NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 50 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 50 7 think think VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 50 8 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 50 9 what what WP en-wikipedia-org-5784 50 10 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5784 50 11 forcing force VBG en-wikipedia-org-5784 50 12 you -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 50 13 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5784 50 14 add add VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 50 15 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 50 16 option option NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 50 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 51 1 Do do VBP en-wikipedia-org-5784 51 2 One one CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 51 3 Thing thing NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 51 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 51 5 Do do VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 51 6 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 51 7 Well[edit Well[edit . en-wikipedia-org-5784 51 8 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 51 9 As as IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 51 10 stated state VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 51 11 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 51 12 McIlroy McIlroy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 51 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 51 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 51 15 generally generally RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 51 16 accepted accept VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 51 17 throughout throughout IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 51 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 51 19 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 51 20 community community NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 51 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 51 22 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 51 23 programs program NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 51 24 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-5784 51 25 always always RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 51 26 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 51 27 expected expect VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 51 28 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5784 51 29 follow follow VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 51 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 51 31 concept concept NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 51 32 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 51 33 DOTADIW dotadiw NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 51 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 51 35 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 51 36 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5784 51 37 Do do VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 51 38 One one CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 51 39 Thing thing NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 51 40 And and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 51 41 Do do VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 51 42 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 51 43 Well well UH en-wikipedia-org-5784 51 44 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 51 45 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5784 52 1 There there EX en-wikipedia-org-5784 52 2 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5784 52 3 limited limited JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 52 4 sources source NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 52 5 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 52 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 52 7 acronym acronym NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 52 8 DOTADIW dotadiw NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 52 9 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 52 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 52 11 Internet internet NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 52 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 52 13 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 52 14 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 52 15 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 52 16 discussed discuss VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 52 17 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 52 18 length length NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 52 19 during during IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 52 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 52 21 development development NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 52 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 52 23 packaging packaging NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 52 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 52 25 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 52 26 operating operating NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 52 27 systems system NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 52 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 52 29 especially especially RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 52 30 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 52 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 52 32 Linux Linux NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 52 33 community community NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 52 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 1 Patrick Patrick NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 2 Volkerding Volkerding NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 5 project project NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 6 lead lead NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 8 Slackware Slackware NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 9 Linux Linux NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 11 invoked invoke VBD en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 12 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 13 design design NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 14 principle principle NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 16 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 17 criticism criticism NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 20 systemd systemd NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 21 architecture architecture NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 23 stating state VBG en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 24 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 26 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 27 attempting attempt VBG en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 28 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 29 control control VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 30 services service NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 32 sockets socket NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 34 devices device NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 36 mounts mount NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 38 etc etc FW en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 39 . . FW en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 41 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 42 within within IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 43 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 44 daemon daemon NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 45 flies fly VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 46 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 47 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 48 face face NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 49 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 50 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 51 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 52 concept concept NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 53 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 54 doing do VBG en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 55 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 56 thing thing NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 57 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 58 doing do VBG en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 59 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 60 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 53 61 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 2 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 3 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 5 Eric Eric NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 6 Raymond Raymond NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 7 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 8 17 17 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 9 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 10 Rules[edit rules[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 11 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 12 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 13 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 14 book book NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 15 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 16 Art Art NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 18 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 19 Programming Programming NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 20 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 21 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 22 first first RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 23 published publish VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 24 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 25 2003,[11 2003,[11 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 26 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 27 Eric Eric NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 28 S. S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 29 Raymond Raymond NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 31 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 32 American american JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 33 programmer programmer NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 34 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 35 open open JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 36 source source NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 37 advocate advocate NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 39 summarizes summarize VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 40 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 41 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 42 philosophy philosophy NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 43 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 44 KISS KISS NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 45 Principle Principle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 46 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 47 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 48 Keep keep VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 49 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 50 Simple simple JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 51 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 52 Stupid stupid JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 54 53 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 2 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 3 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 5 He -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 6 provides provide VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 8 series series NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 10 design design NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 11 rules:[1 rules:[1 ADD en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 12 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 13 Build build VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 14 modular modular JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 15 programs program NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 16 Write write VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 17 readable readable JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 18 programs program NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 19 Use use VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 20 composition composition NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 21 Separate separate JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 22 mechanisms mechanism NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 23 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 24 policy policy NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 25 Write write VBP en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 26 simple simple JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 27 programs program NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 28 Write write VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 29 small small JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 30 programs program NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 31 Write write VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 32 transparent transparent JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 33 programs program NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 34 Write write VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 35 robust robust JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 36 programs program NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 37 Make make VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 38 data datum NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 39 complicated complicate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 40 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 41 required require VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 42 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 43 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 44 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 45 program program NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 46 Build build VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 47 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 48 potential potential JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 49 users user NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 50 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 51 expected expect VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 52 knowledge knowledge NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 53 Avoid avoid JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 54 unnecessary unnecessary JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 55 output output NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 56 Write Write NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 57 programs program NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 58 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 59 fail fail VBP en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 60 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 61 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 62 way way NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 63 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 64 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 65 easy easy JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 66 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 67 diagnose diagnose VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 68 Value Value NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 69 developer developer NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 70 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 71 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 72 machine machine NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 73 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 74 Write write VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 75 abstract abstract JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 76 programs program NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 77 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 78 generate generate VBP en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 79 code code NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 80 instead instead RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 81 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 82 writing write VBG en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 83 code code NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 84 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 85 hand hand NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 86 Prototype Prototype NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 87 software software NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 88 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 89 polishing polish VBG en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 90 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 91 Write write VBP en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 92 flexible flexible JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 93 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 94 open open JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 95 programs program NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 96 Make make VBP en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 97 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 98 program program NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 99 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 100 protocols protocol NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 101 extensible extensible JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 55 102 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 1 Mike Mike NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 2 Gancarz Gancarz NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 5 UNIX UNIX NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 6 Philosophy[edit philosophy[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 7 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 8 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 9 1994 1994 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 11 Mike Mike NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 12 Gancarz Gancarz NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 15 member member NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 18 team team NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 19 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 20 designed design VBD en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 22 X X NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 23 Window Window NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 24 System System NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 25 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 27 drew draw VBD en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 28 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 29 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 30 own own JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 31 experience experience NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 32 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 33 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 35 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 36 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 37 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 38 discussions discussion NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 39 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 40 fellow fellow JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 41 programmers programmer NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 42 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 43 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 44 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 45 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 46 fields field NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 47 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 48 depended depend VBD en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 49 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 50 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 51 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 52 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 53 produce produce VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 54 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 55 UNIX UNIX NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 56 Philosophy Philosophy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 57 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 58 sums sum VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 59 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 60 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 61 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 62 nine nine CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 63 paramount paramount JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 64 precepts precept NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 65 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 66 Small small JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 67 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 68 beautiful beautiful JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 56 69 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 57 1 Make make VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 57 2 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 57 3 program program NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 57 4 do do VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 57 5 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 57 6 thing thing NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 57 7 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 57 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 58 1 Build build VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 58 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 58 3 prototype prototype NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 58 4 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 58 5 soon soon RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 58 6 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 58 7 possible possible JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 58 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 59 1 Choose choose VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 59 2 portability portability NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 59 3 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 59 4 efficiency efficiency NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 59 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 60 1 Store store NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 60 2 data datum NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 60 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 60 4 flat flat JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 60 5 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 60 6 files file NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 60 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 61 1 Use use JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 61 2 software software NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 61 3 leverage leverage NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 61 4 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 61 5 your -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5784 61 6 advantage advantage NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 61 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 62 1 Use use VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 62 2 shell shell NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 62 3 scripts script VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 62 4 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5784 62 5 increase increase VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 62 6 leverage leverage NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 62 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 62 8 portability portability NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 62 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 63 1 Avoid avoid VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 63 2 captive captive JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 63 3 user user NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 63 4 interfaces interface NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 63 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 64 1 Make make VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 64 2 every every DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 64 3 program program NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 64 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 64 5 filter filter NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 64 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 2 Worse bad JJR en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 4 better"[edit better"[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 6 Main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 7 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 8 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 9 Worse bad JJR en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 10 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 11 better well JJR en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 12 Richard Richard NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 13 P. P. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 14 Gabriel Gabriel NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 15 suggests suggest VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 16 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 17 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 18 key key JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 19 advantage advantage NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 21 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 22 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 23 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 24 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 25 embodied embody VBD en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 26 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 27 design design NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 28 philosophy philosophy NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 29 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 30 termed term VBD en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 31 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 32 worse bad JJR en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 33 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 34 better well JJR en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 35 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 37 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 38 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 39 simplicity simplicity NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 40 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 41 both both CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 42 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 43 interface interface NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 44 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 45 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 46 implementation implementation NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 47 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 48 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 49 important important JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 50 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 51 any any DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 52 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 53 attributes attribute NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 54 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 55 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 56 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 57 — — : en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 58 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 59 correctness correctness NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 60 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 61 consistency consistency NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 62 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 63 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 64 completeness completeness JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 65 65 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 66 1 Gabriel Gabriel NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 66 2 argues argue VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 66 3 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 66 4 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 66 5 design design NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 66 6 style style NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 66 7 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 66 8 key key JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 66 9 evolutionary evolutionary JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 66 10 advantages advantage NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 66 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 66 12 though though IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 66 13 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 66 14 questions question VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 66 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 66 16 quality quality NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 66 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 66 18 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 66 19 results result NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 66 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 67 1 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 67 2 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 67 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 67 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 67 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 67 6 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 67 7 days day NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 67 8 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 67 9 used use VBD en-wikipedia-org-5784 67 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 67 11 monolithic monolithic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 67 12 kernel kernel NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 67 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 67 14 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-5784 67 15 means mean VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 67 16 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 67 17 user user NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 67 18 processes process NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 67 19 carried carry VBD en-wikipedia-org-5784 67 20 out out RP en-wikipedia-org-5784 67 21 kernel kernel NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 67 22 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 67 23 calls call VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 67 24 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 67 25 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 67 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 67 27 user user NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 67 28 stack stack NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 67 29 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 67 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 68 1 If if IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 68 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 68 3 signal signal NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 68 4 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5784 68 5 delivered deliver VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 68 6 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 68 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 68 8 process process NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 68 9 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 68 10 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 68 11 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5784 68 12 blocked block VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 68 13 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 68 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 68 15 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 68 16 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5784 68 17 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 68 18 I i NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 68 19 / / , en-wikipedia-org-5784 68 20 O o UH en-wikipedia-org-5784 68 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 68 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 68 23 kernel kernel NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 68 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 68 25 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 68 26 what what WP en-wikipedia-org-5784 68 27 should should MD en-wikipedia-org-5784 68 28 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 68 29 done do VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 68 30 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-5784 69 1 Should Should MD en-wikipedia-org-5784 69 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 69 3 signal signal NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 69 4 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 69 5 delayed delay VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 69 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 69 7 possibly possibly RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 69 8 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 69 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 69 10 long long JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 69 11 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 69 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 69 13 maybe maybe RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 69 14 indefinitely indefinitely RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 69 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 69 16 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 69 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 69 18 I I NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 69 19 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5784 69 20 O o UH en-wikipedia-org-5784 69 21 completed complete VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 69 22 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-5784 70 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 70 2 signal signal NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 70 3 handler handler NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 70 4 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-5784 70 5 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 70 6 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 70 7 executed execute VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 70 8 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-5784 70 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 70 10 process process NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 70 11 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5784 70 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 70 13 kernel kernel NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 70 14 mode mode NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 70 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 70 16 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 70 17 sensitive sensitive JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 70 18 kernel kernel NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 70 19 data datum NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 70 20 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 70 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 70 22 stack stack NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 70 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 71 1 Should Should MD en-wikipedia-org-5784 71 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 71 3 kernel kernel NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 71 4 back back RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 71 5 - - : en-wikipedia-org-5784 71 6 out out RP en-wikipedia-org-5784 71 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 71 8 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 71 9 call call NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 71 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 71 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 71 12 store store VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 71 13 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 71 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 71 15 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 71 16 replay replay NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 71 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 71 18 restart restart NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 71 19 later later RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 71 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 71 21 assuming assume VBG en-wikipedia-org-5784 71 22 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 71 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 71 24 signal signal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 71 25 handler handler NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 71 26 completes complete VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 71 27 successfully successfully RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 71 28 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-5784 72 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 72 2 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 72 3 cases case NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 72 4 Ken Ken NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 72 5 Thompson Thompson NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 72 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 72 7 Dennis Dennis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 72 8 Ritchie Ritchie NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 72 9 favored favor VBD en-wikipedia-org-5784 72 10 simplicity simplicity NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 72 11 over over IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 72 12 perfection perfection NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 72 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 73 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 73 2 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 73 3 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 73 4 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-5784 73 5 occasionally occasionally RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 73 6 return return VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 73 7 early early RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 73 8 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 73 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 73 10 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 73 11 call call NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 73 12 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 73 13 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 73 14 error error NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 73 15 stating state VBG en-wikipedia-org-5784 73 16 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 73 17 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 73 18 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5784 73 19 done do VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 73 20 nothing nothing NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 73 21 — — : en-wikipedia-org-5784 73 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 73 23 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5784 73 24 Interrupted interrupted JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 73 25 System System NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 73 26 Call Call NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 73 27 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5784 73 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 73 29 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 73 30 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 73 31 error error NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 73 32 number number NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 73 33 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 73 34 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 73 35 EINTR eintr NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 73 36 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 73 37 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 73 38 today today NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 73 39 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5784 73 40 systems system NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 73 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 74 1 Of of RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 74 2 course course RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 74 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 74 4 call call NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 74 5 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-5784 74 6 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 74 7 aborted abort VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 74 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 74 9 order order NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 74 10 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5784 74 11 call call VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 74 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 74 13 signal signal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 74 14 handler handler NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 74 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 75 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 75 2 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-5784 75 3 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 75 4 happen happen VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 75 5 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 75 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 75 7 handful handful NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 75 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 75 9 long long RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 75 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5784 75 11 running run VBG en-wikipedia-org-5784 75 12 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 75 13 calls call VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 75 14 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 75 15 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 75 16 read read NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 75 17 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 75 18 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 75 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 75 20 write write VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 75 21 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 75 22 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 75 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 75 24 open open JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 75 25 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 75 26 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 75 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 75 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 75 29 select select VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 75 30 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 75 31 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 75 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 76 1 On on IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 76 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 76 3 plus plus JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 76 4 side side NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 76 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 76 6 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 76 7 made make VBD en-wikipedia-org-5784 76 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 76 9 I i NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 76 10 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5784 76 11 O o UH en-wikipedia-org-5784 76 12 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 76 13 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 76 14 times time NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 76 15 simpler simple JJR en-wikipedia-org-5784 76 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5784 76 17 design design VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 76 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 76 19 understand understand VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 76 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 77 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 77 2 vast vast JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 77 3 majority majority NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 77 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 77 5 user user NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 77 6 programs program NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 77 7 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5784 77 8 never never RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 77 9 affected affect VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 77 10 because because IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 77 11 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 77 12 did do VBD en-wikipedia-org-5784 77 13 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 77 14 handle handle VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 77 15 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 77 16 experience experience VBP en-wikipedia-org-5784 77 17 signals signal NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 77 18 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 77 19 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 77 20 SIGINT SIGINT NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 77 21 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 77 22 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-5784 77 23 die die VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 77 24 right right RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 77 25 away away RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 77 26 if if IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 77 27 one one PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 77 28 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5784 77 29 raised raise VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 77 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 78 1 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 78 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 78 3 few few JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 78 4 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 78 5 programs program NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 78 6 — — : en-wikipedia-org-5784 78 7 things thing NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 78 8 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 78 9 shells shell NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 78 10 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 78 11 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 78 12 editors editor NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 78 13 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5784 78 14 respond respond VBP en-wikipedia-org-5784 78 15 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 78 16 job job NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 78 17 control control NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 78 18 key key JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 78 19 presses press NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 78 20 — — : en-wikipedia-org-5784 78 21 small small JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 78 22 wrappers wrapper NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 78 23 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-5784 78 24 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 78 25 added add VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 78 26 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 78 27 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 78 28 calls call NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 78 29 so so IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 78 30 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 78 31 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5784 78 32 retry retry VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 78 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 78 34 call call NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 78 35 right right RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 78 36 away away RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 78 37 if if IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 78 38 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 78 39 EINTR eintr NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 78 40 error error NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 78 41 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5784 78 42 raised raise VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 78 43 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 79 1 Thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 79 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 79 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 79 4 problem problem NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 79 5 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5784 79 6 solved solve VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 79 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 79 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 79 9 simple simple JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 79 10 manner manner NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 79 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 80 1 Criticism[edit criticism[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-5784 80 2 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 80 3 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 80 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 80 5 1981 1981 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 80 6 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 80 7 entitled entitle VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 80 8 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5784 80 9 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 80 10 truth truth NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 80 11 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 80 12 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 80 13 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5784 80 14 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 80 15 user user NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 80 16 interface interface NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 80 17 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 80 18 horrid"[13 horrid"[13 NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 80 19 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 80 20 published publish VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 80 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 80 22 Datamation Datamation NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 80 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 80 24 Don Don NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 80 25 Norman Norman NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 80 26 criticized criticize VBD en-wikipedia-org-5784 80 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 80 28 design design NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 80 29 philosophy philosophy NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 80 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 80 31 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 80 32 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 80 33 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5784 80 34 lack lack NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 80 35 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 80 36 concern concern NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 80 37 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 80 38 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 80 39 user user NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 80 40 interface interface NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 80 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 1 Writing write VBG en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 3 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 4 background background NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 6 cognitive cognitive JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 7 science science NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 9 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 11 perspective perspective NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 14 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 15 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 16 current current JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 17 philosophy philosophy NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 19 cognitive cognitive NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 20 engineering,[4 engineering,[4 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 21 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 22 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 23 focused focus VBD en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 24 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 25 how how WRB en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 26 end end NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 27 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 28 users user NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 29 comprehend comprehend VBP en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 31 form form VBP en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 32 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 33 personal personal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 34 cognitive cognitive JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 35 model model NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 36 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 37 systems system NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 38 — — : en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 39 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 41 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 42 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 43 case case NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 44 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 45 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 46 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 47 fail fail VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 48 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 49 understand understand VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 50 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 51 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 52 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 53 result result NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 54 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 55 disastrous disastrous JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 56 mistakes mistake NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 57 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 58 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 59 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 60 losing lose VBG en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 61 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 62 hour hour NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 63 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 64 worth worth NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 65 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 66 work work NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 67 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 68 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 69 all all RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 70 too too RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 71 easy easy JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 81 72 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 82 1 See see VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 82 2 also[edit also[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-5784 82 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 82 4 Cognitive Cognitive NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 82 5 engineering engineering NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 82 6 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 82 7 architecture architecture NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 82 8 Minimalism Minimalism NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 82 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 82 10 computing compute VBG en-wikipedia-org-5784 82 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 82 12 Software software NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 82 13 engineering engineering NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 82 14 KISS KISS NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 82 15 principle principle NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 82 16 Hacker Hacker NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 82 17 ethic ethic JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 82 18 List list NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 82 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 82 20 software software NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 82 21 development development NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 82 22 philosophies philosophie VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 82 23 Everything everything NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 82 24 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 82 25 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 82 26 file file NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 82 27 Worse bad JJR en-wikipedia-org-5784 82 28 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 82 29 better well JJR en-wikipedia-org-5784 82 30 Notes[edit Notes[edit . en-wikipedia-org-5784 82 31 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 82 32 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-5784 82 33 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 82 34 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 82 35 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 82 36 d d NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 82 37 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 82 38 Raymond Raymond NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 82 39 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 82 40 Eric Eric NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 82 41 S. S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 82 42 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 82 43 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 82 44 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 82 45 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 83 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5784 83 2 Basics basic NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 83 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 83 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 83 5 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 83 6 Philosophy Philosophy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 83 7 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5784 83 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 84 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 84 2 Art Art NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 84 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 84 4 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 84 5 Programming Programming NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 84 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 85 1 Addison Addison NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 85 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5784 85 3 Wesley Wesley NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 85 4 Professional Professional NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 85 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 85 6 published publish VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 85 7 2003 2003 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 85 8 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5784 85 9 09 09 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 85 10 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5784 85 11 23 23 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 85 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 85 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 86 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 86 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5784 86 3 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 86 4 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5784 86 5 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 86 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5784 86 7 142901 142901 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 86 8 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5784 86 9 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 86 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 87 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 87 2 2016 2016 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 87 3 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5784 87 4 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 87 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5784 87 6 01 01 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 87 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 88 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 88 2 Doug Doug NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 88 3 McIlroy McIlroy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 88 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 88 5 E. E. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 88 6 N. N. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 88 7 Pinson Pinson NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 88 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 88 9 B. B. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 89 1 A. A. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 89 2 Tague Tague NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 89 3 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 89 4 8 8 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 89 5 July July NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 89 6 1978 1978 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 89 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 89 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 90 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5784 90 2 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 90 3 Time Time NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 90 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5784 90 5 Sharing Sharing NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 90 6 System System NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 90 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5784 90 8 Foreword Foreword NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 90 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5784 90 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 91 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 91 2 Bell Bell NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 91 3 System System NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 91 4 Technical Technical NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 91 5 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 91 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 1 Bell Bell NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 2 Laboratories Laboratories NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 4 1902–1903.CS1 1902–1903.cs1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 5 maint maint NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 7 multiple multiple JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 8 names name NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 9 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 10 authors author NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 11 list list NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 12 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 13 link link NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 14 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 15 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 16 Dennis Dennis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 17 Ritchie Ritchie NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 18 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 19 Ken Ken NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 20 Thompson Thompson NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 21 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 22 1974 1974 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 23 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 25 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 26 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 27 UNIX UNIX NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 28 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 29 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 30 sharing share VBG en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 31 system system NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 32 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 33 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 34 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 35 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 37 Communications Communications NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 38 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 39 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 40 ACM ACM NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 41 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 42 17 17 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 43 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 44 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 45 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 46 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 47 365–375 365–375 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 48 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 49 doi:10.1145/361011.361061 doi:10.1145/361011.361061 XX en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 50 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 51 S2CID S2CID NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 52   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 53 53235982 53235982 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 54 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 55 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 56 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 57 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 58 An An NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 59 Oral Oral NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 60 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 61 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 62 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 63 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5784 92 64 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 93 1 Princeton Princeton NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 93 2 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 93 3 History History NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 93 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 93 5 Science Science NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 93 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 94 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 94 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 94 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 94 4 Kernighan Kernighan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 94 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 94 6 Brian Brian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 94 7 W. W. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 94 8 Pike Pike NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 94 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 94 10 Rob Rob NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 94 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 95 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 95 2 UNIX UNIX NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 95 3 Programming Programming NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 95 4 Environment Environment NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 95 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 96 1 1984 1984 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 96 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 96 3 viii viii NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 96 4 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 96 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 96 6 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 96 7 Rob Rob NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 96 8 Pike Pike NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 96 9 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-5784 96 10 Brian Brian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 96 11 W. W. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 96 12 Kernighan Kernighan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 96 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 96 14 October October NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 96 15 1984 1984 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 96 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 96 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 97 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5784 97 2 Program Program NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 97 3 Design Design NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 97 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 97 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 97 6 UNIX UNIX NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 97 7 Environment Environment NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 97 8 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5784 97 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 97 10 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 97 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 97 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 98 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 98 2 Dennis Dennis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 98 3 Ritchie Ritchie NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 98 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 98 5 1984 1984 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 98 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 98 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 98 8 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5784 98 9 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 98 10 Evolution Evolution NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 98 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 98 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 98 13 UNIX UNIX NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 98 14 Time Time NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 98 15 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5784 98 16 Sharing Sharing NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 98 17 System System NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 98 18 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5784 98 19 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 98 20 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 98 21 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 98 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 98 23 AT&T AT&T NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 98 24 Bell Bell NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 98 25 Laboratories Laboratories NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5784 98 26 Technical Technical NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 98 27 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 98 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 98 29 63 63 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 98 30 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 98 31 8) 8) CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 98 32 : : SYM en-wikipedia-org-5784 98 33 1577–1593 1577–1593 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 98 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 98 35 doi:10.1002 doi:10.1002 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 98 36 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5784 98 37 j.1538 j.1538 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 98 38 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5784 98 39 7305.1984.tb00054.x 7305.1984.tb00054.x NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 98 40 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 98 41 Douglas Douglas NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 98 42 McIlroy McIlroy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 98 43 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 99 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5784 99 2 Remarks remark NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 99 3 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 99 4 Japan Japan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 99 5 Prize Prize NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 99 6 award award NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 99 7 ceremony ceremony NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 99 8 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 99 9 Dennis Dennis NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 99 10 Ritchie Ritchie NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 99 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 99 12 May May NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 99 13 19 19 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 99 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 99 15 2011 2011 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 99 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 99 17 Murray Murray NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 99 18 Hill Hill NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 99 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 99 20 NJ NJ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 99 21 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5784 99 22 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 99 23 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 99 24 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 99 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 100 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 100 2 2014 2014 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 100 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5784 100 4 06 06 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 100 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5784 100 6 19 19 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 100 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 101 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 101 2 Bill Bill NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 101 3 McGonigle McGonigle NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 101 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 102 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5784 102 2 Ancestry Ancestry NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 102 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 102 4 Linux Linux NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 102 5   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5784 102 6 — — : en-wikipedia-org-5784 102 7 How how WRB en-wikipedia-org-5784 102 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 102 9 Fun Fun NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 102 10 Began Began NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 102 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 102 12 2005 2005 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 102 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 102 14 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5784 102 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 103 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 103 2 2014 2014 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 103 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5784 103 4 06 06 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 103 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5784 103 6 19 19 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 103 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 104 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-5784 104 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5784 104 3 Interview interview NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 104 4 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 104 5 Patrick Patrick NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 104 6 Volkerding Volkerding NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 104 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 104 8 Slackware Slackware NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 104 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5784 104 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 105 1 linuxquestions.org linuxquestions.org NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 105 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 106 1 2012 2012 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 106 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5784 106 3 06 06 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 106 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5784 106 5 07 07 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 106 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 107 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 107 2 2015 2015 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 107 3 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5784 107 4 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 107 5 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5784 107 6 24 24 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 107 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 108 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 108 2 Raymond Raymond NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 108 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 108 4 Eric Eric NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 108 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 108 6 2003 2003 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 108 7 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5784 108 8 09 09 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 108 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5784 108 10 19 19 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 108 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 108 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 109 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 109 2 Art Art NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 109 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 109 4 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 109 5 Programming Programming NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 109 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 110 1 Addison Addison NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 110 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5784 110 3 Wesley Wesley NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 110 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 111 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 111 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5784 111 3 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 111 4 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5784 111 5 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 111 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5784 111 7 142901 142901 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 111 8 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5784 111 9 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 111 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 112 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 112 2 2009 2009 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 112 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5784 112 4 02 02 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 112 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5784 112 6 09 09 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 112 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 113 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 113 2 Raymond Raymond NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 113 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 113 4 Eric Eric NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 113 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 113 6 2003 2003 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 113 7 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5784 113 8 09 09 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 113 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5784 113 10 19 19 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 113 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 113 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 114 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5784 114 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 114 3 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 114 4 Philosophy Philosophy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 114 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 114 6 One one CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 114 7 Lesson Lesson NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 114 8 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5784 114 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 115 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 115 2 Art Art NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 115 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 115 4 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 115 5 Programming Programming NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 115 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 116 1 Addison Addison NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 116 2 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5784 116 3 Wesley Wesley NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 116 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 117 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 117 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5784 117 3 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 117 4 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5784 117 5 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 117 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5784 117 7 142901 142901 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 117 8 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5784 117 9 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 117 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 118 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 118 2 2009 2009 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 118 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5784 118 4 02 02 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 118 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5784 118 6 09 09 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 118 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 119 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 119 2 Norman Norman NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 119 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 119 4 Don Don NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 119 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 119 6 1981 1981 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 119 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 119 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 120 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5784 120 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 120 3 truth truth NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 120 4 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 120 5 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 120 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5784 120 7 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 120 8 user user NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 120 9 interface interface NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 120 10 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 120 11 horrid horrid NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 120 12 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5784 120 13 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 120 14 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 120 15 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 120 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 121 1 Datamation datamation NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 121 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 122 1 27 27 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 122 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 122 3 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 122 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 122 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 123 1 References[edit references[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-5784 123 2 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 123 3 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 123 4 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 123 5 Programming Programming NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 123 6 Environment Environment NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 123 7 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 123 8 Brian Brian NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 123 9 Kernighan Kernighan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 123 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 123 11 Rob Rob NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 123 12 Pike Pike NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 123 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 123 14 1984 1984 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 123 15 Program Program NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 123 16 Design Design NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 123 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 123 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 123 19 UNIX UNIX NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 123 20 Environment Environment NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 123 21 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5784 123 22 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 123 23 paper paper NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 123 24 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 123 25 Pike Pike NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 123 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 123 27 Kernighan Kernighan NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 123 28 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-5784 123 29 preceded precede VBD en-wikipedia-org-5784 123 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 123 31 book book NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 123 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 1 Notes note NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 2 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 3 Programming Programming NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 5 C C NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 7 Rob Rob NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 8 Pike Pike NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 10 September September NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 11 21 21 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 13 1989 1989 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 14 A A NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 15 Quarter Quarter NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 16 Century Century NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 18 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 20 Peter Peter NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 21 H. H. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 22 Salus Salus NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 24 Addison Addison NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 25 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 26 Wesley Wesley NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 28 May May NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 29 31 31 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 31 1994 1994 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 32 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 33 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 34   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 35 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 36 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 37 201 201 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 38 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 39 54777 54777 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 40 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 41 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 42 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 43 Philosophy philosophy NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 44   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 45 — — : en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 46 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 47 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 48 Art Art NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 49 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 50 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 51 Programming Programming NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 52 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 53 Eric Eric NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 54 S. 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NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 55 Raymond Raymond NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 56 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 57 Addison Addison NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 58 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 59 Wesley Wesley NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 60 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 61 September September NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 62 17 17 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 63 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 64 2003 2003 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 65 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 66 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 67   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 68 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 69 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 70 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 71 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 72 142901 142901 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 73 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 74 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 75 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 76 Final Final NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 77 Report Report NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 78 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 79 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 80 Multics Multics NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 81 Kernel Kernel NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 82 Design Design NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 83 Project Project NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 84 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 85 M. M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 86 D. D. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 87 Schroeder Schroeder NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 88 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 89 D. D. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 90 D. D. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 91 Clark Clark NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 92 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 93 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 94 H. H. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 95 Saltzer Saltzer NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 96 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 97 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 98 D. D. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 99 H. H. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 100 Wells Wells NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 101 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 102 1977 1977 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 124 103 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 2 UNIX UNIX NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 3 Philosophy Philosophy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 5 Mike Mike NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 6 Gancarz Gancarz NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 8 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 9   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 10 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 11 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 12 55558 55558 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 13 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 14 123 123 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 15 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 16 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 17 External External NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 18 links[edit links[edit , en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 19 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 20 Basics Basics NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 23 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 24 Philosophy Philosophy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 25 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 26 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 27 Catb.org Catb.org NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 28 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 29 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 30 Philosophy Philosophy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 31 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 32 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 33 Brief brief JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 34 Introduction introduction NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 35 – – : en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 36 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 37 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 38 Linux Linux NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 39 Information Information NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 40 Project Project NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 41 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 42 LINFO LINFO NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 43 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 44 Why why WRB en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 45 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 46 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 47 Philosophy Philosophy NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 48 still still RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 49 matters matter VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 50 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 51 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 52 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 53 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Unix_philosophy&oldid=1015300304 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Unix_philosophy&oldid=1015300304 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 54 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 55 Categories category NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 56 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 57 Software software NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 58 development development NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 59 philosophies philosophy NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 60 Unix Unix NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 61 Hidden Hidden NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 62 categories category NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 63 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 64 CS1 cs1 NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 65 maint maint NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 66 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 67 multiple multiple JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 68 names name NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 69 : : : en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 70 authors author NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 71 list list VBP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 72 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 73 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 74 short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 75 description description NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 76 Short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 77 description description NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 78 matches match VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 79 Wikidata wikidata VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 80 All all DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 81 articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 82 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 83 unsourced unsourced JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 84 statements statement NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 85 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 86 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 87 unsourced unsourced JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 88 statements statement NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 89 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 90 March March NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 91 2021 2021 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 92 Navigation Navigation NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 93 menu menu NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 94 Personal personal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 95 tools tool NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 96 Not not RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 97 logged log VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 98 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 99 Talk Talk NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 100 Contributions Contributions NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 101 Create Create NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 102 account account NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 103 Log Log NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 104 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 105 Namespaces Namespaces NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 106 Article Article NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 107 Talk talk NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 108 Variants variant VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 109 Views view NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 110 Read read VBP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 111 Edit edit NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 112 View View NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 113 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 114 More More JJR en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 115 Search Search NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 116 Navigation Navigation NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 117 Main Main NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 118 page page NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 119 Contents content VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 120 Current current JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 121 events event NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 122 Random random JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 123 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 124 About about IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 125 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 126 Contact Contact NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 127 us -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 128 Donate Donate NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 129 Contribute contribute NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 130 Help help NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 131 Learn learn VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 132 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 133 edit edit VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 134 Community community NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 135 portal portal JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 136 Recent recent JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 137 changes change NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 138 Upload upload JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 139 file file NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 140 Tools tool NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 141 What what WP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 142 links link NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 143 here here RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 144 Related relate VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 145 changes change VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 146 Upload upload JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 147 file file VBP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 148 Special special JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 149 pages page NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 150 Permanent permanent JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 151 link link NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 152 Page Page NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 153 information information NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 154 Cite cite VB en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 155 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 156 page page NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 157 Wikidata wikidata NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 158 item item NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 159 Print print NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 160 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 161 export export NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 162 Download Download NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 163 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 164 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 165 Printable Printable NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 166 version version NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 167 Languages language VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 168 العربية العربية NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 169 Čeština Čeština NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 170 Deutsch Deutsch NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 171 Español Español NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 172 فارسی فارسی JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 173 Français Français NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 174 한국어 한국어 NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 175 Italiano Italiano NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 176 日本語 日本語 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 177 Norsk Norsk NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 178 bokmål bokmål NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 179 Português Português NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 180 Русский Русский NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 181 中文 中文 NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 182 Edit Edit NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 183 links link NNS en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 184 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 185 page page NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 186 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 187 last last RB en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 188 edited edit VBN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 189 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 190 31 31 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 191 March March NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 192 2021 2021 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 193 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 194 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 195 18:08 18:08 CD en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 196   _SP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 197 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 198 UTC UTC NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 199 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-5784 125 200 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 126 1 Text text NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 126 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-5784 126 3 available available JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 126 4 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 126 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 126 6 Creative Creative NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 126 7 Commons Commons NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 126 8 Attribution Attribution NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 126 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-5784 126 10 ShareAlike ShareAlike NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 126 11 License License NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 126 12 ; ; , en-wikipedia-org-5784 126 13 additional additional JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 126 14 terms term NNS 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Inc. NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 128 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-5784 128 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-5784 128 15 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 128 16 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 128 17 profit profit JJ en-wikipedia-org-5784 128 18 organization organization NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 128 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-5784 129 1 Privacy privacy NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 129 2 policy policy NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 129 3 About about IN en-wikipedia-org-5784 129 4 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 129 5 Disclaimers Disclaimers NNPS en-wikipedia-org-5784 129 6 Contact Contact NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 129 7 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 129 8 Mobile Mobile NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 129 9 view view NN en-wikipedia-org-5784 129 10 Developers Developers NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 129 11 Statistics Statistics NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 129 12 Cookie Cookie NNP en-wikipedia-org-5784 129 13 statement statement NN